US1806793A - Combustion chamber - Google Patents

Description

May 26, 1931. B. DoBlE COMBUSTION CHAMBER Filed May 16, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVEN TOR A TTORNEVS Patented -May Y26, 1931 I- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE BRADLEY DOBIE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR T'O AMERICAN ARCH COMPANY, A CORPORATION F DELAWARE COMBUSTION CHAMBER Application mea may is, 1924. serial No. 713,697.

This invention relates to combustion chambers for furnaces and is particularly useful in connection with large combustion chambers such, for example, as are utilized in the burning of pulverized coal under stationary boilers or the like.

The matter of expansion of walls is a serions problem in combustion chambers, particularly those of Alarge size and it is one of the objects of my invention to provide a construction wherein expansion is provided for and the bulging and destruction of the walls, which would otherwise occur, obviated.

Another object of the invention is to simplify and improve the side Wall construction of such combustion chambers.

Still another object of the invention is the provision of a supporting arrangement for the refractory wall such that combustion chambers may be practically.bui1t of any required size without difficulties incident to expansion, squashing of the walls, aligning, and other difficulties.

l In general my invention contemplates the simplification and cheapening of furnace wall constructions and also the simplification and cheapening of maintenance.

How the foregoing, together with such other objects as may hereinafter appear, or are incident to my invention, are obtained, is illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein:

Fig. 1 is a vertical transverse section through the oven of a Dutch oven type of combustion chamber, illustrating the nature of my improvements:

Fig. 2 is a section taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a section taken on the line 33 of Fig. 1; 0

Fig. 4 is a perspective View illustratlng how the walls'may be provided with air inlets;

Fig. 5 is a perspective View of a detail employed in carrying out the invention, and

Figs. 6 and 7 are sectional views illustratingmodifications of my invention.

Referring now to Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive, the reference numeral 7 designates the outer shell or cover of the combustion chamber, ar-

ranged along the inner face of which, at suitable intervals are pairs of Y,upright supporting members, such as the channels 8. These channels are ordinary commercial sections and the channels of each pair are arranged in opposingl relation as indicated in Fig. 2. The uprig t inner walls of the combustion chamber are composed of spaced tiers A of bricks 9 having heads 10. These bricks 9 are threaded into the respective pairs of channels 8 to which end, the channels may be provided at suitable points, with cutaway portions 11, into which the heads 10 may be inserted and the bricks then threaded in place. The corners of each of the bricks 9 are notched or shouldered as indicated at `12. The space between the upright tiers A is closed by the tiers B of bricks 13, which bricks are provided with heads adapted to engage the shoulders of the bricks 9, whereby the latter bricks support the bricks 13 composing the tiers against lateral movement.

Since the walls are normally incandescent in service, they, if carried to a considerable height, would squash out at the bottom under the weight, to overcome which I divide the tiers, vertically considered, into sections C with expansion joints 14 between sections. The lowest section of course is su ported upon the concrete foundation, or t e like, and the other sections thereabove are each supported on the transverse supporting members 15, which, in this instance are shown as angles carried by the upright members 8.

The sections are thus supported independently of one another and the expansion ]oints provide for freedom for vertical expansion so that expansion difficulties and bulging and the like are obviated. The expansion pints are provided for by means of special 'ey bricks 9a and 9b, the latter of which, while not provided with heads, are nevertheless so formed as to be held in place by the key bricks 9a which do have heads and serve to )osit-ion the bricks 9b and to cover over and protect the horizontal supporting member l5, as shown in Fig. 1.

Thus vertical expansion of the side walls is provided for and horizontal expansion is taken care of by the loose fit of the heads in the channels 8, as well as by the fact that since the tiers A are supported from the channels and in turn su port the intermediate tiers B, the joints Ibetween the bricks or rather the joints between the tiers, can be filled or closed with a suitable material permitting of expansion. In the absence of the arrangement shown they might have to be closely bonded.

