US1790491A - Television scanning system - Google Patents

Television scanning system Download PDF

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Publication number
US1790491A
US1790491A US1790491DA US1790491A US 1790491 A US1790491 A US 1790491A US 1790491D A US1790491D A US 1790491DA US 1790491 A US1790491 A US 1790491A
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Prior art keywords
disk
lines
light
mirrors
scanning
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Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N3/00—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages
    • H04N3/02—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by optical-mechanical means only
    • H04N3/08—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by optical-mechanical means only having a moving reflector

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to television systems, and, particularly, to a methodand means by Which thetelevision subject may rality of built-up horizontal or vertical lines.- ⁇
  • drum scanning and reproducing systems to scan the field by means of a number of successive parallel lines formed from a series of points of light traced across the field.
  • Such scanning action breaks the picture or subject to be transmitted or reproduced into a number of divisions, usually horizontal, although a vertical division is also of the same general type.
  • a spot of ⁇ light is caused tomove horizontally or vertically across the field or subject from one' edge to the other, and then to move once more across the field or subject' along a: parallel line adjustedto but lower than or to the right orv left from the previous line.
  • each'point or line is repeated at a rate'corl responding to the persistency'of vision.
  • vention, ⁇ I have sought to develop a method and means for substantially eliminating the4 undesirable flicker from received television images. 4 if y A.
  • a urtherobject of 'my invention vis to provide a method andmeans by which a ⁇ television Subj ect may be scanned and then reproduced so that diagonal or curved lines in the original subject may be free from any substantial distortion and .will not appear as stepped lines.
  • Still other objects of my invention are' to produce a method and means for scanning and reproducing television subjects which is simple in its construction and arrangement of parts, a system which is easily operated, readily installed, conveniently set up, substantially foolproof in its operation, and eiicient in its use.
  • Fig. 1 represents a suitable means for scanning in a vertical direction
  • Fig. 2 represents a suitable means for scanning in an angular direction to that shown by Fig. 1, or along lines in a horizontal direction.
  • Fig. 3 shows the system of Figs. 1 and 2 combined into a single figure, wherein for the position shown the light from the source will be caused to trace a vertical path upon the picture screen, while for the horizontal path which will be traced upon further rotation of the scanning element, the assumed path is shown by dotted lines.
  • Fig. 4 graphically represents the relationship between the series of lines produced by each of the fixed reflecting ,systems cooperating with the rotatable scanning element.
  • my invention has been directed to a system 'in which the scanning action takes place in a sequential manner hy alternating between horizontal and vertical lines of scanning so that the successive lines by which the picture is analyzed will be at right angles to each other.
  • the angle which successive scanning actions bear to each other may vary within wide degrees, and may be at any angle suitably chosen.
  • the produced picture may appear to be broken up into small squares in- 'stead of lines, but the division between squares will be much dimmer than those between the lines, and therefore less objectionable; and further, the stepped effect is substantially reduced because of the fact that it is entirely different for the two types of scanning, and the combination of the two types of scanning neutralizes the distortions in each direction and the combined picture appears more natural than that produced along either of the component lines of scanning. Further than this, it is possible to 'reduce the flicker to a material extent hecause of the changing in direction of the moving band and because of the 4kfact that the flicker frequency would be substantially changed.
  • mirrors forming the portion 5 of the drum are so tilted and stepped that .they reflect light beams downwardly from the disk or drum along adjacent parallel paths.
  • the drum disk 1 may be mounted in any convenient manner upon a spindle 7, for eX- ample, and rotated from any-desired type of prime mover (not shown), for example, a synchronous motor wh'ose rotation is controlled by incoming television signals of the general type described and claimed in my copending application, Serial ift-322,704, filed November 30, 1928, and driven in the direction indicated by the arrow appearing on the drum disk.
  • the arrangement has been particularly directed to a television reproducing system, wherein, incoming television signals vare arranged to illuminate 4the glow lamp 9 so as to produce a glow therein.
  • the light from the lamp 9 is then directed by means of a lens system 11 so as to project itself as a point source on the drum disk 1 at a point 1 3, for example, as shown.
  • a glow lamp in which the illumination therefrom is as a point source so that it may be more readily focused as a point source upon the individual mirrors forming the series 3 or 5 of the drum disk 1.
  • the point of light focused thereon by means ofthe lenssystem 11 is caused to travel across the-mirror, and thus, due to the change in angular position of each adjacent mirror, the light beam from the glow lamp o'r other appropriate source is reflected along different paths.
  • the light beams issuing from the glow lamp source 9 have been shown as directed against the set of mirrors 3 so as to be reflected in an upward direction from the disk 1 so as to travel along a path 15, for example, where they will impinge upon a stationary mirror 17 and trace paths thereacross in a direction indicated by the arrow.
  • the light is again reflected along a path generally designated as 19, and is projected upon a second stationary mirror 21 from which it is rellected along a path 23, for example, so as to trace lines in a vertical direction upon the screen 25 in a direction thereacross shown by the arrow, so that over half of a revolution v of the disk 1, a completel picture of the teleby the arrow.
  • the stationary mirror 31 is .tilted at an appropriate angle so that light beams reflected therefrom along a path 33, for example, will trace horizontal paths 35 across the screen 25 in the direction as shown It is thus seen' thatthe 'stationary mirrors 17, 2 1 and 31 must be fixed andappropriately located so that the an le of tilting thereof is such that all light refected from the mirror surfaces composing groups of mirrors 3 and5 upon the drum 1 will'eventually-be projected as a point lsource upon the screen 25.
  • the lines by which the picture is reproduced will sequentially or alternately and successively be composed of groups of horizontally extending lines due to the reflection of the group of mirrors 5, and vertically extending parallel lines due to the reflection of the group of mirrors 3 upon the drum disk 1.
