US1795223A - Firearm - Google Patents

Description

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C. C. LOOMIS FIREARM Filed Jan. 22, 1925 Patente a, iai.

caawroan cf'LooMIs, oF ILroN, NEW YORK, Assrenoa To REMINGTON Amas com- PANY, Inc., A. coRroaA'rIoN or' DELAwama FIBEARM Application led January 22, 1925. Serial No. 3,802.

This invention relates to firearms and especially to firearms of the break-down type, in which the breech is opened by turning the barrel. about a transverse horizontal pivot beneath the barrel and at the forward end of the frame, although it is to be understood that the utility of many features of the in- 'vention is not limited to firearms of this particular type, but is applicable to firearms generality.

riihe prime object of the invention 1s to provide improved fire control, ejector, and breech locking mechanisms for firearms.

A further object of the invention is to improve the construction of various parts of the fire control mechanism of a Ifirearm in such a way as to increase the effectiveness not only of the parts themselves.I but of the combinations into which these parts enter in the assembled fire control mechanism.

A further object of the invention is to provide a fire control mechanism, all parts of which are adapted to be iinally assembled on' a base plate on which they are readily accessible, so that the control of one part by another can be easily observed and any failure of correct operation, or any mis-tit can be readily observed and corrected before the fire control mechanism is enclosed in the frame.

A further object of the invention is to facilitate and reduce the cost of manufacture by designing all parts of the mechanism with a View to production and assembly comprising a minimum number of operations, performed by simple relatively inexpensive, and durable tools. f

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved means for securing the trigger plate to the frame.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved sear construction, and an improved mounting therefor.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved safety slide, and an improved safety slide operating means.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved means'for preventing excessive forward movement of the trigger.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved breech locking bolt and bolt operatino` mechanism.

A further object of the invention is to provide improved means for mounting the breech locking bolt operating lever.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved shell ejector mechanism, and improved operating means thereof.

With these and other objects in view, my invention consists4 of the novel combinations and arrangements of parts which are illustrated in the drawing and which will be hercinafter more fully described.

In the drawings:

Fig. l is a fragmentary side elevation partly in section of a gun embodying the invention, parts of the forearm, frame and stock being broken away to show the firing, safety, and ejector mechanism.

Fig. 2is a perspective of the base or trigger plate and the fire control mechanism mounted thereon. A part of the side wall of the base plate is broken away to show certain parts with greater clearness.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the base plate and fire control mechanism, the tan having been removed to show the safety sli e.

Fig. 4 is an end elevation of the base plate.

Fig. 5 is a detail side elevation of the safety slide, and the slide controlling devices.

Fig. 6 is an inverted plan view of the frame.

Fig. 7 is a rear elevation of the frame.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary elevation, of my improved firearm with the breech open, parts of the mechanism being broken away to show the breech locking and ejector devices.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged detail view of the locking bolt rocker securing means.

Fig. 9A is an end elevation of Fig. 9.

Fig. 10 is an inverted plan view of the locking bolt operating finger-piece.

Fig. 11 is a perspective of a sear.

Fig. 12 is a detail sectional elevation ofthe ejector hammers-and sears taken on the lme 12-12 of Fig. 16. Y

Fig. 13 is a fragmentar plan view in three i parts, of the firing pins, s owing the relative position of the pins for different gauges.

Fig. 14 is a top plan view of frame.

Fig. 15 is a'perspective view of the locklng bolt and bolt operating means.

Fig 16 is a fragmentary elevation of the forearm, showing the ejectors and their controlling sears.

f Fig. 17 is a sectional plan view taken on the line 17-17 of Fig. 1, showing the securing means between the frame and base plate.

The drawings illustrate a double gun comprising barrels 10. a sighting rib 11, and breech jacket 12. The mechanism for locking the breech, the fire control mechanism, and the ejector mechanism, are mounted respectively in the frame 13, the trigger or base plate 14. and the forearm 15.

