US1789457A - Apparatus for extruding matter - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 20, 1931. .1. E. BoYNToN 1,789,457

APPARATUS FOR EXTR'JUING UNIT Original Filed Dec. 22, 1.925 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jan. 20, 1931. J. BoYNToN 1,789,457

APPARATUS FOR EXTRUDING MATTER Original Filed Dec. 22', 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 @g2 Jan. 20, 1931. J. E. BoYNToN 1,789,457

APPARATUS FOR EXTRUDING MATTER Original Filed Deo. 22. 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 E In 5 by Am?.

Patented Jan. 20, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT' OFFICE JOHN EDSON BOYNTON, OF OAK PAEX, ILLINOIS,l ASSIGNOB T0 WESTERN ELEC- TRIC COMPANY, INCORPORATED, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION 0F NEW YORK APPARATUS FOB EXTBUDING MATTER Original application filed December 22, 1925, Serial No. 76,954. Divided and this application led lay 31, 1929. Serial No. 367,204.

This invention relates to a method of and apparatus for extruding matter, and more particularly to an apparatus for extruding metals, and is a division of my copending ap- An object of the invention is to provide improved means `for preventing leakage between joined portions of apparatus employing very high pressures.

In its preferred form the invention comprises improvements in the extruding machine described in detail in my copending application, Serial No. 711,763, filed May 8, 1924 and issued July 16, 1929 as Patent 1,720,759.

A feature of the invention is an improved mechanical construction wherein the cylinders of the pump which are employed to pump the liquid matter in such a manner as to force a head of solid matter through an extruding orifice, are formed in a single casting or forging to allow for the passage of the matter to be extruded. A recess in the jointure between the member referred to and the head member allows the insertion of a pipe for the circulation of a #cooling element such as air or water, the matter extruded being solidified by this means to prevent leakage thereof through the oint made by the two members.

'lhe intake passage for admitting extrudable matter to each pump is provided with an improved inta-ke valve wherein a valve member is provided of lighter Weight than an equal volume of the matter extruded, the valve member being thereby adapted to ioat to its seat to close the intake passage. The seat is provided within a member having a portion of cylindrical cross section, the. lower portion thereof having a wedge-like or feathered edge. A conical gland is provided having a port to permit passage of matter therethrough so that the member of cylindrical cross section may be forced with a wedge-like action between the gland and the side walls of the passageway to which the valve is adapted to supply matter.

Other objects and features of the invention tion progresses, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein Fig. l is a side elevation, partly in section,

of an extruding machine embodying the features of the invention, part of the view being cut away;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical section of that portion of the apparatus of Fig. 1 which has been cut away and shows one embodiment of apparatus for maintaining adeinite predetermined temperature in a portion of the extruding machine;

Fig. 3 is a sectional View of a modified form of apparatus for maintaining a definite predetermined temperature such as would be taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1 if the ap aratus were constructed to employ the modi ed type of apparatus;

Fig. 4 shows a longitudinal central sectional view of the modified apparatus shown in Fig. 3, the section being taken on the line 4 4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of the valve for controlling the volume of liquid admitted into the apparatus shown in Figs. 3 and 4;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion of the mechanism shown in section in Fig. 1, and

Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken on the line 7-7 of Fig. 6.

Referring now to the accompanying drawings wherein like numerals designate similar members throughout the several views, the reference numeral 10 designates a base plate upon which is mounted the mechanism of an improved extruding machine embodying the main features of the invention. The

main details of the mechanism together with will become apparent as the detailed descrip-'anism shown in Fig. 1 will now be given. A

standard 11 is held in spaced relation to a cylinder member 12 by a luralty of spacingr rods 13 and tie rods-14, t e cylinder member 12'and the standard 11 being held in an upright position by suitable means such as bolts l5-15. A shaft 17 leading to a suitable source of power (not shown) distributes the power evenly to a plurality of other shafts 18 the matter into the extruding chamber. A

