US1811528A - Rotary disintegrator - Google Patents

Description

June 23, 1931. c. w. ANDREWS ETAL 1,811,528

ROTARY DISINTEGRATOR Filed July 15, 1929 2 Sheets-Shem l Qfwezaors,

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June 1931- c. w. ANDREWS ET AL 1,811,528

ROTARY DI S INTEGRA'I'OR Filed July 15. 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented June 23, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE .1 CHAR-LES V7. ANDREWS AND SELWYNE I. KINNEY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORS TO H. A. BRASSERT & COMPANY, OF

; rumors CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A COR-PQRA'IION OF ROTARY DISINTEGBATOR Application filed. J'uly 15, 1929. Serial No. 378,257.

This invention relates to a gas washing apparatus generally known as a disintegrator, and consists of the matters hereinafter described, and more particularly pointed out 5 in the appended claims.

" The disintegrator is of that type in which the gas and washing fluid are introducedmto a casing containing alternately disposed, interacting, fixed and rotary disinte- 1'0 grator elements by means of which the gas and washing fluid are beaten together and the solid particles wetted by the washing fluid, are largely eliminated from the gas by centrifugal action of the disintegrator ele- 1'5 ments. The object of our invention is an improved means of effecting a thorough wetting of the gas and positive mixture of the same with the water with the subsequent removal within 2'0" the machine by the waste water of particles of wetted dust.

Another object of our invention is'to improve the form and construction of the rotat-l ing and the stationary members, thereby improving the efiectiveness of the cleaning action ,over methods which have hitherto been employed. The rotating or stationary members are ordinarily constructed of ..rounds, angles, T-bars or other shapes, faseotened to the rotor, or respectively to the ring supporting the stationary members. In our inventionwe substitutefor one or more of these rotating or stationary members a perfor'ated member, preferably a cylindrical "screen made from steel or other metal plate into" which holes of suitable size and shape have been punched, drilled or cored. The surface of the screen may be corrugated in ..order to increase friction, although we do not recommend corrugations in cases where gases contain fumes which tend to stick to rough surfaces. 7 V Other'objects and advantages of the inven- .tion will be pointedout as we proceed with our specification.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a view representing a. side elevation of the disintegrator with one wall thereo; partially broken away to disclose the Z interior.

- Figure 2 is a view representing a vertical section through the disintegrator in a plane indicated by the line 22 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a partial section in the same plane as that of Figure 2, showing a modified form of the device.

Referring now to that embodiment of the invention illustrated in the drawings :10 indicates a casing comprising a voluted intermediate easing member 10a, with the volute disposed in a vertical plane; 10b, 10?) indicate inlet casing members located at either side of and communicating with said intermediate casing member; and 11 indicates a horizontal shaft which carries the rotary disintegrator elements and the water distributing basket. Said shaft extends through the casing comprised of the members 10a and 10b and has its axis of rotation coincident with the axis of the voluted part of the intermediate member 10a. 12 indicates the discharge orifice of the voluted member 10a, said orifice being disposed with its axis of discharge tangential to the bottom part of the volute. 110 indicates the inlet passageways for the inlet members 105. The casing as a whole is mounted upon a suitable base-13 and is preferably built of structural parts in such manner that it may be separated along the vertical median plane of the voluted shell member 10a and also on a horizontal plane through the central axis of the shaft 11, and may be thus conveniently disassembled to get at the parts within the casing for repairs or for removal and replace ment.

On the shaft 11 in the median plane of the voluted shell member 10a of the casing, is mounted a disk 14. Said disk is fixed between hub parts15, 15 fixed upon the shaft 11 between a shoulder 16 and a threaded nut 16a thereon. The hub parts have annular flanges 17, upon which are fixed (as by a thread, as shown) cylindrical shells forming a basket 18 provided with annular, inwardly extending, radial end flanges 19. The shells forming the basket 18 are perforated and in said perforations are fixed radially projecting tubes or pipes 20. Said pipes are arranged in rows placed preferably at equal arcuate distan'ces' about the basket 18 (see Figure 1) and the number of pipes in a row and the depth therein, is discharged radially by centrifugal' force towards the zone, of disinteshort distance from the ends. of the pipes grating elements now to be described.

