US1801714A - Calendar - Google Patents

Description

April 21, 1931. BEVILACQUA 1,801,714

CALENDAR Filed Jan. 8. 1929 5Sheets-Sheet 1 monvm Q5 MHREH] W //1/ V691 ark April 21, 1931.

G. BEVILACQUA 1,801,714

CALENDAR Filed Jan. 8, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 93 E 3 60 l 0 3g 5 57 April 21, 1931. BEVILACQUA CALENDAR Filed Jan. 8, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 a ge 1 fl avr W 2% Patented Apr. 21, 1931 UNITED SATES rarer @FFICE GIUSEPPE BEVILACQUA, OF RECCO, ITALY CALENDAR Application filed January 8, 1929, Serial No. 331,138, and in Italy January 10, 1928.

This invention relates to an improved type of mechanical perpetual calendar, in Which .all daily movements to be effected in order to change the date are effected simultaneously through the operation of single control member. V

The present calendar, owing to the provision of suitable devices Which make it impossible to change the date unless a coin or mark of a determined value has first been introduced, can be used also for the collection of payments by instalments .and insurancepremiums as Well as for the collection of savings'at users domicile. V

In this latter application as cashiercalendar or savingscalendar the familiar operation of daily tearing off a leaf from a Wall calendar is advantageously made use of as a daily reminder. In the event of omissions and delays on users part, the apparatus calls his attention on the date of the last pay ment actually performed andon the accurate number of instalments that have fallen due and which he must necessarily pay in order to bring the calendar up to date. All-these features confer upon the invention a positive superiority over other apparatus pursuing similar objects. v

The change of date is effected,'the coin or mark being previously introduced, by operating the laterally projecting control lever and takes place With perfect accuracy all the days of the year, even on passing over from one monthto the next, Whatever may be the number of days in the month.

The apparatus is so designed that, Whatever-be the number of the months days, 31 impulses must be imparted to the control member. In this manner a constant number of coins will be collected everyinonth.

The apparatus is constructed With the simplest means, all complicated devices comprising gears or the like that require precise, delicate and expensive manufacture being excluded. An apparatus of really practical utility and Within reach of everybodys capabilities is thus obtained.

The apparatus according to the invention is possessed of therequired features making 59 it complete with all theelements of a leaf 'cernec alter the number but day name.

Wall calendar; accurate in the graphic representation of all the irregularities of the cal endar; practical for the double purpose for which it is intended and in consideration of the exceptional size and legibility of its indications, attractive due to the harmonious and symmetrical distribution of the indications, educative because itis a stimulus to thrift and, at the'same time, an interesting mechanical curiosity, and is economical be cause it is realized with simple and unexpensive means.

The'apparatus is of the type With rollers revolving on acommon axis, driven by suitable mechanical members and carrying each of them on its cylindrical surface one of the elements, adapted to represent the calendar indications. The first roller carries the indication of-the name of the Weelzs days; the second roller carries the-tens and the third roller the units of the mon'ths day; the fourth roller carries the months names.

A characteristic feature of the novel calendar is that it requires 31 impulses to be imparted to the control member for each month, no matter What the number of days in the month may be. made due to which, for'the months with less than 31 days, the impulses in excess of the actual number of days in the month conindicating the monthsday up to and inclusive of the 31st. do not alter the name of the Weeks day, so that afte 3l-impulses the accurate alteration of all the elements of the date Will be obtained. F or the months having less than 31 days, the evcess impulses are revealed by the fact that the indicator oi the day named fails to Work; on such months, the user is therefore Warned to repeat the operation til passage over to the 1st day of the next month.

So for instance, for passing over from the 28th February of a bissextileyear to the 1st March, three impulses must be imparted to the control device. Each of these impulses will alter the day number, passing in succession through 29. 30, 31 but will notalter the g A fourthimpulse, on the con.- trar. will so move the rollers as to cause the date of 1st March to appear With the indica- Yet suitable provisions are tion of the name of the corresponding wecks day.