The fire control mechanism will be first described. The hammers 16 and 161 are pivoted at 17 in iianges 141 upstanding from the trigger plate 14. Hammer springs 18 on hammer spring plungers which terminate in hammer engaging shoes 19 are interposed be,

tween the lower .ends of the hammers and suitable abutments at the forward end of the trigger plate.

The upper ends 191 of the shoes 19 are adapted to engagethe hammers above their pivots as the hammers approach the forward position, and cause the hammers to rebound after the firing movement a sufficient amount to withdraw the firing pins 20 from the shell primers.

My invention contemplates the use of a fire control mechanism of a standard size for double guns of twelve, sixteen, and twenty gauge. The distance between barrel centers varies with the gauge and it is necessary that the two firing pins be spaced accordingly. To this end I have provided for each of the three gauges special firing pins 20, adapted for attachment to hammers spaced a fixed distance apart. The three sets of firing pins are illustrated in Fig. 13. The pair of firing pins shown at the left of Fig. 13 are adapted for twelve gauge, the pair in the center for sixteen gauge, and the pair at the right for twenty gauge. It will be seen that for sixteen gauge the center of each firing pin is in line with the center of the hammer whereas the firing pins for twenty gauge are offset inwardlyfrom the centers of the hammers, and the fire pins for 12 gauge are offset outwardly from the hammer centers. Thus, without altering the spacing of the hammers the firing pins are brought to the correct position yfor double barrel structures of each of the three gauges'in common use.

The notches 21 of the hammers 16 are engaged by the noses 22 of sears piyoted at 23 in the flanges 141.. The pivot holes in the scars are elongated, as shown in Figs. l and 11, to permit a bodily movement of the sear with respect to its pivot for a purpose which will be hereinafter described. The sears are normally held upward in hammer engaging position by springs 24, contained'in recesses 1n shoulders 25 on the sears.

Each of the sears comprises a rearwardly and inwardly extending shank 26, terminating in a transverse pin 27. The triggers 28 each comprise an upwardly and forwardly extending web 34 underlying its respective scar pin 27. At their forward ends said webs enter slots in/a post 29, secured to the base plate by screws 30, and are pivoted therein at 31. A trigger spring 32 looped around a screw 3l in the trigger plate, and having outwardly turned forward ends, which enter slots 33 in the webs 34 of the two triggers, serves to hold the triggers in contact with their respective sears. Each of the triggers comprises a shoulder 35 adapted to engage an abutment 36 on the base plate, this arrangement serving to limit the forward movement of the triggers. The trigger bow or guard 37 may be secured to the base plate by any desirable means. In the drawings we have shown a screw 38 fixed .to the trigger bow and a screw 39 passing thru the trigger bow, both screws entering threaded `openings in the base plate.

The safety mechanism (see Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 5) comprises a slide indicated generally by numeral 40. The forward end 41 of this slide is of circular cross section, and passes thru a circular opening in the post 29. The body of the slide 40 comprises a vertical web 42 which carries on either side thereof a locking lug 43, adapted to overlie the transverse pins 27 on the sears when the safety device is effective. and to be moved forward out of contact with pins 27 when the safety is made ineffective.

The rearward part of the slide is of an inverted T section, embodying a` transverse web 44, the edges of this web being supported in slots in posts 45, fixed to the trigger plate and firmly held against relative displacement by a, transverse pin 46. A lug 47 having a perforation 48 extends downwardly from the slide, for a purpose which will be hereinafter described.

The safety slide 40 is operated by manipulation of a finger piece 49 on the tang 50, which is secured by means of screw 51 to post 52 at the rear of the trigger plate. Said finger piece 49 comprises a vertical web 53 which extends thru a slot in the tang 50 and terminates in lugs 54 and 55. Lug 54 is received in a notch inthe web 42 of the safety slide, and lug 55 engages the end of said slide. The finger piece and safety slide are yieldingly held in their forward or ineffective and rearward or effective positions by means of a yoke 56, pivoted in ears 57 extending downwardly from the tang. Spring 58 serves to press the ends of the yoke 56 into engagement with a stud 59 extending thru the web 53, said stud being located in depressions at the ends of arcuate cams 60, and rocking the yoke about its pivot to pass the cams when finger piece 49 is moved.

