US1794906A - Automatic gas-making apparatus - Google Patents

Automatic gas-making apparatus Download PDF

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US1794906A
US1794906A US87474A US8747426A US1794906A US 1794906 A US1794906 A US 1794906A US 87474 A US87474 A US 87474A US 8747426 A US8747426 A US 8747426A US 1794906 A US1794906 A US 1794906A
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making apparatus
automatic gas
kennedy
march
sheet
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US87474A
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James S Kennedy
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/22—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues
    • C10J3/24—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed

Definitions

  • the present invention has relation to a novel system of electrical control and operation of the various agencies which cooperate in the manufacture of gas, and more particularly to the specific application of such a systemto a water gas plant.
  • the system operates on a normally closed electric circuit, so that failure of current causes an automatic shut down.
  • the construction is such that within fifteen seconds after failure due to broken wire or loose connection the system is prepared for automatically shutting down in a safe condition on restoration of current, instead of waiting until the wire fails when called upon to carry current.
  • the entire apparatus is checked up every fifteen seconds before and after valve opera tion is due and automatic shut down in a safe position results where such checking up discloses a failure of operation.
  • the apparatus can be taken over to hand control on any cycle at any time with full protection by interlocking switches and by a safety shutdown.
  • blow and run in a water gas set can be varied to practically any proportional times, instead of being limited to multiples of quarter minutes.
  • the apparatus automatically shuts down to safety when re-coaling is required, and this occurs either after a blow or after a run as desired. l fhen so operated after a run the set is automatically purged before shut down.
  • VJhenever a shut down occurs due to failure of a valve in any sequence, location of the offending valve is easily and quickly accomplished.
  • the apparatus is capable of going right on with a cycle after a shut down, instead of having to return to zero first.
  • Figure 1 is a front elevation of the central controllerapparatus
  • Figure 2 is a view of the same in front elevation with the front of the casing removed
  • Figure 3 is a side elevation of the same with the side of the casing removed, certain portions being shown in vertical section
  • Figure -l is a vertical sectional view of certain switch-operating cams
  • Figure eta is a face view of said cams showing their relation to one switch arm operated by them
  • Figure 5 is a front elevation of certain parts of the return to zero and safety shut down mechanism
  • Figure 5a is a side elevation of the same
  • Figure 6 is a view partly in section and partly in side elevation showing the hand operating means and associated parts
  • Figure 7 is a plan view of the switches operated by the three sets of cams
  • Figure 7a is a view in elevation of the mechanical interlock bar and associated parts
  • Figure 7?) is an end view partly in section of the switch group shown in Figure 7
  • Figure 8 is a front view of one of the setting dials and arms
  • Figure 8 is
  • n'ial'iing one complete revolution (preferably) .2 Mai T ]ft.-' m nitcen secones. ins s 1;; carries a oriv ing pawl 2 which drives a toothed wheel 3 by en a in and movin forward.
  • ihe ratchet wheel3 is preferably furnished with28 teeth
  • the wheel 3 acts to rotate the shaft 6,. to which it is keyed, in a clockwise direction.
  • a slidably keyed sleeve 6a is on the, shaft 6, and the gear wheel? is fastened on said sleeve (see Fig. 6).
  • the shaft 6 acts through the sleeve 64: to rotate the gear 7clockwise, and this gear engages and .drivesthe gear 8 keyed on a sleeve 9 (see Figs. 2, tandfi).
  • the gear 10 is'attached to the gear 8, andengages and drives both gears 11 and 12 to right and left respectively. 1
  • the gear 8 has twice as many teeth as gear 7 and therefore is rotated only 1/56th' of a revolution every quarter minute.
  • Gears 10, 11 and '12' are all of thesame size and therefore they are alldriven step-by-step 1/56th of a revolution every quarter minute.
  • a dial plate 20 Attached to the front frame plate (Fig. 1) is a dial plate 20., concentric with the shaft 6.
  • the dial 20 has 2 1 quarter minute graduations around its periphery, and, as the shaft 6 is driven step-by-step the pointer 21 indicates these graduations successively.
  • the setting arm 16 is secured in the six minute position in the plate 19, and the end of run arm 15 is pawl 4 andl'ockingarm 24. This obviously withdraws the pawl a, freeing the wheel 3, and the parts are'loclred in this position by the end of the lever 24 coming under the latch 25.
  • This latch is held down by the spring 5 which also holds the pawl against the w ieel 3, being attached at one end-tothe latch 25 and at the other. endto a. projection on the long lever 26 attached to the shaft 23 (see Figures 5 and 5a).
  • cord 28.j which passes over. sheaves 29 and 30, thelatter being fixed on the shaft 6.
  • the end of the cordf28 is firs tened'to the periphery of the. sheave 30.(see Fig. 6).
  • the weight 27 thus acts, to produce a quick. counter-clockwise movement of. the wheel? with corresponding backward movementof wheels 7, 8, 10, 11 and. 12. This continues until a stop pin 31 5) on the. cam 32, attached to the gear 11,strikes the arm 33. which is a bell-crank extension of the latch 25 (see Figs. 3 and 5). This lifts said latch, releases the arm 24, and allowsthe retaining pawl 1 to engage a tooth on the. wheel 3, thereby stopping thesarne in zero position. This is theposition indicated by. the; pointer 21 in Fi ure 1. i p
  • a stop arm 35 attached to the gear 12 restsagainst this stop 34 when all parts. are. in zeroposition.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Description