The invention is illustrated in one of its embodiments, in the accomp: nying drawings, in which 1 1 is a front view of the casing and indicator board;

Fig. 2 is a axial section of the apparatus, with the casing removed;

Fig. 3 is a right hand side view of the apparatus and shows the detail of the coin gear;

Fig. a shows, as seen from above, the gear which serves to disconnect the day-number roller;

Fig. 5 a cross section through the disc for the day names;

Fig. 6 shows the details of the mechanism actuating the day-number roller;

Fig. 7 is a view of the 31 teeth ratchet wheel, and shows the windows therein as well as the levers disconnecting the day-name roller;

Fig. 8 shows the separator between the 31 teeth ratchet wheel and the end disc of the month-name roller;

Fig. 9 shows the cylindrical surface of the day-name roller;

Fig. 10 shows the cylindrical surface of the tens roller as developed on a plane;

11 is a similar development units roller;

12 is a similar development of the nonth-name roller;

Fig. 13 shows the ratchet wheel for the actuation of the units roller;

Fig. 11 shows the ratchet wheel for the actuation of the tens roller.

The indicator members are four rollers rcspcctively, discs loosely mounted on a common shaft in such a manner that all of them can be revolved in the same direction. The actuaton of all the rollers is effected by means of a bar 51 fitted with a handle and fulcrumed on the shaft 50; the bar 51 actuatcs each indicator by means of springloaded lever- arms 53 and 5 1 fast with the bar 51 and by means of a pawl 55 pivotally attached at 56 to an arm 68, this arm being fast with the bar 51. The p wi 55 actuates the two rollers for the day-number, the arms 53 and 5t actuate the oay-name roller, respectively, the month-name roller.

The roller 57 for the months name is fitted with 12 teeth, viz. one tooth for each month the roller 58 for the day name is titted with 11 teeth, the day names being repeated twice as indicated on Figure 9 in order to reduce the difierence between the angular strokes of the two indicators so that, with a given stroke of the bar 51, the angular strolrc of 57 and 58 corresponds to one division.

The tens indicator 59 and the units indicator 60 are fast with the ratchet wheels 61 respectively, 62, which can be actuated by the pawl 55 pivotally attached at 56 to the of the bar 63, which is branched off the bar 51 and fast thereto.

The roller 60 has the figures O to 9 distributed over its periphery in their natural succession, as shown on Figure 11; the roller 59 has the series of figures 0, 1, 2, 3, distributed over its periphery two times, as indicated on Figure 10, and this in order to equalize the angular strokes of the tens roller and of the units roller.

The ratchet wheel 62 (Fig. 13) has all its teeth equally spaced from one another and from the center, excepting the tooth 64 corresponding to the Figure 9, which shows a greater depth.

The ratchet wheel 61 (Fig. 14:) has the teeth 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, (which correspond to the figures O, 1, 2) equally spaced from the center and more precisely their distance from the center of the ratchet whcel'61 is equal to the distance of the atom-mentioned teeth 64 from the center of the ratchet wheel 62. The teeth 71 and 72 in wheel 61, which correspond to the figures 3 coming after the 2, lie at the same distance from the center as the teeth 0 to 8 in the ratchet wheel 62. Finally the teeth 73 and 7 1 corresponding to the figures 3, lying between the figures 3 already mentioned and the zeroes, lie at a greater distance from the center than all the other teeth.

In this manner, the pawl 55, according to the relative position of the two ratchet wheels, can move through a fraction of revolution either the units roller alone (for the days 1 to 9, 11 to 19, 21 to 29) or it can simultaneously move both the units roller and the tens roller (in order to pass on to the 10th, respectively, to the 20th, 30th and 31st of the month) or finally it can move the tens roller alone for passage from the 31st to the 1st day of the next month.

The tens roller 59 has two notches formed in its peripheral edge (Fig. 10).

A spring-loaded arm 76 starting from and fast with the arm 63 (the latter arms being fast with the bar 51) slides on the edge of roller 59 and, by a link 77, is connected to the arm 54: actuating the month-name roller which normally is out of mesh. When the tens roller is moved forward for passing over from the 30th, to the 31st day, the said arm 76 engages one of the two notches and by means of the link 7 7 engages the arm 54 in the teething of the month-name roller 57, so that on the next forward movement for passing over from the 31st to the 1st day, a change in the indication of the months name is effected.

In this manner it is always necessary to proceed up to the 31st day in order that the name of the month be changed.