The roof, top or arch D of the combustion chamber, is composed of headed bricks 16 engaged by clips 17 which are in turn held by hangers 18 suspended from the horizontal channels 19 which in turn are carried on I beams 20 resting on the top of the channels 8. Runner members 17a which extend between and are supported by clips 17, engage and support bricks which lie between the said clips. The hung i0r suspended courses of bricks 16 carry courses of filler bricks 21. By this arrangement the load of the arch is not carried on the side walls and the arch has freedom to expand with reference to the side walls. the space between the arch and the side walls being closed by sand or other suitable filling 22.

It will be seen from the foregoing that any section or part of the furnace may be torn down and replaced without affecting the remaining sections or parts, which makes maintenance simple and inexpensive.

The space between the outer and the inner walls of the combustion chamber may be well utilized to preheat air for combustion or for drying the fuel or the like, in which connection it will be seen that the channels 8 divide thespace into vertical compartments e open at the top. By providing the outer shell with a duct 28 communicating with the plurality of the compartments e, air may be drawn through the compartments c and from the duct 23 through an outlet or outlets 24 leading to a pulverizer orl the like.

If desired the inner wall may be provided with inlets whereby air may be drawn into the combustion chamber at any desired level or at any desired number of points. This may be done by sim ly shaping the bricks composing the tiers or any suitable number of such bricks, in the manner indicated in Fig. 4 whereby, when a pair of -such bricks are assembled, an inlet 25 is provided through the inner' wall.

Referring now to Figs. 6 Vand 7, the wall of the combustion chambers instead of being vertical, are inclined, and in these figures I have shown various ways in which the invention may be carried into effect with walls of this character.

The advantages of my improvements will be readily understood by those skilled in the art.

Iclaim:

1. In a refractory furnace, a plurality of upright supporting members, and an upright wall adjacent thereto composed of upright supporting members, suitably spaced apart,^

and a wall composed of spaced tiers of bricks supported by said members and intermediate tiers of bricks positioned by first mentioned bricks, the bricks of said tiers being arranged in sections vertically considered,-and Vmeans on said members for carrying the sections.

4. In a refractory furnace, an outer shell, an inner wall, spaced upright members therebetween dividing the spacerinto vertical compartments, said inner wall being supported by said members and means for admitting air into said vertical compartment.

5. In a refractory furnace, an outer shell, an inner wall, spaced upright. ch'annel members dividing the space between the shell and the wall into vertical compartments, said inner wall including bricks detachably engaging said channel members whereby the said inner wall is supported by said channel members, and means for admitting air into said vertical compartments.

6. In a refractory furnace, an outer shell, an inner wall, spaced upright channel members dividing the space between the shell and the wall into vertical compartments, said in ner wall including bricksY detachably engaging said channel members whereby the said inner wall is supported by said channel members, means for admittingair into said vertical compartments and passages through the wall leading from said compartments into the furnace. I

7. A refractory furnace wall comprising in combination substantially upright supporting members providing vertically extending slots, a plurality of horizontally spaced, substantially horizontal support means thereon, upright tiers of bricks carried by said support means in superimposed relation, bricks of said tiers having protruding heads threaded into engagement with the slots of the upright supporting members whereby said tiers are supported against lateral movement.

8. A refractory furnace wall comprising in combination substantially upright supporting members, a plurality of horizontally spaced, substantially horizontal shelf means carried thereby, upright tiers of bricks carried by said shelf means in superimposed relation, certain of said upright tiers having headed engagement with the upright supporting members whereby said tiers are supported against lateral movement and intermediate upright tiers which are supported against lateral movement by the other upright tiers.

9. A refractory furnace wall comprising, in combination, substantially upright pairs of oppositely disposed channel members, a plurality of horizontally spaced, substantially horizontal shelf means carried thereby, and upright tiers of bricks supported by said shelf means, certain of the upright tiers of bricks having heads which engage the channels of each pair.