It will be seen that when finger' piece 49 is in its rearward position, and the hammers are cocked, locking lugs 43 overlie scar pins 27 which overlie the triggers, and the trig- /gers are held against forward movement by the abutment 35. Movement of both the sears and the triggers are completely blocked, and the accidental release of the hammers by a sudden jar is thus impossible.

The hammer cooking mechanism comprises forwardly extending arms 61 integral with the hammers and adapted to overlie cocking levers 62 pivoted at 63 in ears 64 at the forward end of the trigger plate. Pivots 63 are concentric with the barrel and forearm pivot, and the forward ends of the le vers extend into recesses 631 in the forearm, whereby when the breech is opened the Acocking levers are rocked about their pivots to lift the arms 61 and cock th'e hammers..

It will be seen that all parts of the tire control mechanism are mounted on the trigger plate, so that their functioning with respect to each other may be readily observed. Thus any failure to fit and operate with ease and precision may be detected before 'the mechanism is enclosed in the frame, the cause quickly located, and the defect remedied. This is obviously a very valuable improvement over the construction now in vogue in double guns, in whichv many coacting. parts are not placed in operative relation until final assembly, when all the mechanism is enclosed and concealed in the frame, and the detection of badly fitting parts and location of trouble becomes a matter of guess work. Again, parts which are all mounted on the same rigid base can be made to it each other much more accurately than parts which are mounted on separate supporting members and only brought into opera-tive relation by joining of the supporting members. The use of a unitary support for all parts of the fire control thus not only facilitates inspection, and location of defects, but enables the production of a mechanism, the parts of which fit each other with an exactness and accuracy which is impossible in guns of this type as hithertoy constructed.

The breech locking and releasing mechanism is contained in a frame or housing shown in Figs. 6, 7 and 14. As illustrated land ejector sear trip links, are spaced from each other, the opening between them receivmg the barrel lug 65. Said barrel lug comprises a half journal adapted to engage ak bearing pin 66 in the frame, and the end 67 of the frame forms a bearing for the half journal'68 associated with the forearm.`

The joint check 69, whcih also actuates the extractor, is mortised into the pivot 67, and is retained therein by a screw 70. The head of screw 70 projects from the pivot and actuatesvthe ejector sears in the manner to be hereinafter described.

The joint bearing pin 66 is inserted thru openings in the frame, which openings are closed by cap screws 671. This arrangement permits the ready removal of the bearing pin after the pin itself, the journal in contact with the pm, or the engaging surfaces of the barrel and the frame have become worn from long use. Such wear produces an unpleasant and undesirable looseness between the barrel structure and the breech mechanism, the defeet being commonly known as shooting loose. The provision .of simple and effective means for correcting this defect forms an important part of my invention.

The breech locking bolt 71 is mounted for longitudinal reciprocation in slots in the inner walls 72 and 73 of the fire control mechanism receiving recesses. A spring 74 surrounding a pin 75 and held between a fiange 76 depending from bolt 71 and a plate 77 held in slots in the walls 7 2 and 73 urges the locking bolt and its operating mechanism toward effective position. To retain the bolt in retracted position a plunger 78, which occupies a vertical opening in the frame and is urged upwardly by a spring 79, is provided. A head 80 at the-lower end of plunger 78 is received in a T slot 81 in bolt 71. As the bolt is retracted a recess 82 moves opposite the head 80, which moves up into said recess under the action of spring 79, thereby locking the bolt 71. When the breech is closed lug 83 on the end of the barrel depresses the plunger and head 80, whereupon the bolt springs forward above the locking projection 84 of the barrel lug 65.

The forward end 41 of the safety slide is in alignment with a screw 421 which occupies a recess in the rear end of the lockingr bolt 71'. When the screw 421 is in place and the locking bolt is retracted the screw engages the end of the safety slide and moves it rearwardly into effective position. The safety is thus automatically made effective whenever the breech is opened. The automatic control of the safety slide may be eliminated by removing the screw 421. The circular endsection lili! of the safety slide will thus enter the screw containing recess when the bolt is retracted, and the slide is not moved, being controlled y solely by the movement of finger piece 49.

