US1791840A - Embankment for roads, railroads, and the like - Google Patents
Embankment for roads, railroads, and the like Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1791840A US1791840A US174040A US17404027A US1791840A US 1791840 A US1791840 A US 1791840A US 174040 A US174040 A US 174040A US 17404027 A US17404027 A US 17404027A US 1791840 A US1791840 A US 1791840A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- embankment
- water
- frost
- layer
- railroads
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000036366 Sensation of pressure Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005293 physical law Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
- E01B1/008—Drainage of track
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
- E01B1/001—Track with ballast
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B2204/00—Characteristics of the track and its foundations
- E01B2204/07—Drainage
Definitions
- This invention relates to embankments for roads, railroads and the like in cold countries.
- the object of the invention is tocounteract and as far as possible prevent the wellknown rising or swelling of the embankments when the frost breaks up in spring time. 7
- the 'disadvan- .tages of the frost are eliminated by trying to prevent the admittance ofwa'ter to the road embankment or the like during the cold sea son, thus preventing frost formation in the foundations, etc., bylaying in the embankment or the like at suitable depth'one or; more layers of a tight material that does-not transmit water or water vapour.
- condensed water and capillary water are entirely prevented from penetrating 'into the embankment and form frost.
- the said layer should be in'the main parallel with the above surface of the embankment so as to evenly distribute the pressure to the ground below. 7
- the layers may preferably be made out of sheet iron, plane or corrugated, or out of wood or other material that does not transmit water or'water-vapour.
- the tightening layer l may be made out of sheet-iron, suitably galvanized or in other way made rust-proof. It may also be made out of other suitable'tight material.
- the plate 1 In order to prevent sliding of the part of the embankment above the :plate 1, the latter may be provided with angle irons 2, projections or the like in the length direction of the] road; 7 v p
- the plate shown in the figure isplane but may also be corrugated.
- a road, railroad and the like embankment consisting of an earth fill comprising a sheet material and water impervious layer in said fill arranged substantially horizontal under the road; and a substantial layer of earth] between the roadand'the sheet layer, said sheet layerbeing adapted to prevent the ground moistu'reffrom creeping upwardly and depositing in the earth layer-under the road.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Description
Feb. 10, 1931. L. H. POPKE 1,791,840
EMBANKMENT FOR ROADS RAILROADS AND THE LIKE Filed March 9, 1927 //7 van for.-
Patented Feb. 10, 1 931 u NIT a srA'rssr -r LABS HARALD rorxn, or SOLLEFTEA, swnnnn EMBANKME-NT non noAns, :R-AILnoAns, Ann HE LIKE?" Application filed March 9, 1927, Serial No. 174,040; and asweaa nmn 9,4926.
- This invention relates to embankments for roads, railroads and the like in cold countries. The object of the invention is tocounteract and as far as possible prevent the wellknown rising or swelling of the embankments when the frost breaks up in spring time. 7
According to general opinion the frost in the ground is-formed in the following way:
At the first stage of the frost formation the.
water present in the moist soil freezes to ice at the surface. Thereupon ground water penetrates upwards on account of the capillary force and is deposited as ice on the underside of the already formed crust. It has also been believed that water in the form of vapour is conveyed through the. cavities in the groundfrom the deeper moist layers and is condensed below the frozen crust due to the wellknown physical law of the cold wall. The water thus condensed is thereuponfrozen to ice by the chill from the outside. The frost crust is gradually growing in the last named way causing the layers above the frost-proof V swelling occurs due to the frost which is esdepth finally to contain considerably more water than the same would have been able to absorb in an unfrozen state. Thiscauses the frost to break up and the soil. becomessoft,
even practically liquid, and therefore will be less or not at all able to withstand the pres sure exerted by vehicles, horses, etc. In the frozen ground in winter-time also rising or pecially troublesome "in railroad banks.
Above named disadvantages are particularly great when certain kinds of clayare present in the ground.