The roller 58 for the name of day, at each impulse, is moved forward by one division; yet for the months with less than 31 days the a plate 88 in order to avoid respectively 80 or 81.

does not occur for This s obtained in forward movement of 58 the intervening days. the following manner:

A ratchet wheel 78, mounted loose on the same shaft and rotatable in the same di rection as the indicating rollers, is fitted with 31 teeth corresponding to the maximum number of days in a month. The said wheel is mechanically actuated bythe bar 51 by means of an arm placed under the action of a spring 119 and fast with the bar 51 in such a manner that, at each operation, the wheel is moved forward by 1/3'1th' of a revolution, In the said wheel, three apertures-79, 80, 81 are formed in three annular concentric zones; the aperture 79 extends to the whole are corresponding to the 29th, 30th and 31st day; the aperture extends to the whole are corresponding to the 30th and 31st day; the aperture 31 corresponds to the tooth representing the 31stday alone. The wheel 78 lies close to the end disc of the months name indicator 57 'butis separated therefrom by friction. I The indicator 57 revolves independently from. the wheel 78, and its end disc has sixapertures formed in it. 83 correspond to the indication of the month of February and under given conditions come to lie in front of the apertures 79 and 80'respectively; four apertures, viz., 84, 85, 86, 87 correspond each to the indications of the months April, June, September, November (30 days months), and under given conditions come to lie in front of the aperture 81 of the 31 toothed wheel 78.

Two levers 89 and '90, fulcrumed at9'3 on a shaft 94 carried in the casing walls, are mechanically pressed'against the 31 wheel 78 in such a manner that they cannot move awa from the annular zones of the apertures 79 i The lever 89 can be carried opposite the aperture 79 (dotted position 89) in normal aperture 80in bisextile years by the mere operation of a button III applied to the said lever and projecting to the outside; thesaid operation of the button can be performed ing arm 530i the l on any of the 365 days preceding the last The lever 90 always re- 7 day of February.

aperture '81. v 1

Each lever 89 and 90 is fittedwith a tooth 91 and mechanically connected to the actuatday name indicator 58'by means of the link 92 and of'the lever 95 fulcrumed at 96 on the shaft carried in the casing walls.

Inthe months having less than 31 days, the apertures formed in the end disc of, the m'onths name roller .57 are lying opposite the teeth 910i the levers 89 and 90, so that when 78 is moved forward, as the apertures 79, 80, 81 are carried opposite the teeth'91, one of these levers pressed against 78 engages with its tooth 91 the aperture of the Of these six apertures, 82 and years, or opposite the to the small lever 106,

wheel 78 and the underlying aperture of the months name roller 57, and by means of the link 92 draws the arm 53 actuating the roller 58 and moves this arm away from the toothed wheel of this roller.

' Accordingly, in spite of the other parts being operated in the ordinary Way, the indicating roller 58 remains at rest as long as the levers 89 and 90 are'not restored into their npr lznal position by the subsequent movements 0 8. day in the month of February is changed up to the 28th, respectively, 29th in bissextile years, and then it is changed only when pass ing over to the 1st. day of March; in the months with 30days, the name of the day is changed up to the 30th and then only on passage to the 1st day of the following month. This arrangement makes it necessary to always impart 31 impulses every month.- In the months with less than 31 days, some impulses must be imparted in addition to those corresponding to the actual number of days of the month concerned, the necessity for such additional impulses being 1 revealed by a the fact that the name of the day fails to be changed.

The apparatus-thus sents the simple perpetual mechanical calendar with a single drive. The following device, applied to the said calendar, serves to subordinate its working to the daily introduction of a coin or mark which serves to unlock the actuating mechanism.

With the bar 51, a plate 98 (Figure is 1 As a consequence the name of the far described repre;

fast, this plate being so shaped that it can be of a coin in the canal 103, the com acting upon the tail 10 1, whichis fast with 99,-so that its weight overcomes the tension ofthe spring 101. The coin is allowed to pass on into the magazine only when, after the operation has been carried out, the hook is removed and allows the position 99.

The pawl 99 is connected by the spring, 101 the tooth 107 of which engages the window 108 provided in the plate 98. The lever 106. can swing only when the plate 98 is moved into the dotted position 106, and is fitted with a tail 109 which, when the parts'have been moved, enters the canal 103 and prevents the passage of other coins eventually heapedover the first coin, as long as the plate 98 has initial position.

In this manner the daily change of date is rendered mechanically and necessarily dependent on the passage of a coin of a given value into a savings box 110. The coin canal notbeen restored into its a any;

pawl 99 to sink into the dotted lets a single coin pass at each impulse, yet it may receive several coins at a time, thus securing the working of the calendar for as many days as are the introduced coins. In this manner it is made easier for the user to have the required coins available in due time.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is 2- 1. In a calendar of the kind described, the combination of a casing, a shaft extending through the said casing and supported in the casing walls, four rollers rotatably mounted on the said shaft and each carrying on their periphery one of the following indications: name of day, tens of the days number, units of the days number, months name; a ratchet wheel fast with the tens roller; a ratchet wheel fa st with the units roller; a peripheral toot-hing formed on the months name roller; and means operable from the outside for imparting determined and timely angular movements to all the said rollers.