My invention also includes the provision of means whereby the safety device shall be effective only when the breech is unlocked by retracting bolt 71. To arrange the gun for this operation, the screw 421 is placed in its recess in the locking bolt; and the spring 74 is removed from its position between lug 76 and plate 77, and is interposed between lug 47 on the safety slide, and post 52. The retraction of the locking bolt then moves the safety slide to effective position, and on the release of the locking bolt the spring 74 advances both the locking bolt and the safety slide.

The means for manipulating the bolt comprises a pivoted rocker 85 having an enlarged lower end 86 adapted to be received in a recess 87 in the bolt. The upper end of the rocker is received between lugs 88 and 89 which project laterally from the downwardly extending shank 90 of the bolt operating linger piece 91. The rocker 85 is pivoted on a pin 92 which is received in a counter bored opening in a block 93, which occupies a transverse slot in the frame. The pivot pin 92 is held in place in block 93 by a screw 94 which passes thru the counter bore of the pin receiving opening in front of the head 95 of the pin, as clearly shown in Figs. 9 and 9A. The block 92 is held in place in the frame by means of two downwardly extending lugs 96 and 97 which engage a shoulder 98 (Fig. 8) of the block containing recess. In assembling the device the block is inserted from the rear and to the right (Fig. 7) of its final position. As the block moves forward the lug 97 is'in the right hand firing mechanism recess, and

' lug 96 moves in a clearance eut 98 provided therefor. When the forward face of the block engages the forward end of its recess. the lugs 96 and 97 have cleared shoulder 98 and the block may then be moved to the left into home position. The periphery of the head 95 of screw 94 projects beneath said block, and is received in a recess in the frame (Fig. 7) thereby securing the pivot block 93 against lateral displacement.

' To prevent accidental opening of the breech in the event of failure or breakage of the main locking bolt 71 or the barrel lug 84 engaged thereby, an auxiliary breech locking device is provided. This device comprises an enlarged head 99 at the top of the shank 90 of the top lever or locking bolt operating finger-piece 91. The head 99 terminates in a. shoulder adapted to overlie the lug 83 when the breech is closed and the finger piece in normal position. A clearance cut 991 on the head 99 permits the passage of lug 83 when the finger piece is actuated to retract the locking bolt. This auxiliary or safety breech locking device is given singular effectiveness by the particular construction of the finger piece, and the means Afor securing the linger piece in the frame which are aboutto be described.

The shank 90 of the locking bolt finger piece is integral with the linger piece itself, and the shoulder at the base of head 99 is adapted to engage an abutment 100 in the frame, said abutment separating the enlarged upper and lower ends of the bolt shank receiving recess. The lower end of the 'shank 90 is provided with laterally extending lugs 101 and v102 which, together with the rocker embracing lugs 88 and 89 retain the finger piece in p lace. To permit assembly of the .finger piece in the frame, slots are cut in the abutment 100, these slots being adapted to register with the retaining lugs when the finger piece is moved to the left a short distance from its normal position. This movement of the finger piece is normally prevented by the engagement of the lower arm of rocker 85 with the end of the frame slot in which said rocker oscillates, and is permitted only when the rocker pivot block 93 is loosened and partly withdrawn.

The means for extracting and ejecting4 shells from the chambers is constructed as follows. Ejector members 105 comprising arcuate shell rim engaging parts 106 arel slidably lmounted in a recess in the lower part of the breech jacket. The combined joint check and extractor actuator 69 engages notches in the ejector 105, and moves the ejcetors a short distance when the breech is opened, thereby effectively starting tight shells from the chamber. The ejector hammers 106 and 1061, slidably mounted in the fore end iron 107 are actuated" by ejector hammer springs 1062 compressed between downwardly extending lugs 108 onthe ham'- mers and an abutment in the fore end iron. Primary sears 109 and 110 respectively engage notches in the hammers 106 and 1061, and a secondary sear 111 is common to the two hammers. The three sears are pivoted on pin 112, and are pressed into hammer engaging position by spring pressed plungers 113.

