US1812695A - Loop aerial - Google Patents

Description

June 30, 1931. ARM 1,812,695

LOOP AERIAL Filed April 12, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 fv/v 728E fliezi c2 fir/77;,

June so, 1931. A M 1,812,695

LOOP AERIAL Filed April 12, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 June 30, 1931. G, HARMS 1,812,695

LOOP AERIAL il April 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 z 1 9%M ww Patented June 30, 1931 PATENT OFFICE ALBERT G. HARMS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS LOOP AERIAL Application filed April 12, 1926. Serial No. 101,325.

My invention has reference to loop aerials such as are used in connection with radio receiving sets or other similar apparatus for collecting electrical waves in radio or wireless communication.

The invention relates to that type of loop aerial shown and described in my co-pending application, filed December 24:, 1925, under Serial No. 77,568, and more particularly to that type having an area about which the wires are wound to wholly enclose said area or a substantially continuous winding throughout the entire area, field, or surrounding sides thereof but embodies in addition,

a novel loop aerial in which a series of substantially independent loops are disposed one within the other in fixed or movable relation and especially wherein said loops are rotatable one with respect to the other to vary their angular relation when movable relatively, and in which said loops or the loop as an entirety embodying a series of loops disposed successively one within the other, are adapted to be connected electrically or inductively and in parallel, series or multiple for various purposes, as will be hereinafter more fully set forth, such as for disposing them in a relation to produce a variable inductance for increasing or decreasing the signal strength, tonal quality, or clarity of the reception; for tuningin or out certain waves of different lengths in the manner of a trap that is, different stations; for varying the length of wire in the coils, the number of coils embodied in the device as a whole and its flexibility or scope of reception and tuning ability or qualities, as well as the relative lengths, sizes, and inductances of the coils or windings of the coils and for other useful purposes and advantages as will be apparent as the description proceeds.

In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is an elevation of a loop aerial embodying principles of my invention and illustrating the same in one single form.

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the device as shown in Fig. 1 with one form of winding.

Fig. 3 is a top plan view of a form in which the inner or auxiliary loops or windings are movable angularly or rotatably with respect to an outer loop or winding or any of the windings outwardly thereof and showing an inner loop or winding shifted with respect to an outer one.

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic elevation showing 57.3 the loops or windings connected in series.

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic perspective view showing the relation of the loops when mounted one within the other in fixed or movable relation, and

Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic elevation similar to Fig. 4 but showing the loops connected in multiple.

Referring to the drawings in detail, 7 indicates abase on which the aerial or radio antenna 8 is mounted, preferably to turn as by means of a frame including an upright 9 having a pivot portion engaged in a socket 10 in the base. The upright 9 may have a series of successively reduced portions or tubes 11 forming shoulders 12 against which end members 18 in the form of suitable plates or disks of rectangular or other shape are secured either in fixed relation or in such a manner that the top and bottom end members of the frames or opposed pair of plates may be turned or rotated one within the other in different angular relation. The plates 13 are preferably provided with notches or other receiving means 1-1 for continuous windings or coils 15 of a plurality of loops or windings placed one within the other, the series of loops forming a single loop aerial in its entirety. If preferred, the plates 18 may be arranged in any other suitable relation or in contact, 35 and the coils 16 thereof are preferably extended diagonally of the respective plates or frames and may be arranged with the leads or extremities thereof free, as indicated at 17 in Fig. 2 of the drawings, or may be connected in series .as indicated at 18 in Fig. 4 of the drawings or in multiple or parallel, as shown by theconnections 19 in Fig. 6 of the drawings.

The coils of the respective loops 15 may be equi-distantly spaced apart as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, in which event the inductance of the respective loops placed one within the other vary, owing to the different lengths of wire carried thereby, the inner loops being smaller and of less inductance than the outer loops, so that the loops are of progressively less inductance inwardly and of greater inductance outwardly. While the loops may be maintained in fixed relation with their coils all extending in the same direction as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, or otherwise, they may be arranged at any other desired angular relation and when arranged to turn relatively, may be disposed in different angular relations as illustrated in Fig. 3. All of the loops are of the type wherein the windings extend substantially entirely around the field or loop as shown and de scribed in my prior application above alluded to, the loops being parallel and progressively decreasing in width from the center to the opposite sides 01' increasing in width and-size from opposite sides to the center in opposite directions, in addition to being disposedclosely adjacent. \Vhile I have shown notches for receiving the wires on the respective end members or plates 13, it is to beunderstood that any other suitable wire-receiving and retaining means for the windings may be provided.

In Fig. 3 of the drawings one of the inner loops is shown turned with respect to the adjacent outer loop for the purpose of raising or lowering the inductance value and for tuning as in connection with a variometer. Alternate loops may be connected inductively or electrically, according to the result to be obtained. If all of the loops are connected inductively, the inductance, of course, will be greater and where alternateloops are connected inductively and electrically, for instance, the outer and third inner loop of the plurality of loops composing the aerial may be inductively connected and the second and fourth or other loops electrically connected to assist in energizingthe inductively connected loops and increasing the inductive effect by catching the waves and transmitting the same to the inductively connected loops.

This provides for greater signal strength and clearer andsharper tone qualities. This, as well as the arrangement of having the loops adjustable angularly, serves the purpose of tuning by bucking ,or cutting in or out one or more stations after tuning the same in or byarrangingthe loops or coils in such a manner as to reduce the inductance. W'hen the coils are connected in multiple, the inductance balances, being an average of the four, five,

or other number of loops which may be em.-

the latter case shown more especially in Fig.

5, the windings are closer together as they approach the inner-loop. In this way, the same length of wiring may be arranged in each loop owing to the coils or windings thereof being closer together as the loops are progressively decreased in size. In this way the inductance of the loops may be made equal instead of being varied orprogressively' decreasing inwardly, this depending upon the length of wire or number of coils in the respective loops. While I have shown the end members or plates 13 spaced'apart, they may be arranged in other suitable relation and can be made thicker and arranged in contact whether mounted in fixed relation or adapted to turn relatively, with the sam results as heretofore pointed out. While I have shown and described my .in-

vention in a preferred form, I am aware that" various modifications and changes may be made therein without departing from the principles of the invention, the scope of which is to be determined from the appended claims. It also has been found in practice that by placing a variable condenser in shunt with one or more of the loops not electrically connected with the set, a broadcast station can be tuned in or tuned out, i; e. eliminated, by adjusting the condenser, that is, by varying the capacity of the condenser, thereby broadening the frequency range of the .loop to receive on higher or lower frequencies without tapping or cutting in or out parts orturns of the loop.

I claim as my invention: 7

1(A loop aerial having more than two loops mounted successively one within another in decreasing size and each having a continuously extending coil winding with the coils thereof equidistantly spaced apart in parallel relation and supported on successively enlarged portions.

2. A loop aerial having'at least four loops contained in spacedrelation one'within another, each loop having the coils relatively closely wound in spaced relation and extending entirely around the area thereof, succes-' sively enlarged posts fitting one within another and each supporting a loop. V

8. A loop. aerial including at least-four loops successively placed one within the other and having the wiring thereof extending continuously around each on all sides in coils with the sides approaching each other and the windings adapted to varying lengths, and for variable connection inductively or in opposition each loop having a tube and the tubes being successively smaller to movably fit one within another whereby each loop may be adjusted or turned on a vertical axis angularly with respect to the other loops.

ALBERT G. HARMS.

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