  • the drum disk 1 is composed of two distinct sets of mirrors, 3 and 5, and each of these sets of mirrors may preferably be of such a number that the complete picture will be reproduced therefrom, and' supposing, for example, that a fifty line picture were' to be desired, the' drum 1 should carry about its periphery one hundred distinct mirror surfaces.
  • This-number of mirrors would be-divided into two groups, 3 and 5, wherein, the fifty mirrors of group 3 should'all be arranged to reflect light in an upward direction, for example, from the disk, and the fifty mirrors of group 5 should be arranged to reflect light in a downward direction from the drum.
  • associated reflector system cooperating with one portion of the said mirror disk for scan ning and reproducing a television subjectV along a parallel set direction across the subject
  • a second reflector system cooperating with the second portion of said mirror disk for scanning andreproducing the same subject along a second set of parallel lines extending at an angular direction to said first named .set of scanning and reproducing lines, and means operable upon each half revolution of said disk for cyclically changing. from one to the other of said sets of scanning' and reproducing lines ata rate commensurate with the persistency of vision.
  • a screen for re-A producing a television subject a rotary scanningelement and a reflector system cooperating with a portion thereof for illuminating said screen along series of parallel. aths eX- tending transverse thereto, a secon reflector system cooperating with the second portion of said rotary scanning element for illuminating said screen at a later period of time along a set of parallel lines extending longitudinally thereof, and means dependent upon the rate of revolution of said rotary scanning element for alternately and successively changing from one to the other of said paths of illumination at a rate equal to that necessary to effectively maintain the impression that all of said lines are being continuously illuminated.
  • a scanning and reproducingr disk In a television system, a scanning and reproducingr disk, a plurality of sets of fixed reflecting bodies associated with said disk, a light sourcejor projecting light upon said disk, and means provided by said disk for tracing on said reflecting bodies a plurality of parallel paths of an intensity corresponding to the intensity of light and shadow on a picture subj ect, and means provided by said disk for cyclically shifting the said parallelly projected lines of lillumination from one to the other of said reflecting bodies at periods when light values corresponding to the entire television subject have been projected upon each of said mirrors.
  • a scanning and reproducing disk a plurality of sets of oppositely tilted mirrors about the periphery thereof, said mirrors being arranged in sets for alternately and successively projecting light impinging thereon in an upward and downward direction from the plane of said disk, whereby light impinging upon said disk may be caused to trace a pair of paths each composed of a group of parallelly extending lines extending at an angular direction with respect to each other.
  • a scanninv and reproducing disk a plurality of sets oiJ mirrors arranged about the periphery of said disk, one of said sets of mirrors being arranged to deliect light impinging thereon along a set of parallel lines upwardly from the plane of said disk, and the other of said sets of mirrors being arranged to project light downwardly from the plane of said disk along a setof parallelly extending lines, a mirror surface positioned above said disk along the path of reected light beams therefrom, a screen, means associated with said mirror for tracing paths of illumination upon said screen in a direction extending vertical thereof, a mirror arranged beneath said disk for tracing paths of illumina-tion upon said screen in a. horizontal direction, and means for rotating said disk and changing from one toanother of said paths at a rate commensurate with the persistency of vision.
  • a television system for scanning and reproducing television subjects including a light source, a rotating disk arranged in the path ofsaid light, a plurality of sets of mirrors arrangedabout the periphery of said disk, one of said sets of mirrors being arranged to continuously project the light imarranged to pro] disk for cyclically 'pinging upon the periphery thereof alonga set of parallel lines in a plane above said disk, and the other of said sets of mirrors -ect the light impinging thereon along a set of parallel lines in a plane beneath said disk, a screen for reproducing a television image, a mirror positioned beneath said disk for reiecting the light projected thereon from said disk as a plurality ot' sets of parallel lines and tracing the same across said screen as a set of parallel lines horizontally thereof, a mirror positioned above said disk for reflecting the light beams projected as parallel paths of light upwardly from said disk, and a second diagonally positioned mirror associated with said last named mirror for tracing the light beams
  • a television system a screen for reproducing a television image, a scanning and reproducing disk, a light source for projecting light upon said disk, a plurality of sets of mirrors arranged about the periphery ot' said disk, one of said sets of mirrors being arranged to deflect light impinging thereon along a set of parallel lines upwardly from the plane of said disk, and the other of said sets of mirrors being arranged to project light downwardly from the plane of said disk along a set of parallelly extending lines, a mirror surfacepositioned above said disk along the path of reflected light beams therefrom, means associated with said mirror for tracing parallel paths of light upon said screen in a direction extending vertical thereof, a mirror arranged beneath said disk for ltracing parallel paths of light upon said screen in a horizontal direction, and means Jfor rotating said disk and changing from one to another of said paths at a rate commensurate with the persistency of vision.
  • A. system for scanning and reproducing television subjects including a source of illamination, a rotating disk arranged in the path of said illumination,'a plurality of sets of mirrors arranged about the periphery of said disk, one of said sets of mirrors being arranged to continuously project the light ilnpinging thereupon along a set of parallel lines upwardly from said disk, and the other of said sets of mirrors arranged to project the light impinging thereon along a set of parallel lines downwardly from said disk, a screen for reproducing a television image, means positioned beneath said disk for reiecting the light projected in one direction from said disk and cause said light to focus on said screen to' trace a set of parallelly extending lines horizontally of said screen,
  • a scanning and reproducing elementr having a set of upwardly tilted mirrors and a set of downwardly y zoftilt'ed mirrors about the periphery thereof for projecting light impinging thereon in an upward and downward directionfrom the plane of said disk, and a plurality of fixed reliecting systems cooperating therewith whereby'light impinging upon said disk may be caused to trace alternately a pair of paths each composed of'a group of parallelly extending lines each extending at an angular direction with respect to each other.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mechanical Optical Scanning Systems (AREA)
  • Transforming Electric Information Into Light Information (AREA)
US1790491D 1929-04-01 Television scanning system Expired - Lifetime US1790491A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US347435TA 1929-04-01 1929-04-01