Scars 109 and 110 are adapted to be operated by the firing movement of the hammers 16 and 161 respectively. To this end scar operating links 114 and 115 are pivoted to said hammers and extend forward thru openings 116 and 117 in the pivot portion 67 of the frame. lVhen the hammers are cocked the ends of links 114 and 115 are Hush with the surface of pivot 67 but as either hammer moves forward the beveled forward end of its link engages and lifts the outer end of its ejector Sear, releasing the ejector hammer from said sear. The ejector hammer therestopped by engagement with the master sear 111. When the breech is opened the head of the joint check retaining screw Withdraws the master sear from the hammer notches. If either hammer has been previously released from its primary sear 1n the manner above described, said hammer now springs forward, striking its ejector 105 a sharp blow, thereby ejecting the empty shell.

The forward movement of the ejector hammers is limited by cross pin 118, which engages the front faces of the hammers, and the movement of the ejectors 105 is 11m1ted by a screw 119, which engages longitudinal slots in the ejectors.

The fore end is secured to the barrel by means of a lug or hook 120 on the barrel, which is engaged by locking member 121 slidably mounted in the fore end and pressed into effective position by spring 122. A vertical pin 123 limits the forward movement of the locking member by abutting the end of the ejector hammer slot.

The frame and trigger plate are held 1n assembled relation by means of. longitudinally extending rails 125 on the trlgger plate, which engage corresponding grooves 126 1n the inner walls 72 and 73 'of the frame recesses. Screws 127 extend thru registering holes in the outer frame Webs and the trigger plate, and are threaded into the inner frame webs. As shown in Fig. 1, the screws 127 are located near the free lower rear corners of the-frame. The screws are thus able to draw the sides of the frame inwardly, insurino' a close fit With the trigger plate.

ily invention is not to be considered as lim- `ited to the precise details of construction which have been herein described and are illustrated in the drawings, but is to be construed as extending to all equivalent devices falling Within the scope of the appended claims.

1. In a firearm in combination, a fire control mechanism comprising a trigger, a sear, a hammer, a hammer cocling lever, a safety slide, and a safety slide controlling device; and a unitary supporting member comprising a trigger plate having a tang secured thereto adapted to support the said members of the fire control mechanism.

2. In a firearm, in combination, aunitary supporting member comprising a trigger plate having at its rear end an upwardly extending post and a tang secured to said post, a fire control mechanism including a trigger, a hammer, a sear, a hammer cooking lever, a safety slide and a safety slide operating mechanism, all mounted on said unitary supporting member.

3. A firearm comprising as a sub-assembly unit a trigger, a sear, a'hammer, a hammer spring, a hammer cocking lever, a safety slide, and a safety slide operating member, and a unitary mounting upon which all the comprising a trigger, a Sear, a hammer, a,

hammer spring, a hammer cooking lever, a safety slide and a safety slide operating member, the contacting parts of the elements of said re control mechanism being readily accessible when said parts are mounted on said supporting member.

G. In a firearm, in combination, a frame, a4

trigger plate adapted to be received in said frame, a fire control mechanism including a scar engaging safety slide and a safety slide operating device, all parts of said fire control mechanism being finally asembled in operative relation on said trigger plate prior to theinsertion of said trigger plate in said frame.

7. In a firearm, in combination, a trigger plate having mounted thereon a plurality of fire control mechanisms, a frame comprising a plurality of recesses adapted to receive said fire control mechanisms, a partition wall separating said recesses, and means for securing said trigger plate to said frame comprising grooves in said partition wall, and tongues on'said plate adapted to engage in said grooves.

8. In a firearm, in combination a frame, a trigger plat-e, means for securing said frame and trigger plate against relative vertical and lateral movement comprising a tongue and groove joint, and means for securing said frame and trigger plate against relative longitudinal movement comprising transverse screws adapted to draw the sides of said frame against said trigger plate. i

9. In a firearm, in combination a frame comprising an exterior Wall and an intermediate wall, a trigger plate, and means for securing said trigger plate to said frame comprising a screw passing thru said exterior wall and a part of said trigger plate, and threaded into said intermediate wall.