As above described three differentfactors contribute to the frost formation, namely:
1. Surface water-or free'water;
3. Condensed water.
It has been tried tosreduce the, mentioned disadvantages by laying twig or sandbed:
- dings belowthe road or railroad fembank ment, therebytrying to prevent the frost from. penetrating. into the same. Experience has, however, proved that such [a method not at all or only in a verylittledegree eliminate the said disadvantages.
I According'to this inventionthe 'disadvan- .tages of the frost are eliminated by trying to prevent the admittance ofwa'ter to the road embankment or the like during the cold sea son, thus preventing frost formation in the foundations, etc., bylaying in the embankment or the like at suitable depth'one or; more layers of a tight material that does-not transmit water or water vapour. By this method condensed water and capillary water are entirely prevented from penetrating 'into the embankment and form frost. The said layer should be in'the main parallel with the above surface of the embankment so as to evenly distribute the pressure to the ground below. 7
The layers may preferably be made out of sheet iron, plane or corrugated, or out of wood or other material that does not transmit water or'water-vapour.
The invention is illustrated by wayof example in the accompanying drawing, wherein is shown a cross-section through a road embankment provided with one layer of a tight material.
The tightening layer l may be made out of sheet-iron, suitably galvanized or in other way made rust-proof. It may also be made out of other suitable'tight material. v
In order to prevent sliding of the part of the embankment above the :plate 1, the latter may be provided with angle irons 2, projections or the like in the length direction of the] road; 7 v p The plate shown in the figure isplane but may also be corrugated.
When embedd'ng a layerof tightfmaterial' V in the embankment in accordance with-the invention, the road body above'the same will become safe "against the admittance of condensed water and'capillary water. 4 The cavitiesin the ground above the tightlayer will therefore contain an ordinary quantity of air. -Butfas a1r: 1n .comparlson -w1th 1ce lsa very'b'ad'heat conductor,theroadbodyboth Y I above andbelowthe tight'layer will be much better insulatedagainst the chill. The chill will be muchless able to penetrate down;
"ice. i
through-the embankment so that a consid- Q my hand.
erable decrease in the frost-proof'depth is reached. In fact the ground below the tight layer will also be frost-proof so that the said layer will be embedded practically entirely in frost-proof soil. 7
Iclaim: V
A road, railroad and the like embankment consisting of an earth fill comprising a sheet material and water impervious layer in said fill arranged substantially horizontal under the road; and a substantial layer of earth] between the roadand'the sheet layer, said sheet layerbeing adapted to prevent the ground moistu'reffrom creeping upwardly and depositing in the earth layer-under the road. y r V In testimony whereof I have hereunto set LABS HARALD Po PKE.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE1791840X | 1926-03-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1791840A true US1791840A (en) | 1931-02-10 |
Family
ID=20423607
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US174040A Expired - Lifetime US1791840A (en) | 1926-03-09 | 1927-03-09 | Embankment for roads, railroads, and the like |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1791840A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5007764A (en) * | 1988-04-11 | 1991-04-16 | Poentynen Esko | Insulated trafficked surface |
| US20030178194A1 (en) * | 2002-03-20 | 2003-09-25 | Maxwell Andrews | Method of reducing ground disturbance during freeze-thaw cycles and a subsurface insulation material |
-
1927
- 1927-03-09 US US174040A patent/US1791840A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5007764A (en) * | 1988-04-11 | 1991-04-16 | Poentynen Esko | Insulated trafficked surface |
| US20030178194A1 (en) * | 2002-03-20 | 2003-09-25 | Maxwell Andrews | Method of reducing ground disturbance during freeze-thaw cycles and a subsurface insulation material |
| US6854935B2 (en) * | 2002-03-20 | 2005-02-15 | Maxwell Andrews | Method of reducing ground disturbance during freeze-thaw cycles and a subsurface insulation material |
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