March 3, 1931; J 5, KENNEIIDY 1,794,906
Y AUTOMATIC GAS MAKING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 10, 1926 1,8 Sheets-Sheet l W l GMQWWJM March 3, 1931. J. g, KENNEDY 1,794,906
AUTOMATIC GAS MAKING APPARATUS Filed Feb 10, 1926 18 Sheets-Sheet 5 March 3, 1931.
AUTOMATIC GAS MAKING APPARATUS J. S. KENNEDY Filed Feb. 10, 1926 18 Sheets-Sheet 4 F'I I i i J l March 3, 1931. J'. s. KENNEDY AUTOIATIC GAS "AKING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 10, 1926 15 Sheets-Sheet 5 March 3, 1931. J. 5. KENNEDY 1,794,906
AUTOMATIC GAS MAKING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 10', 1926 18 Shee'ts-Sheet 6 March 3, 1931- J. 5. KENNEDY AUTOMATIC GAS MAKING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 1o, 1926 18 Sheets-Sheet '7 Z O t M. a
March 3, 1931. J. s. KENNEDY 1,794,906
AUTOMATIC GAS MAKING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 10, 1926 18 Sheets-Sheet 8 March 3,' .1931.
J. S. KENNEDY AUTOMATIC GAS MAKING APPARATUS Fiied Eeb. 10, 1925 1.5 Sheets-Sheet 9 March 3, 1931. J. s. KENNEDY 1,794,906
AUTOMATIC GAS MAKING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 10, 1926 18 Shets-Sheet 10 UHMw HMMM HwMU M March 3, 1931. J. 5. KENNEDY AUTOMATIC GAS MAKING APPARATUS 1,8 Sheets-Sheet 11 I I l lllal nuhlllllll March 3, 1931. J. s. KENNEDY AUTOMATIC GAS MAKING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 10, 1926 l8 Sheets-Sheet l2 m% x @w m Q. Ya
March 3, 1931. J. 5. KENNEDY AUTOMATIC GAS MAKING APPARATUS March 3, 1931. 5, KENNEDY 1,794,906
AUTOMATIC GAS MAKING APPARATUS Filed-Feb. 10,- 1926 1a Sheets-Sheet 14 March. 3, 1931; J. 5. KENNEDY AUTQMATIC GAS MAKING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 10, 1926 18 Sheets-Sheet T s 5 my flu mm 1 a I m I "m N m w I: V m S M m 3! LB 95 8 Skh M N w 6 o M \\.k\& W w )4 2 2 w x2 kEkwkankvn- 0 il. with! no.5! 0 5 M S: 2:: m U m m 033% K96! in R 2 2 (wk tutu QSI-uku 23th imu m \cua 5x 253 w 1931. J. 5. KENNEDY 1,794,906
AUTOMATIC GAS MAKING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 10, 1926 l8 Sheets-Sheet l6 23 verilbr: J
a h 3, 1931. J. 5. KENNEDY 1,794,906
AUTOMATIC GAS MAKING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 10, 1926 18 Sheets-Sheet 17 EN ERnToR STEAM HYDRAULIC 'N ELECTR IC YVIRE'S QENIRATQR 3 4 BLAST March 3, 1931. V J. 5. KEb lNEDY, 1,794,966
AUTOMATIC GAS MAKING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 10, 1926 1a sneZ ts-sqeez 18 k o N "1 h S; 1 N w l 5: :i M w "i W I j Patented Mar. 3, 1931 UMTED STATES PATENT OFFICE AUTOMATIC GAS-MAKING APPARATUS Application filed February 10, 1926. Serial No. 87,474.
The present invention has relation to a novel system of electrical control and operation of the various agencies which cooperate in the manufacture of gas, and more particularly to the specific application of such a systemto a water gas plant.
The broad features of my invention, being applicable to other uses as well as to gas making, are claimed in my prior United States Patent Number 1,634,827, dated July 5, 1927, which was filed on August 15, 1.924: and of which this is a continuation in part. The claims herein are directed to features applicable to gas making apparatus specifically.
The following are some of the principal advantages of the invention.
The system operates on a normally closed electric circuit, so that failure of current causes an automatic shut down. The construction is such that within fifteen seconds after failure due to broken wire or loose connection the system is prepared for automatically shutting down in a safe condition on restoration of current, instead of waiting until the wire fails when called upon to carry current.
The entire apparatus is checked up every fifteen seconds before and after valve opera tion is due and automatic shut down in a safe position results where such checking up discloses a failure of operation.
In cases of accidental grounding of the electric system, the entire apparatus is automatically shut down in a safe position.