check valve 31 in each one of the ducts 30 prevents a back iow of extrudable matter and a valve member 32, which will be described more in detail hereinafter, permits a iiow of the matter such as molten lead or lead alloy from a suitable source through suitable ducts to the ducts 30. A head member 33 is secured by suitable means to the cylinder member 12,

an aperture being provided in the jointure to permit the insertion of la pipe 34 through which temperature regulating fluid may be l passed for the purpose of solidifying any portions of the matter being extruded which may be forced within the joint between the two members, to prevent leakage therethrough. The head member 33.is provided with an annular passage 35, which forms the main extrusion chamber of the machine, and a core tube assembly designated generally by the numeral 36 extends into the chamber 35 and cooperates with a die member 37 which is secured to the head member 33 by a die holding nut 38 and may be adjusted longitudinally by a die block 39 to shape the material -being extruded.

The mechanism is particularly adapted to the extrusion of lead or other similar metals or alloys which melt at a comparatively low temperature. As described in Patent 1,7 20,- 759 referred to above, the material is pumped continuously in a liquid state and then solidiied while in the extrusion chamber 35, the material being forced out through an extrusion opening 1n the form of a solid. When employing the extruding mechanism for this purpose it may be desirable to provide means whereby the head member 33 together with a portion of the material contained therein may be maintained at a definite predetermined temperature.

A structure is shown in Fig. 2 by means of which this can be accomplished, this structure being adapted for use where the jhead member 33 is analogous in structure to the form thereof shown 1n section in Fig. 1. In this portion 'of the structure containers 40 jigsaw? and 140 surround the extruding head 33 and are ada ted to contain a liquid with which the hea member of the extruding mechanism will be cooled. A condenser designated generally by the numeral 41 surmounts the containers 40 and 140 and is adapted to condense vapors arising from said containers by means of a plurality of ducts 42 extending obliquely through a condenser chamber 43, the ducts 42 bein cooled by the circulation therethrough o a suitable cooling liquid. A passagewa 45 is provided from the containers 40 an 140 and to the condenser chamber 43 for the purpose of permitting vapors arising from said containers to enter the condenser chamber, and a bifurcated pipe 46 is suitably ositioned with respect to the condenser c amber to conduct the condensed vapor back to the containers 40 and 140. -An L-shaped chamber 47 partially encloses the condenser chamber 43, the ducts 42 extending from one portion of the L-shaped chamber to another and being in communication therewith, there being, however, no interconnection between the condenser chamber 43 and the L-shaped chamber 47 such as to permit liquid contained in the chamber 47 actually entering the chamber 43 but only into the ducts 42. A vapor passagewa 50 permits discharge of vapor member 47 and an indicator glass 51 suit,

ably mounted with respect to the chamber indicates the amount of liquid contained therein.

4The operation of the cooling mechanism described above is briefly as follows: Either or both of the containers 40 and 140 are. filled to a suitable hei ht with a liquid, the boiling point of which bears a predetermined relationship to, or may possibly coincide eX- actly with, the temperature sought to be maintained within the head member 33 which is substantially the temperature at which the lead or other material will be extruded. The flow of hot extrudable matter through the chamber 35 causes a heating of the head member 33, the consequent boiling of the liquid within the containers 40 and 140 and the vaporization of a portion thereof, the resulting vapor arising into'the condenser chamber 43. The uncondensed portion of the liquid within the containers 40 and 140 is prevented from exceeding the boiling temperature thereof by the liberation of the latent heat required for the vaporization of portions of the liquid. The vapor arising into the chamber 43 strikes against the relatively cool ducts 42 and is condensed, the resulting condensate flowing along the exteriors of the ducts 42 and being conducted again to the containers 40 and 140 in the original form of liquid through the pipe 46. The liquid contained within the L-shaped chamber' 47 and the ducts 42 is preferably one that boils at a considerably lower temperature than the liquid within the containers and 140, and the heat required for the vaporization of this liquid can be employed to keep it at a sulliciently low temperature so that it will act to condense the vapor arising from theihigher boiling point liquid.