10. In a firearm, in combination, a trigger plate having fire control mechanisms mounted thereon, a frame comprising fire controll ing movement thereof about its pivot, and means for enabling transverse movement of said scar with respect to its pivot.

12. In a firearm, in combination, a trigger plate, a sear comprising an elongated opening, means for mounting said sear on said trigger plate compr1sing a pivot pin passing thru said elongated opening, and means normally holding said sear so that said pin occupies the same position in said opening Whether the hammers are cocked or uncooked.

13. In a firearm, in combination, a pivoted scar, a hammer adapted to be held in cocked position by said scar, a safety device adapted When effective to prevent movement of said scar about its pivot, hammer cooking means, controllingr means for said hammer cocking means adapted to move said safety device t0 effective. position prior to the cooking movement of said hammer, means whereby the cocking movement of the hammer is effective to move said sear transversely with respect to its pivot, thereby permitting movement of the hammer to cocked position, and means for thereafter moving said sear into hammer engaging position.

14. In a firearm, in combination, a hammer, a trigger, a scar adapted to be rotated about a fixed pivot by said trigger, a safety device adapted to prevent rotational movement of said sear, said soar being adapted for bodily movement by said hammer when said safety device is effective.

15. In a firearm, in combination, a safety slide mounted for rectilinear movement and comprising a part of inverted T section, and means for manipulating said slide compris-Y ing lugs in operative engagement With the web of said T section.

y16. In a firearm, in combination a trigger plate comprising an upwardly extending post, a tang secured to said post, a safety slide supported for rectilinear motion from said trigger plate, a safety slide operating finger piece mounted on said tang, downwardly extending lugs secured to said finger piece and adapted to operatively engage said safety slide.

17. A safety slide for firearms comprising a forward end of circular cross section and a body part of polygonal cross section, and sear engaging lugs extending laterally from said slide.

18. In a firearm, in combination, a trigger plate comprising an upwardly extending post, a tang secured to said post, a safety slide supported for rectilinear motion from said trigger plate, a safety slide operating finger piece mounted for rectilinear motion on said tano'.

19. In a firearm, in combination, a safety slide comprising a vertical web, a notch in said web, and a safety slide operating member comprising lugs adapted to engage respectively said notch and the end of saidV slide.

20. In a firearm in combination, a safety slide, an operating finger piece for said slide, and means for yieldingly retaining said slide and said finger piece in the desired positions comprising a pivoted and spring pressed member.

21. In a firearm, in combination, a safety device, a slidable operating finger piece for said safety device mounted -in a supporting member, and means for yieldingly retaining ,said finger piece and` safety device in the desired positions comprising a spring pressed member, pivoted to said supporting member.

22. In a firearm, in combination, a safety operating device comprising a finger piece slidable `on a support and a web extending thru said support., a fork pivoted to said support and extending on either side-of said web, cam surfaces formed on said fork, means extending from said web adapted to be engaged by said cam surfaces, and a spring pressing said cam surfaces into engagement with said means.

23. In a firearm, a safety mechanism comprising a safetyslide and anupwardly extending operating finger piece, and supporting means 'for said safety mechanism whereby said slide and said finger piece are assembled in operative relation prior to enclosing the mechanism in the frame or the stock of the firearm.

24. In a firearm, in combination, a movable breech locking bolt, a safety slide having a part extending into the path of movement 0f said breech locking bolt, a recess in Said breech bolt in alignment With said part of said safety slide, and a screw'normallyl closing said recess.

25. In a firearm, in combination, a breech locking bolt, a safety device and a spring adapted to control said safety device, and ltOhilu said safety device control the breech 26. In a firearm, in combination, a movable breech locking bolt, a safety device having a part in the path of movement of said breech locking bolt, and adapted to be operated thereby, and means for disabling the operation of said safety device by said breech bolt comprising a recess in said bolt adapted to receive said partof said safety device.

27. In a firearm, a trigger plate having mounted thereon a fire`control mechanism comprising a trigger, a sear overlying said trigger, and a hammer adapted to be engaged by said sear, and means for blocking the movement of the said elements of said fire control mechanism comprising a safetydevice adapted to engage said sear and a lug on said trigger adapted to engage a part of said frame.