10. A refractory furnace Wall comprising, in combination, substantially upright pairs of oppositely disposed channel members, a plurality of horizontally spaced, substantially horizontal shell means carried thereby, and upright tiers of bricks supported by said shelf means, certain of the upright tiers of bricks having heads which may be threaded between channels of a pair.

11. A refractory furnace structure comprising, in combination, substantially upright supporting members, a plurality of horizontally spaced substantially horizontal shelf means carried thereby, upright tiers of bricks carried by said shelf means in superimposed relation, certain'of the bricks of said Wall being supported against lateral movement by said upright supporting members and roof supporting members also carried by said upright supporting members.

12. A refractory furnace structure comprising, in combination, substantially upright support-ing members, a plurality of horizontally spaced substantially horizontal shelf means carried thereby, upright tiers of bricks carried by said shelf means in superimposed relation, certain of the bricks of said wall being supported against lateral movement by said upright supporting members and roof supporting members supported at o )posite ends by the upright supporting mem ers of,

opposite walls.

13). A refractory furnace wall comprising in combination substantially upright supporting members providing vertical slots, a plurality of spaced-apart, substantially horizontal shelf means carried lthereby, upright tiers of bricks carried by said shelf means in superimposed relation and having extended heads threaded into said slots whereb Y said tiers of bricks are supported against ateral movement by said upright supporting inembers.

14. A refractory furnace construction comprising in combination substantially upright supporting members providing vertical slots, a plurality of spaced-apart, substantially horizontal shelf means carried thereby, upright tiers of bricks carried by said shelf means in superimposed relation and having extended heads threaded into said slots whereby said tiers of bricks are supported against lateral movement by said upright supporting members, together with horizontal channel members providing slots positioned to support the furnace roof, horizontal courses of bricks having heads threaded into the latter slots, other horizontal courses between pairs of the first-mentioned horizontal courses and havin shouldered engagement with the latter, and means providing expansion joints at the juncture of the vertical tiers of the wall and the horizontal courses of the roo 15. A furnace wall construction including in combination a supporting structure, bricksupporting members carried thereby, a sectional refractory block wall carried on said supporting members, and means securing blocks of said wall as against lateral displacement, horizontally-adjacent blocks of the ywall having shoulders providing interengagement between them.

1G. A furnace wall construction including in combination a supporting structure, bricksupporting members carried thereby, a sectional refractory block wall, each section being carried on a plurality of su porting members, and means securing bloclis of said Wall as against lateral displacement, horizontallyadjacent blocks of the wall having shoulders providing intercngagement between them.

17. A refractory furnace wall comprising in combination substantially upright supporting members, a plurality of horizontally spaced, substantially horizontal shelf means carried thereby, upright tiers of'bricks carried by said shelf means in superimposed relation, bricks of certain of said upright tiers having engagement with the upright supporting mem ers whereby said tiers are supported against lateral movement and intermediate upright tiers bricks of which have shouldered engagement with bricks of the first-mentioned upright tiers.

18. A refractory furnace Wall comprising in combination substantially upright supporting members providing vertical slots, a plurality of vertically spaced-apart substantially horizontal shelf means carried thereby, upright tiers of bricks carried by said shelf means in superimposed relation and having extended heads threaded into said slots whereby said tiers of bricks are supported against lateral movement by said upright supporting members.

19. A refractory furnace ,wall comprising in combination substantially upright supporting members providing vertical slots, a plurality of spaced-apart substantially horizontal shelf means carried thereby, upright tiers of bricks carried by said shelf means in super imposed relation and having extended heads threaded into said slots whereby said tiers of bricks are supported against lateral movement by said upright supporting members, and means at spaced points along said upright members for admitting brick-heads into said slots.

20. A furnace Wall construction including in combination a supporting structure, bricksupporting members carried thereby, a sectional refractory block Wall carried on said supporting members, and means securing blocks of said Wall as against lateral displacement, horizontally-adjacent blocks of the wall having shoulders providing interengagement between them, said shoulders on adjacent blocks being in the form of substantially complementary irregularities in their adjoining faces.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name.

BRADLEY DOBIE.

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