lVhen employing the extruding machine for the purpose of covering cable cores with a sheath of lead-antimony alloy, the liquid used in the containers 40 and 140 may be nitro-benzol, benzyl-alcohol, ethyl-benzoate or any similar liquid which boils at approximately the temperature desired to be maintained. The liquid utilized in the L-shaped chamber 47 may be water. l-Vhen employing two liquids having different boiling temperatures with the construction shown and for the purpose indicated, substantially atmospheric pressures can be maintained throughout the whole cooling system, the cooling effect being obtained solely by utilizing the heat of vaporization of the two liquids.

lVhen employing a mechanism of the class described for the purpose of extruding metals or such other materials as must be handled under high pressures, it is necessary to prevent leakage in places where portions of the mechanism arejoined together. In the extruding mechanism described in Patent 1,720,759, referred to above and in the improved form thereof which is the subject matter of the present invention, it is particularly desirable that the intake passage and the check valve associated therewith be of such a nature as to positively prevent leakage therearound or back flow into the source of supply of the matter being handled. Figs. 6 and 7 show enlarged views of the valvularmember referred to above and generally designated in Fig. 1 by the numeral 32. A member 55, a portion of which has substantially cylindrical conformation, is provided with a lower portion, individual `sections along the wall of which lower portion are wedge-like in shape. A gland member 56 having ports 60 cooperates with the side wall of a recess in a portion of the cylinder member 12 to which the intake passage leads, to form a circular crevice into which the lower portion of the member is adapted to extend. The member 55 is preliminarily brought into position by means of bolts 57. A valvular member 58, which is :hewn in the accompanying drawings as a sphere, cooperates with a seat 59 to form a valve by means of which the flow of liquid matter to the mechanism may be controlled. A threaded portion of the member 61 permits a pipe 62 to be secured thereto, the pipe 62 (Fig. 1) leading to a suitable source of supply of liquid matter (not shown).

As shown in the accompanying drawing (Figs. 6 and 7), when the member 55 is brought into tight engagement between the gland 56 and the walls of the ducts-in the cylinder member 12, whatever pressure is built up Within the bore 30 which constitutes' 'Ill the associated parts is closer and any movey ment of gland 56 which may occur will increase the effectiveness of the seal. In this manner the force employed to extrude the matter is utilized to prevent leakage thereof. The action of the valvular member 58 is such that when the piston 27 is withdrawn on its return stroke the valvular member will drop to the tip of the gland 56 as shown in a solid line position in Fig. 6. This permits downward passage of matter around the valvular member 58 and through the ports 6() in the gland 56. When the piston 27 begins its forward stroke the valvular member 58, being of steel or other material lighter than lead, will float to its seat 59 and whatever pressure is built up within the port 30 forces it more` tightly against its seat until the return stroke of the piston 27.

Figs. 3, 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawings show a modified form of mechanism by means of which the heat of vaporization of a liquid may be utilized to maintain selected portions of the extruding mechanism at a predetermined temperature. Referring particularly to Fig. 4, the reference numeral 65 designates a head member of an eXtruding mechanism corresponding to the member 33 as shown in Fig. 1. The member 65 is provided with a recess in which the core tube assembly 36 may be contained and the member 65 may be secured to the cylinder member 12 by suitable means, a temperature controlling pipe 34 being provided for the purpose of preventing leakage as described above. A chamber in the member 65 surmo-unted by a donie 71, which is integral therewith, is adapted to contain a liquid which is utilized to cool the head member 65, the dome 71 functioning to receive the vapor arising from the liquid contained in the chamber 70. The temperature of the liquid contained within the chamber 7() is regulated by controlling the pressure maintained within the dome 71, a valve 75 being regulable to permit the exhaust of vapor from the dome 7l when the pressure therein is beyond a predetermined amonnt, and a pressure gauge 76 is provided to furnish the operator with means for learning the pressure condition within the do-me 71.

