US1895295A - Apparatus for the distribution of gases under pressure by means of liquefied gases - Google Patents

Apparatus for the distribution of gases under pressure by means of liquefied gases Download PDF

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Publication number
US1895295A
US1895295A US32689528A US1895295A US 1895295 A US1895295 A US 1895295A US 32689528 A US32689528 A US 32689528A US 1895295 A US1895295 A US 1895295A
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gases
cylinder
pump
distribution
liquefied
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Picard Charles
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Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Air Liquide SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/10—Valves; Arrangement of valves
    • F04B53/1002—Ball valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B15/00—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts
    • F04B15/06—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts for liquids near their boiling point, e.g. under subnormal pressure
    • F04B15/08—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts for liquids near their boiling point, e.g. under subnormal pressure the liquids having low boiling points
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B23/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04B23/02—Pumping installations or systems having reservoirs
    • F04B23/021—Pumping installations or systems having reservoirs the pump being immersed in the reservoir
    • F04B23/023—Pumping installations or systems having reservoirs the pump being immersed in the reservoir only the pump-part being immersed, the driving-part being outside the reservoir
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/08—Cooling; Heating; Preventing freezing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/10—Valves; Arrangement of valves
    • F04B53/1037—Flap valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B7/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving
    • F04B7/04—Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving in which the valving is performed by pistons and cylinders coacting to open and close intake or outlet ports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0128—Shape spherical or elliptical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/032—Orientation with substantially vertical main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/01—Reinforcing or suspension means
    • F17C2203/014—Suspension means
    • F17C2203/018—Suspension means by attachment at the neck
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0631—Three or more walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0103—Exterior arrangements
    • F17C2205/0107—Frames
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0388—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters
    • F17C2205/0391—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters inside the pressure vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/011—Oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/035—High pressure, i.e. between 10 and 80 bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F17C2227/0142—Pumps with specified pump type, e.g. piston or impulsive type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0171—Arrangement
    • F17C2227/0178—Arrangement in the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0304—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using an electric heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S417/00—Pumps
    • Y10S417/901—Cryogenic pumps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/6416—With heating or cooling of the system
    • Y10T137/6606—With electric heating element