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US1790491A true US1790491A (en) 1931-01-27

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US1790491D Expired - Lifetime US1790491A (en) 1929-04-01 Television scanning system

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US (1) US1790491A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE582730C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB347435A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2417704A (en) * 1947-03-18 System for using the scanning beam
US2961918A (en) * 1958-10-22 1960-11-29 Francis H Nadig High speed campera
US2976361A (en) * 1956-04-12 1961-03-21 Faximile Inc Continuous scanner with warped mirror
US2976362A (en) * 1956-04-12 1961-03-21 Faximile Inc Continuous scanner
US3147664A (en) * 1959-06-29 1964-09-08 Ideal Toy Corp Variable elevation target projection system with rotary mirror assembly
US3328523A (en) * 1964-07-24 1967-06-27 Ibm Scanning apparatus
US3510571A (en) * 1966-02-04 1970-05-05 Agfa Gevaert Ag Light beam modulation and combination apparatus
US3601480A (en) * 1968-07-10 1971-08-24 Physics Int Co Optical tunnel high-speed camera system
US3626091A (en) * 1969-12-11 1971-12-07 Hughes Aircraft Co Image converter
US3632871A (en) * 1969-04-25 1972-01-04 Raytheon Co Optical scanning device
US3678492A (en) * 1970-10-26 1972-07-18 Hughes Aircraft Co Opto-electronic scene monitoring system
US9485392B1 (en) * 1981-03-20 2016-11-01 Qinetiq Limited Scanned imaging systems

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1006090C2 (nl) * 1997-05-20 1998-12-07 Henk Slebos Universeel en multifunctioneel bouwelement.

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2417704A (en) * 1947-03-18 System for using the scanning beam
US2976361A (en) * 1956-04-12 1961-03-21 Faximile Inc Continuous scanner with warped mirror
US2976362A (en) * 1956-04-12 1961-03-21 Faximile Inc Continuous scanner
US2961918A (en) * 1958-10-22 1960-11-29 Francis H Nadig High speed campera
US3147664A (en) * 1959-06-29 1964-09-08 Ideal Toy Corp Variable elevation target projection system with rotary mirror assembly
US3328523A (en) * 1964-07-24 1967-06-27 Ibm Scanning apparatus
US3510571A (en) * 1966-02-04 1970-05-05 Agfa Gevaert Ag Light beam modulation and combination apparatus
US3601480A (en) * 1968-07-10 1971-08-24 Physics Int Co Optical tunnel high-speed camera system
US3632871A (en) * 1969-04-25 1972-01-04 Raytheon Co Optical scanning device
US3626091A (en) * 1969-12-11 1971-12-07 Hughes Aircraft Co Image converter
US3678492A (en) * 1970-10-26 1972-07-18 Hughes Aircraft Co Opto-electronic scene monitoring system
US9485392B1 (en) * 1981-03-20 2016-11-01 Qinetiq Limited Scanned imaging systems

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Publication number Publication date
DE582730C (de) 1933-08-21
GB347435A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1931-04-30

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