Since the chamber 7 O is maintained at the temperature desired by employing the heat of vaporization of liquid contained therein, it becomes necessary to resupply it with liquid, and it is furthermore desirable that the liquid be maintained at a definite and uniform level. Duplicate mechanism is shown lll' in the accompanying drawings for accomplishing this purpose, but since the two units areidentical, for the purpose of simplifying the description, they will be described as a "ingle unit. An auxiliary tank is positioned above the chamber 70 and is adapted to contain a reserve supply of the liquid which is employed, a pipe 81 communicating therewith and leading to a source of supply of the liquid (not shown), and a valve 82 being provided therein to discontinue or permit the flow of liquid from the source of suply into the auxiliary tank' 8O as desired. guitable means is provided such as an indicator glass 85 for the purpose of readily showing the amount of liquid -Within the auxiliary tank. A pipe 86 equipped with a valve 87 leads to a valve chamber 88 partly positioned within the dome 71 and a valve stem 90 (Figs. 4 and 5) which is actuated by a float 91 in cooperation with an arm 92 which is loosely pivoted at 93 cooperates with the valve to stop the flow of liquid from the auxiliary tank 80 to the chamber 7 0 in a manner and for a purpose which will be described more in detailV hereinafter. A vapor transmitting pipe 95 'communicating with the upper portion of the tank 80, is provided with a valve 96 and terminates in -a valve chamber 97 which valve chamber is partially within the dome 71 and cooperates with a valve stem 98 which is controlled by the action of the arm 92 is described to close or open, as the case may be, the vapor passageway.

The mechanism functions in the following manner: When the level of the liquid within the chamber 70 is lowered, the float 91 is permitted to drop gravitationally and raise the valve stem 98 to permit the vapor pressure within the dome 71 to be extended to the upper portion of the auxiliary tank 80 through the pipe 95. This creates a pressure above the liquid within the auxiliary tank 80 whlch corresponds with that above the liquid within the chamber 70. At the same time the valve stem 90 is lowered, thereby permitting a flow of liquid from the tank 8O through the pipe 86, this being accomplished by gravity since the pressures within the tank and chamber have now become equalized. When the liquid has reached its proper level the raising of the float 91 causes a seating of the two valves, thus discontinuing all communication between the auxiliary tank and the chamber 7 0. When it is necessary to replenish the liquid in the auxiliary tank 80 the valves 87 and 96 leading to one of the units are closed and a supply of liquid admittedthrough the pipe 81 by opening the valve 82. When the liquid has reached a sulicient height as indicated in the Glass 85, the valve 82 is closed and the valves 8177 and 96 reopened whereupon the unit is again in conditlon to function as described. It is obvious thatv while the liquid is bein replenished inA tank 80 of one of the units t e op osin unit will function for the purpose an e int e manner described. It is apparent. that any suitable liquid ma be used when employing a mechanism em odying the features described, but on account of the cheapness'and ready accessibility of water, this liquid is preferred. Although good results may be obtained by employing the device with any class of extruding apparatus, particularly good results are obtained by utilizing it with the apparatus for producing flux core solder described 1n my copending application, Serial No. 18,133, filed March 25, 1925 and issued December 31, 1929 as Patent 1,741,813.

When employing either type of cooling device utilizing the heat of vaporization; namely, either the device disclosed in Figs. 1 and 2 or the embodiment shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5, it may be desirable for elicient operation of extruding machines to provide means for cooling the lead or other extrudable matter within the region of the die. To accomplish this result the die positioning member 39 may be formed with an annular chamber designated in the drawings by the numeral 139 for the purpose of introducing cooling material at this point. The material introduced may vary depending upon the specific results desired Without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and the material introduced therein may be either circulated or permitted to vaporize as desired and consonant with the results to be obtained. It is preferable to employ water in the annular chamber 139 and maintain the water constantly at the boiling temperature by utilizing the heat of vaporization in the manner described in connection with the other .portions of the mechanism. Any suitable inlets or outlets (not shown) may be provided, of course, to introduce the cooling material into the annular chamber.