Definitions

  • This invention relates to methods and apparatus for distribution of gases under pressure by means ofV liquefied gases, for example for distributing gaseous oxygen under pres-v sure by means of vliquid oxygen.
  • the present invention has for its object to obviate the disadvantages-above referred to.
  • the liquefied gas is introduced into containers under no or almost no pressure and is converted, near the place where it is to be used, into gas under pressure by means of a liquid pu-mp and a vaporizer.
  • the pump is located in the container and discharges into the vaporizer; consequently, as the pressure is created by the pump, thisl pressure, and the parts of the apparatus to which itis applied, can be controlled; when the pump is not working, these latter may be limited to a simple receptacle of the usual character filled with gas at a pressure of about 150 kilograms per square centimetre. ⁇
  • Another feature of the present invention consists in the special constructionof theforce pump for the liquelied gas as will be described hereinafter.
  • 'R is a container for the liquefied gas in which it is transported or whlc'h is permanently located at the place where it is to be used.
  • a pump carried on the frame B and consisting of two main parts: the compression cylinder and the mechanism controlling the piston; thesetwo parts are connected together by tubes or rods preferably of metal of poor heat conductivity and of dimensions as small as possible in order to reduce the calorific capacity thereof.
  • Only the compression cylinder C dips into the liquefied gas, the control mechanism being completelyoutside the receptacle R.
  • This cylinder C is connected to the pump control mechanism by means of a thin tube T preferably made of a metal of poor heat conductivity.
  • the cylinder C reciprocates a plunger piston P, preferably provided with grooves, and connected to the sliding guide head X ⁇ by a thin rod or a tube E, which is also preferably made of'a metal which is a poor conductor of heat.
  • the piston P may be metallic or"constructed of plastic materials, such as a series of discs of dressedleather, etc.
  • the cylinder C is provided with lports LI It has furthermore been-found necessary,
  • the cylinder C is provided with gills .U of sufficient surface to dissipate the heat developed in the body of the pump and thus prevent vaporization of the liquid in the interior of the cylinder C.
  • the pump 1s provided Iat its lower I art with a discharge valve the seat -ofrwhich 1s prefer- 100 abl made of slightly plastic material, such as bre which has been recognized as providing a tight joint, or of pure copper; the valve may be constituted by a simple ball.
  • the inlet ports are covered with very linev metallic gauze C capable of stopping the particles of ice and solid carbon dioxide generally ound in liquid oxygen.
  • a sleeve M of smaller diameter than the guide I-I and a flat part N prevent the lubricating oil from the slide falling into the cylinder C and into the container R.
  • a convenient method of effecting this heating, when the pumpis worked electrically, consists in passing the current through a heating resistance situated in the vaporizer and which only acts when the pump is working, being automatically cut out of the circuit on the stoppage of the pump.
  • the electric current is supplied to the motor l actuating thepump from the source of power 2-3 through a switch 4; the heating resistance 5, situated 1n the' Wall of the vaporizer G, is shunted on the circuit of the pump at 6 7, after the' switch 4, so 'that this switch, when turned on, supplies the current simultaneously to the motor 1 and tothe heating resistance.
  • the pressure of the gas may be as high as desired; if it is necessary to maintain a pressure approximately constant in the supply pipes, there may be attached to the pump an automatic starter which starts the pump working when the pressure in the pipes tends to drop and which stops it when the pressure is sufficiently high.
  • Ic1aim In a pump for liquefied gases at low boiling-point, a cylinder dipping in the liqueliedt gases and means for dissi-pating the heat developed in the cylinder by the movement of the piston in its cylinder.
  • a cylinder dipping in the liqueied gases, means for dissipating the heat developed in the cylinder bythe movement of the piston inv its cylinder and a discharge valve the seat thereof beingmade of copper.
  • a pump forliqueied gases electrically driven by a motor and forcing the liqueed gases into a vaporizer heating means for electrically heating the vaporizer by the electric current which supplies the said motor and means for cutting automatically the said heating means out of the circuit on the stoppage 6.
  • a cylinder dipping in the liqueied y gases provided with suction and discharge valves, means for dissipatingthe heat developed in the cylinder by the movement of the piston in its cylinder and ports situated in the wall oi? the cylinder, vthe upper edges of them being substantially flush with the under face of the piston at the end of its suction stroke.