21 indicates a perforated cylindrical metal shell or screen surround ng" the space occupied by the tubes or pipes 20, with'its per- 3 forated wall concentrically disposed with reference to the shaft 11 and spaced but a 20. Said screen-may be either fixed and carried by the side walls of the intermediate casing member 104; or maybe rotary and be carried by. the disk 14." As shown, and preferably, it'is carried bythe side Walls of the intermediate casing member being made in two parts and secured theretov in anycon Veil-161113 manner, asby means of rings 25a. Beyondthe perforated screen 21, there are fixed initheiintermediate casing member 10a, to its side walls, horizontally disposed, in-

I wardlyextending disintegrator elements 22,

22. In alternatibn with said rows of: fixed disintegrator elements are located radially spaced, horizontally disposed annular rows of disintegrator elements 23 carried by the disk 14 and extending to either side of said disk between the rows of fixed disintegrator 7 elements. 1 e

The sidewalls of thecasing member 10a have circular; openings 24, 24 approximating in diameter'thediameter 'of'the; perforated cylinder 21. These openings constitute inlets for the flow of gas from the inlet cas-' ing membe s 10h, 10b. to the intermediate member 100;, andto and through the zone of the disintegrator elements, namely, the screen "217andjthe elements 22 :and 23. .By the rotation of-the disk :14, the familiar inter-actio'n and beating together of the washing water and gas isbrought about by the rapid 1 relative? movement of the. disintegrator eles 'nients.

s i'lhelfix ed disintegrator elements 22 have Elli-3111 ends extended into close relation with thedisk ll aiicl the rotary disintegrator ele ,ments have their ends in like manner extended into close relation to the upright sidewalls of'ijtheccjasingmember10a. indicates flat support ngr ngs at the ends of said, bars. By this arrangement, the passageway otherwise 1. presented for the ,gas, through the clearance spaces at" the "ends of the disi'ntegrator el'ements,'is blocked and the greater. part of the gas is' forced to pass through the z'one of H thorough effective disintegrator action.

NVash ng water is continuously introduced into the casing by pipes 26 having fittings 27 fixed in and extending through the vertical sidewalls of the casing members 10?). Each of said fittings includes a part 28 with a discharge nozzle 29 which extends into the open end of the basket 18 in a direction tan gential to the rotating shaft, being thus dis posed to discharge water in the direct-ion of the rotation of the basket, as shown in Figure 2. V

The'water discharged into the rotating basket 18 and maintained therein at asubstantially constant depth about its periphery as heretofore stated, is ejected by centrifugal force from saidbasket through all the tubes or pipes 20,=the outlet ends of which arequite near to the perforated screen 21. Said screen acts ineffect, as the first disintegrator' element, fixed or rotary, dependinguponwhether it is carried by the disk 14 or fixed to the casing, as shown herein. The pipes or tubes insure a positive distribution of the Water in.

radially directed, closely spaced streams, with little or no diversion or dissipation untilit reaches the screenelement. I r V a We have found by experimentation that better disintegrationand'mixing ofthe wa ter and gas, and thereforea better wetting:

of dust particles, takes place in a ratio indirectly proportional to the size of the apertures in or between the rotating or stationary members We therefore prefer to make the combined area of-tlie aperturesinthescreen 7 smaller thanthe open cross sectionsin the disintegrator throughfwhich the flow of the gas takes place.- This has a further advantage of retaining both gas and water for a longer period with n the machine, thus giving a more favorable time element. 1 a

The better cleaning effect with Your type of construction over the ordinary disintegrator will be readilyunderstood whenit is conce'ived that'waterandgas are first thorough- 1y mixed .in the circular space surrounding the :water distributing basket where, water and gas arethoroughly beaten by the rapidly moving tubes which completely fill the basket with. a fine spray of water, then water and gas are forced'tof pass through numerous relativelysmall openings of a stationary or, rotating screen; having passed this sereen,r water and, gas/meet with the moving: dis-' integrator bars travelling a still higher .speed,this speed increasing with successive rows of rotary bars until the outermost members have beenpassed.

VVhilewe prefer to use only a single stationary screen facing the water distributing tubes, this screen maybe made to revolve or .several screens may be employed, but in any event the screen or screens should be followed by one or more sets of relatively rotating disint'e rater bars, the. surface: blow of which is nee. ed for the finalremoval of dust.