2. In a calendar of the kind described, the combination of: a casing; a. shaft extending throughout the said casing and supported in the casing walls; a roller adapted to revolve on the said shaft, having the day names twice inscribed on its periphery in due sequel, and fitted with 14 teeth; a roller adapted to revolve on the said shaft, having the set of figures 0, 1, 2, 3, 3 twice inscribed on its periphery, fitted with a notch in its periphery and fast with a toothed ratchet wheel; a roller adapted to revolve on the said shaft, having a set of figures O to 9 inscribed on its periphery, fitted with a 12 toothed peripheral toothing, and provided with. an end disc in which four windows are form-ed, each opposite the indications of the months April, June, September and November, as well as two windows opposite the indication of month of Feb ruary; a ratchet wheel with 31 teeth, each of which corresponds to one of the 31 days of the month, the said teeth lying close against the said end disc, and the ratchet wheel having three unequal windows in it, arranged in three concentric annular zones, of which windows one lies opposite the tooth corresponding to the 31st day, one lies opposite the two teeth corresponding to the th and 31st days, and one lies opposite the three teeth corresponding to the 29th, 30th and 31st days: a lever fulcrumed on the said shaft, operable from the outside and provided with a springloaded arm for actuating the day name roller, with a spring-loaded arm for actuating the 31 toothed ratchet wheel, with a springloaded arm sliding on the edge of the tens roller and carrying a pawl for actuating the two ratchet wheels fast with the tens roller and with the units roller respectively a link connecting the said arm with the springloaded arm that actuates the months name roller two levers fitted with a tooth that bears against the 31 toothed ratchet wheel opposite the annular zones having the above said windows in them, each tooth being adapted to engage one of the ratchet wheel windows and, across these, the underlying windows of months name roller; a link connecting the said levers to the arm actuating the day-n ame roller.

3. In a calendar of the kind described, the combination of: a casing: a shaft extending throughout the casing and carried in the easing walls; a roller adapted to revolve on the said shaft, having the set of figures O, 1, 2, 3, 3 twice inscribed on its periphery and fast with a 10 toothed ratchet wheel, in which the teeth corresponding to the figures O, l, 2 are equally spaced apart from the center, the teeth corresponding to the figures 3, 3 directly following the figure 2 are set at a greater distance, and the teeth corresponding to the figures 8 comprised between the previously said figures 3 and the Zeros are set at a still greater distance; a roller adapted to revolve on the said shaft, carrying the set of figures O to 9, fast with a 10 toothed ratchet wheel in which the tooth corresponding to the figures 9 is set at the same distance from the center as the teeth corresponding to the figures 0, 1, 2 in the ratchet wheel fast with the tens roller, and the teeth corresponding to the figures 0 to 8 are set at the same distance from the center as the teeth corresponding to the figures that follow the figures 2 in the ratchet wheel fast with the tens roller; an operating lever carrying a pawl adapted to act under given conditions on both the said ratchet wheels.

4. In a calendar of the kind described, the combination of: a casing; a coin magazine; a shaft extending throughout the said casing and carried in the casing walls; a roller adapted to revolve on the said shaft and hav ing the day names inscribed on it; a roller adapted to revolve on the said shaft and having inscribed on it the tens of the numbers of the days; a roller adapted to revolve on the said shaft and having inscribed on it the units of the numbers .of the days; a peripheral toothing formed on the roller having inscribed on it the names of the days; a peripheral toothing formed on the roller having inscribed on it the names of the months; a ratchet wheel fast with the tens roller; a ratchet wheel fast with the units roller; a lever fulcrumed on the said shaft, fitted with arms for the operation of the said indicating parts and fast with a plate likewise rotatable on the said shaft; a pawl adapted to lock the said plate and lever so as to prevent their operation; and means for unlocking the said plate and lever to permit operation thereof.

5. In a calendar of the kind described, the combination of a casing; a shaft extending through said casing and supported in the easformed on the months name roller; means operable from the outside of the casing for imparting determined and timely angular movements to all the said rollers; means to lock the latter mentioned means, and means acting on said locking means to unlock means operable from the outside. Milan, 20th December, 1928.

GIUSEPPE ,BEVILACQUA.

said

each carrying on their

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