The apparatus can be taken over to hand control on any cycle at any time with full protection by interlocking switches and by a safety shutdown.
The relation between blow and run in a water gas set can be varied to practically any proportional times, instead of being limited to multiples of quarter minutes.
The apparatus automatically shuts down to safety when re-coaling is required, and this occurs either after a blow or after a run as desired. l fhen so operated after a run the set is automatically purged before shut down.
VJhenever a shut down occurs due to failure of a valve in any sequence, location of the offending valve is easily and quickly accomplished.
The apparatus is capable of going right on with a cycle after a shut down, instead of having to return to zero first.
The invention is illustrated in a preferred form in the accompanying drawings wherein Figure 1 is a front elevation of the central controllerapparatus, Figure 2 is a view of the same in front elevation with the front of the casing removed, Figure 3 is a side elevation of the same with the side of the casing removed, certain portions being shown in vertical section, Figure -l is a vertical sectional view of certain switch-operating cams, Figure eta is a face view of said cams showing their relation to one switch arm operated by them, Figure 5 is a front elevation of certain parts of the return to zero and safety shut down mechanism, Figure 5a is a side elevation of the same, Figure 6 is a view partly in section and partly in side elevation showing the hand operating means and associated parts, Figure 7 is a plan view of the switches operated by the three sets of cams, Figure 7a is a view in elevation of the mechanical interlock bar and associated parts, Figure 7?) is an end view partly in section of the switch group shown in Figure 7, Figure 8 is a front view of one of the setting dials and arms, Figure 8a shows the same in vertical section together with the gears and cams associated with it, Figure 8b is a view similar to Figure la but showing the twin cams of Figure 8, Figure 9 is a diagrammatic front view in elevation of the time adjusting device, Fig ure 10 is a side view of the same, Figure 11 is a front view of the charging schedule switch seen with the front of the casing removed, Figure 11a is a side View of the same with the casing front and parts in front thereof shown in vertical section, Figure 12 is a side view partly in elevation of the automatic shut down switch, Figure 12a is a front view of the same, Figure 13 is a rear view of the same and of certain operating parts therefor, Figures i l and 14a are a diagram of the electric circuits employed in my system, and Figures 15 and 16 taken together form a diagram of a gas connection with the diagram which accom panics this specification; but it will be best to describe first the preferred apparatusiwhereby these circuits are automatically controlled:
from a single central point.
Referring to ur s 2 a d. t epr n pa v or master shaft 1 isrotatedcontinuously anticlockwise by any convenient motivev means,
n'ial'iing one complete revolution (preferably) .2 Mai T ]ft.-' m nitcen secones. ins s 1;; carries a oriv ing pawl 2 which drives a toothed wheel 3 by en a in and movin forward. one tooth r b l I b 1 r 71 l after tne other on said wneel. ihe ratchet wheel3 is preferably furnished with28 teeth,
and, as the par-J12 moves the wheel 3 the distance of one tooth every quarter mmute, sa d wheelevidently makes a compl te revolution in seven minutes.
Apparatus hereinafter described tends constantly to rotate thewheel 3 backward, and this tendency is normally counteracted by the click-pawla which is held against the ratchet wheel 3 by a spring 5 (see Figures 5 and5a). t
The wheel 3 acts to rotate the shaft 6,. to which it is keyed, in a clockwise direction. A slidably keyed sleeve 6a is on the, shaft 6, and the gear wheel? is fastened on said sleeve (see Fig. 6). The shaft 6 acts through the sleeve 64: to rotate the gear 7clockwise, and this gear engages and .drivesthe gear 8 keyed on a sleeve 9 (see Figs. 2, tandfi). The gear 10 is'attached to the gear 8, andengages and drives both gears 11 and 12 to right and left respectively. 1