Description

l t e v e h4 s j 2 PICARD Filed DeC. 18, 1928'.
PRESSURE BY MEANS OF LIQUEFIED GASES Jan. 24, 1933.-
' APrARATus PoR THE DISTRIBUTION oF GAsEs UNDER half/95 Pian/'d 4 wem Jan. 24, 1933. C, PlCARD APPARATUS FOR THE DISTRIBUTION 0F GASES UNDER PRESSURE BY MEANS 0F LIQUEFIED GASES 2 Shets-Sheet. 2
Cdgj Inventor Filed Dec. Y1s, 1928 Attorneys Patented Ju. 24, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENTl OFFICE i CHARLES PICAB'ID,l OF J'OINVILLE LE PONT, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR T0 UAB LIQUIDE SOCIT ANONm POUR LETUDE & LEXVPIDITATION CLAUDE, OF PARIS, FRANCE APPARATUS POB THE DISTRIBUTION F DES PBOCEDES GEORGES @sans UNDER rnrssvmi BY' or* LIQUEFIED GASES Application illed December V18, 1928, Serial No. 326,895, and in France December 20, 19W.
This invention relates to methods and apparatus for distribution of gases under pressure by means ofV liquefied gases, for example for distributing gaseous oxygen under pres-v sure by means of vliquid oxygen. I
The arrangements heretofore proposed for such a distribution of oxygen necessitate an apparatgs-ffrom which certain dan ers may arise on account of the pressure eveloped therein by the vaporization of the liquid oxygen itself and further on account of the impossibility of preventing the entrance of heat from the exterior so that a spontaneous vaporization cannot be prevented when gaseous oxygen is not Withdrawn with the resulting possibility of an increase of the pressure beyond permissible limits.
The present invention has for its object to obviate the disadvantages-above referred to. For this purpose according to the invention the liquefied gas is introduced into containers under no or almost no pressure and is converted, near the place where it is to be used, into gas under pressure by means of a liquid pu-mp and a vaporizer.
Preferably the pump is located in the container and discharges into the vaporizer; consequently, as the pressure is created by the pump, thisl pressure, and the parts of the apparatus to which itis applied, can be controlled; when the pump is not working, these latter may be limited to a simple receptacle of the usual character filled with gas at a pressure of about 150 kilograms per square centimetre.`
Another feature of the present invention consists in the special constructionof theforce pump for the liquelied gas as will be described hereinafter.
In order that the said -invention maybe clearly understood and'readily carried into effect the same will be more fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings which illustrate diagrammatically and by way Y of example an apparatus for carryinout the present method, and in which igure 1 1s a view of the plant as a whole, Figure 2 a detail view of the pump, and Figure 3 a section on the line A- B of 2' Figure,
'R is a container for the liquefied gas in which it is transported or whlc'h is permanently located at the place where it is to be used. Into this container there is introduced through the part open to the air a pump carried on the frame B and consisting of two main parts: the compression cylinder and the mechanism controlling the piston; thesetwo parts are connected together by tubes or rods preferably of metal of poor heat conductivity and of dimensions as small as possible in order to reduce the calorific capacity thereof. Only the compression cylinder C dips into the liquefied gas, the control mechanism being completelyoutside the receptacle R. This cylinder C is connected to the pump control mechanism by means of a thin tube T preferably made of a metal of poor heat conductivity. In `the cylinder C reciprocates a plunger piston P, preferably provided with grooves, and connected to the sliding guide head X `by a thin rod or a tube E, which is also preferably made of'a metal which is a poor conductor of heat. The piston P may be metallic or"constructed of plastic materials, such as a series of discs of dressedleather, etc.
, The cylinder C is provided with lports LI It has furthermore been-found necessary,
in order to ensure va good output from the v pump, to cool the body of the same, as heat might be disengaged by friction and by the compression of the liquid, thereby causing the formation of gas in sufficient quantityto interfere with the Working. For this purpose the cylinder C is provided with gills .U of sufficient surface to dissipate the heat developed in the body of the pump and thus prevent vaporization of the liquid in the interior of the cylinder C.
The pump 1s provided Iat its lower I art with a discharge valve the seat -ofrwhich 1s prefer- 100 abl made of slightly plastic material, such as bre which has been recognized as providing a tight joint, or of pure copper; the valve may be constituted by a simple ball. t
It is also necessary to avoid the introduction of any solid particles into the pump, as in consequence of the very low temperatures and the absence of lubrication, theseparticles would at once cause a seizure. For this purpose the inlet ports are covered with very linev metallic gauze C capable of stopping the particles of ice and solid carbon dioxide generally ound in liquid oxygen.
A sleeve M of smaller diameter than the guide I-I and a flat part N prevent the lubricating oil from the slide falling into the cylinder C and into the container R. v