28. In a firearm, a frame, a breech locking mechanism contained in said frame and comframe adapted toreceive said block, down- Wardly projecting lugs on said block, and shoulders on said frame adapted to engage said lugs and prevent rearward movement of said block.`

30. In a firearm, a frame, a breech locking mechanism arranged in said frame, said breech locking mechanism comprising a pivoted rocker and a locking slide adapted to be operated by said rocker, an operating.

finger piece held in said frame; and means whereby movement of said finger piece in one direction actuates said rocker and slide, and movement of' said finger piece in the reverse direction permits its removal from the frame. 3l. In a firearm, a frame, a breech locking bolt operating mechanism comprising a rocker having a removable pivot, a finger piece comprising a downwardly extending shank adapted to engage said rocker, a recess in said frame adapted to receive said shank, means for preventing withdrawal of said shank from said recess except when said shank is in a certain angular position, and means normally effective to prevent mo ement of said shank to the position which permits its removal.

, 32. In a firearm, a frame, a breechlocking bolt in said frame, a breech locking bolt operating mechanism comprising a rocker haviing a removable pivot, a finger piece comprising a part adapted to extend into a recess in said frame and engage said rocker, means effective to prevent removal of said finger piece from said recess except in one angular position thereof, and means whereby said rocker normallyprevents movement of said finger piece to the position necessary for its removal.

33. In a firearm, a frame, a finger piece mounted in said frame, a rocker in operative engagement with said finger piece, a removable pivot for said rocker, and means effective to retain said finger piece in said frame until said rocker pivot has been removed.

34. In a firearm, a frame, an operating member mounted in said frame, a pivoted member in operative engagement with said operating member, a removable block adapted to receive the pivot of said pivoted meinber, and means effective to retain said operating member in said frame until said block has been partially removed from said frame.

In a firearm, a frame, a recess in said.

mally preventing movement of said finger piece to said position.

36. In a firearm, a frame comprisiiiga recess, a finger piece comprising a part adapted to enter said recess, means for retaining said finger piece in`said recess coniprising a peripheral abutment therein and lugs on said finger piece adapted to engage beneath saidabutment, and slots in said abutment adapted to register With said lugs in one position of said finger piece, thereby permitting-its withdrawal.

37. In a firearm, a frame comprising a recess, a finger piece comprising a part adapted to enter said recess, means for' retaining said finger piece in said recess comprising a peripheral abutment therein and lugs on said finger piece adapted to engage beneath said abutment, slots in said abutment adapted to register with said lugs in one position of said finger piece thereby permitting its Withdrawal, a rocker in operative engagement with said finger piece, and means whereby said rocker normally prevents movement of said finger piece to the'positioii in Which it may be removed from said frame.

38. In a firearm, a barrel structure comprising a downwardly extending lug; a fore end iron having mounted therein a slidable ejector hammer, a pivoted sear for said hammer, and a sliding spring pressed latch adapted to engage said lug.

39. In a double gun, a barrel structure comprising a downwardly extending lug, a fore end iron having mounted therein a plurality of slidable spring actuated ejector hammers, a plurality of sears for controlling said ejector hammers, and a slidable spring actuated latch adapted to engage said barrel lug.

40. In a firearm, a frame, a breech locking bolt operating mechanism comprising a rocker, a pivot for said rocker, a block adapted to receive said pivot, a recess iii said frame adapted to receive said block, and a single screw adapted to retain said pivot in said block and said block in said recess.

41. In a firearm, a frame, a rocker pivot, means for securing saidrocker pivot in said frame comprising aV block having a counterbored opening adapted to receive said pivot, a screw arranged transversely of said counterbore and adapted to retain said pivot in place, and means comprising the head of said screw adapted to retain said block in said frame.

42. In a firearm, a frame, a rocker pivot device comprising a block movable transversely into a slot in said frame, a counterbored opening in said block, a screw extending transversely of said counterbore and hav- CRAVFORD C. LOOMIS.

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