The gear 8 has twice as many teeth as gear 7 and therefore is rotated only 1/56th' of a revolution every quarter minute. Gears 10, 11 and '12'are all of thesame size and therefore they are alldriven step-by-step 1/56th of a revolution every quarter minute.
Rotating independently within the sleeve 9 (see Fig. 1) are the sleeve 13 and the shaft 1 1; and the end of run arms 15 is fixed to the rear end of the shaft 14 (see Figures 4 and 5). The arrows in Figure 2 indicate the direction in which the various shafts are turned.
The angnlarrelation of the shaft 14,150 the gear 8 and sleeve 9can be adjusted to posi:
" tions 1/56th of a revolution apart by means of an indicating and setting arm 16, on the front end of the shaft 14, which arm carries a spring pin 17 adapted to enter any one of H the circular row of. holes 18 in the graduated disc 19 attached to the sleeve 9.
Attached to the front frame plate (Fig. 1) is a dial plate 20., concentric with the shaft 6. The dial 20 has 2 1 quarter minute graduations around its periphery, and, as the shaft 6 is driven step-by-step the pointer 21 indicates these graduations successively.
As shown in the drawings, the setting arm 16 is secured in the six minute position in the plate 19, and the end of run arm 15 is pawl 4 andl'ockingarm 24. This obviously withdraws the pawl a, freeing the wheel 3, and the parts are'loclred in this position by the end of the lever 24 coming under the latch 25. This latch is held down by the spring 5 which also holds the pawl against the w ieel 3, being attached at one end-tothe latch 25 and at the other. endto a. projection on the long lever 26 attached to the shaft 23 (see Figures 5 and 5a).
The action of the arm 15 just described always occurs at a moment. when thedriving pawl 2 is driving one of the teeth of the wheel 3.
however the )awl 4 havin beenwithdra-wn the wheel 3 is free to rotate backward under the influence of a. we1ght.2( (seeFigures2,
and carriedona cord 28.jwhich passes over. sheaves 29 and 30, thelatter being fixed on the shaft 6. The end of the cordf28 is firs tened'to the periphery of the. sheave 30.(see Fig. 6).
The weight 27 thus acts, to produce a quick. counter-clockwise movement of. the wheel? with corresponding backward movementof wheels 7, 8, 10, 11 and. 12. This continues until a stop pin 31 5) on the. cam 32, attached to the gear 11,strikes the arm 33. which is a bell-crank extension of the latch 25 (see Figs. 3 and 5). This lifts said latch, releases the arm 24, and allowsthe retaining pawl 1 to engage a tooth on the. wheel 3, thereby stopping thesarne in zero position. This is theposition indicated by. the; pointer 21 in Fi ure 1. i p
In order always toinsure a-definite stop at zero, a fixed'stop 3a is provided-(see Fig. 2)
which is attached to the main frame. A stop arm 35 attached to the gear 12 restsagainst this stop 34 when all parts. are. in zeroposition.
This automatic return to Zerooccurs at the endof a cycle of. operation, the duration of which is determined by the setting of the arm 16. Of course, since the master shaft 1 is moving continuously, the drivingpawl 2. will again begin to drive the wheel. 3forward the next time the shaft 1, completes a revolution. This is a quarter minute after. the moment of release of the pawl 41, above described.
It is one of the advantages of my apparatus that the cycle may be operated byhand at any time desired; when, of course, the
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090272542A1 (en) * 2008-05-03 2009-11-05 Frank's Casing Crew And Rental Tools, Inc. Tubular Grip Interlock System

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090272542A1 (en) * 2008-05-03 2009-11-05 Frank's Casing Crew And Rental Tools, Inc. Tubular Grip Interlock System
WO2009137414A1 (en) * 2008-05-03 2009-11-12 Frank's International, Inc. Tubular grip interlock system

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