T object of-bringing thev Water intothe'basket in this tangential manner is to facilitate its quickly finding a uniform level in the basket, due to centrifugal force. By'locating the inlet pipes near the ends of the basket, more water discharges through the outer than through the inner rows of pipes. In this manner the tendency of the incoming gas, flowing from the edge of the machine to the center and tending to sweep the water with it, is effectively overcome as proved by careful experimentation. The relation of water admitted to the basket, to the out-flow from the basket through the tubes, is such. that a certain spillage of water must take place at the two outer edges of the basket. By this means a tangential spray is obtained which cuts across the two incoming gas streams at right angles to their flow and the gas entering the machine will divert this water through the tubes and tend to keep the space between the tubes clean, the surface of the tubes thus being continuously wetted. In the case where gas containing heavy fumes or other gas difficult to clean is employed, we provide apertures in the basket between the tubes, permitting additional water to flow from the gasket directly into the space between the tubes.

The bulk of the water passes from the basket through the tubes and is forciblythrown against the stationary screen which surrounds the outer open ends of the tubes at a short distance from the same. The screen causes an intimate mixture of water and gas so that drops leaving tubes of say 1/8 in diameter become atomized to finer than 1/32, the fineness depending upon the speed of rotation of the basket. All the gas and all the water are forced to pass together through these openings, thereby causing a thorough mixture with simultaneous compression, the most effective means of wetting the gas. There is no chance of the gas short circuiting the machine without being thoroughly wetted.

Instead of making the disintegrator elements in the form of rods or bars 22, 23, as shown in Figure 2, said elements may be provided by means of perforated channel bars.

Such construction is shown in Figure 3. In

this construction, 22a indicates the fixed disintegrator elements and 226 indicates the rotary disintegrator elements. In each. case, the disintegrator consists of a channel bar bent into circular form and perforated to provide openings for the passage of the water and gas.

Having thus described our invention, what we desire to claim is:

1. In a disintegrator apparatus, in combination with a casing, a cylindrical basket rotatable in said casing, means for supplying water to said basket, a plurality of tubes adapted for discharge of water radially from said basket, and a plurality of relatively, rotative radially spaced disintegrator members operating in said casing radially beyond said basket, one of said disintegrator members being afixed, cylindrical, perforated screen closely approached to the discharge ends of the tubes carried by said basket.

2. In a disintegrator apparatus, in combination with a casing, a cylindrical basket rotatable in said casing, means for supplying water to said basket adapted to discharge said water near the ends of said basket tangentially in the direction of its rotation, a plurality ofrelatively rotative,radially spaced disintegrator members operating in said casing radially beyond said basket, one of said disintegrator members being a cylindrical, perforated screen closely approached to said basket.

3. In a disintegrator apparatus, in combination with a casing, a cylindrical basket rotatable in said casing, means for supplying water to said basket at its ends in a direction tangential to its direction of rotation, a plurality of tubes adapted for a discharge of water radially from said basket, and a plurality of relatively rotative, radially spaced disintegrator members operating in said casing radially beyond said basket, one of said disintegrator members being a fixed, cylindrical, perforated screen closely approached to the discharge ends of the tubes carried by said basket, the total area of the perforations in said screen being less than any other open cross-sectional area in the machine.

at. In a disintegrator apparatus, in combination with a casing, a cylindrical basket rotatable in said casing, means for supplying water to said basket, a plurality of tubes adapted for discharge of water radially from said basket, said basket being provided with a plurality of perforations intermediate said tubes, a plurality of relatively rotative, radially spaced disintegrator members operating in said casing radially beyond said basket, one of said disintegrator members being a cylindrical perforated screen closely ap proached to the discharge ends of the tubes carried by said basket.

'5. In a disintegrator apparatus, in combination with a casing, a cylindrical basket rotatable in said casing, means for supplying water to said basket, a plurality of tubes adapted for discharge of water radially from said basket, a plurality of relatively rotative, radially spaced disintegrator members operating in said casing radially beyond said basket, one of said disintegrator members being a cylindrical perforated screen closely approached to the discharge ends of the tubes carried by said basket and the remaining disintegrator elements being channel bars bent into cylindrical form concentric with the axis of rotation of said basket.

6. In a disintegrator apparatus, in combination with a casing, a cylindrical basket rotatable, in said casing, said basket having" end flanges to determine the depth of Water carried thereby, means for supplyingwater v to said basket at its ends in a direction tangential to its direction of rotation at a rate to spill over said end flanges, a plurality of tubes adapted for discharge of water radially from'said basket, and a plurality or'relatively rotative, radially spaced disintegrator mem- 1 bers operating insaid casing radially beyond said basket; 7

In testimony that We-claim the foregoing as our invention, we afiix our signatureslthis 5th day of'July,A.D; 1929; I

15 .1 CHARLES W. ANDREWS.

SELWYNEv P. KINNEY.

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