When employing the improved extruding machine, which is the subject matter of the present invention, it is preferable that molten lead'or other extrudable matter be introduced into the cylinders at a temperature only slightly above the melting temperature thereof so that the lead will have. to be cooled only a slight amount before solidcation before it is discharged from' the extruding orifice. It is also desirable that the temperature of the lead be closely regulated so that too large a body of solid lead will not exist in the extrudingv chamber 35 because obviously the power required in the extruding operation is greatly increased when the volume of solid lead is increased. The embodiment shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is of particular utility for this reason because the three places in which cooling material can be introduced, namel the containers 40 and 140 and the annular c amber'139 in the die positioning member 39, can

be used in a number of ways. For instance, liquids having different boiling points may be used in each one of the three containers in which event, of course, where a condenser is employed a different condenser would have to be used in connection with each one of the containers. At other times, particularly when starting the machine, either one or all of the containers 40 or 140 or the annular chamber 139 may be drained in order to more accurately control the temperature of the lead or u It is obvious that plurality of cooling means is therefore ap parent.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 3 and 4 only one chamber is shown, but it is obvious that a plurality of chambers of this same general construction could be employed in order to more closely regulate the temperature of the matter being extruded. Although specific details are shown in the drawings and described in the specification, it is obvious that these details constitute only one embodiment of applicants invention, which is to be limited accordingly only by the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a machine for extruding matter, a head member having a chamber provided with an extruding orifice, a plunger,`means for reciprocating said plunger, a member containing a duct cooperating with said plunger to form a pump for forcing the matter into said chamber and through the orifice, and means for changing the state of the matter within the joint between said head member and said second recited member to prevent leakage of said matter through said joint.

2. In a machine for extruding matter, a. head member having a chamber provided with an extruding orifice, a plurality of plungers, a member containing a plurality of ducts adapted to cooperate with the plungers to form pumps, means for associating the head member with the member containing a plurality of ducts, means for reciprocating the plungers to force the matter into the chamber and through the extruding orifice, and means for changing the state of the mat- A ter within the joint between the head member and the member containing a plurality of ducts to prevent leakage of the matter through the joint.

3. In a machine for extruding matter, a pair of parts in abutting relation having channels through which molten matter is forced, and means associated with said parts containing a cooling medium for solidifying matter forced between said parts to effect a seal against the leakage of matter.

4. In an extrusion machine, a pair of abutting parts forming a channel for the passage of fused matter to be extruded, the adjacent faces of said parts being formed with grooves, and a conduit mounted in said grooves for the circulation of a cooling fluid to solidify the fused matter passing between said parts to thereby effect a seal against the leakage of the matter.

5. In a machine for extruding matter,'a container for molten matter under pressure comprising two members contiguously placed and forming a joint therebetween, and means for cooling the joint to solidify matter therein and thereby prevent leakage of the matter through the joint.

6. In a machine for extruding matter, a container for molten matter comprising two members contiguously placed and forming a joint therebetween, and means for circulating a cooling medium ad'acent the joint to solidify matter therein an prevent leakage of the matter through the 'oint'.

7 In an extruding mac ine, a plurality of parts cooperating to form a container for fused matter under pressure, said parts being disposed in abutting relation thereby forming a joint between adjacent parts, and means for maintaining a portion of the joint below the melting point of the fused matter to thereby solidify the fused matter passing through said joint and form a seal against further leakage. v

8. n a cable extrusion press, a contamer for molten metal comprising two members i conti ously placed and forming a joint there etween, the adjacent surfaces of said members being provided with an yannular groove, and a conduit for cooling liquid positioned in said groove and designed to maintain a portion of the joint adjacent the groove below the melting point of the molten metal to thereby seal the joint against leakage. A

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 22nd day of May, A. D. 1929. JOHN EDSON BOYNTON.-

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