The liquid from the container R', drawn in by the piston I), enters the cylinder C through the ports L, and is forced through the valve D into 'a pipe F made of metal of poor heat conductivitywhich leads into a vaporizer G, where the liquid is converted into gas, this vaporizer G being maintained at the required temperatureby any desired method of heating. The gas thus produced passes under pressure to the place where it is to be used or stored. Y
A convenient method of effecting this heating, when the pumpis worked electrically, consists in passing the current through a heating resistance situated in the vaporizer and which only acts when the pump is working, being automatically cut out of the circuit on the stoppage of the pump.
According to this method the electric current is supplied to the motor l actuating thepump from the source of power 2-3 through a switch 4; the heating resistance 5, situated 1n the' Wall of the vaporizer G, is shunted on the circuit of the pump at 6 7, after the' switch 4, so 'that this switch, when turned on, supplies the current simultaneously to the motor 1 and tothe heating resistance.
When the desired pressure in the distributor pipe 8 of compressed gas has been reached.
" this pressure actuates automatically a switch 9 which cuts oil the current supplyto the pump and to the heating resistance.
yThe pressure of the gas may be as high as desired; if it is necessary to maintain a pressure approximately constant in the supply pipes, there may be attached to the pump an automatic starter which starts the pump working when the pressure in the pipes tends to drop and which stops it when the pressure is sufficiently high.
Ic1aim:. A' 'l 1. In a pump for liquefied gases at low boiling-point, a cylinder dipping in the liqueliedt gases and means for dissi-pating the heat developed in the cylinder by the movement of the piston in its cylinder.
2. In a pump for liquefied gases at low boiling point,`a cylinder dipping in the liqueof the pump.
lied gases, means for dissipating the heat developed in the cylinder 'by the movement of the piston in, its cylinder and a discharge valve the seat of which .is made of slightly plastic material.
3. In a pump for liquefied gases at low boiling point, a cylinder dipping in the liqueied gases, means for dissipating the heat developed in the cylinder bythe movement of the piston inv its cylinder and a discharge valve the seat thereof beingmade of copper.
4.-. In a pump for liquefiedv gases a cylinder dipping in the liquid, a tube surrounding the actuating rod of thepump and spaced from this rod, and means 'for preventing the lubricating oil at the sliding guide head to penetrate in the cylinder.
5. In a pump forliqueied gases, electrically driven by a motor and forcing the liqueed gases into a vaporizer heating means for electrically heating the vaporizer by the electric current which supplies the said motor and means for cutting automatically the said heating means out of the circuit on the stoppage 6. In a pump Jfor liquefied gases at low boilingpoint, a cylinder dipping in the liqueied y gases, provided with suction and discharge valves, means for dissipatingthe heat developed in the cylinder by the movement of the piston in its cylinder and ports situated in the wall oi? the cylinder, vthe upper edges of them being substantially flush with the under face of the piston at the end of its suction stroke.
gases, provided only with discharge" valve,
means for dissipating the heat developcdin the cylinder by the movement of the piston in its cylinder and ports situated in the wall of the cylinder, the upper edges of them being IDO substantially Hush withA the under face of the piston at the end of its suction stroke. 8. In a pump for liquefied gases a cylinder dipping in the liquid, a tube sustaining the said cylinder and an actuatin rod for the piston surrounded by the said tu e and spaced' therefrom. Y
In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.
' CHARLES PICARD.
US32689528 1927-12-20 1928-12-18 Apparatus for the distribution of gases under pressure by means of liquefied gases Expired - Lifetime US1895295A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4156584A (en) * 1976-07-19 1979-05-29 Carpenter Technology Corporation Liquid cryogen pump
US5545015A (en) * 1993-06-11 1996-08-13 Societe Europeene De Propulsion Self-cooled and removable integrated cryogenic liquid pump
WO2013178315A1 (en) * 2012-05-31 2013-12-05 Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research Cryogenic cooling pump and method
CN106677897A (en) * 2016-11-21 2017-05-17 杭州衡源汽车科技有限公司 Range-extended automobile provided with four-stroke four-cylinder turbine power generation system

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE525287A (en) * 1953-03-24 1900-01-01

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4156584A (en) * 1976-07-19 1979-05-29 Carpenter Technology Corporation Liquid cryogen pump
US5545015A (en) * 1993-06-11 1996-08-13 Societe Europeene De Propulsion Self-cooled and removable integrated cryogenic liquid pump
WO2013178315A1 (en) * 2012-05-31 2013-12-05 Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research Cryogenic cooling pump and method
CN106677897A (en) * 2016-11-21 2017-05-17 杭州衡源汽车科技有限公司 Range-extended automobile provided with four-stroke four-cylinder turbine power generation system

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GB302681A (en) 1929-07-25
DE590029C (en) 1933-12-21
BE356700A (en) 1900-01-01
FR659674A (en) 1929-07-04

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