US1788407A - Surface covering and process of ornamenting the same - Google Patents

Surface covering and process of ornamenting the same Download PDF

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Publication number
US1788407A
US1788407A US296196A US29619628A US1788407A US 1788407 A US1788407 A US 1788407A US 296196 A US296196 A US 296196A US 29619628 A US29619628 A US 29619628A US 1788407 A US1788407 A US 1788407A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
inlays
linoleum
color
irregular
juncture
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US296196A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jr Henning W Prentis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Armstrong World Industries Inc
Original Assignee
Armstrong Cork Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL29928D priority Critical patent/NL29928C/xx
Application filed by Armstrong Cork Co filed Critical Armstrong Cork Co
Priority to US296196A priority patent/US1788407A/en
Priority to DEA58422D priority patent/DE542865C/de
Priority to GB21754/29A priority patent/GB316549A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1788407A publication Critical patent/US1788407A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N7/00—Flexible sheet materials not otherwise provided for, e.g. textile threads, filaments, yarns or tow, glued on macromolecular material
    • D06N7/0005—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous substrate being coated with at least one layer of a polymer on the top surface
    • D06N7/0028—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous substrate being coated with at least one layer of a polymer on the top surface characterised by colour effects, e.g. craquelé, reducing gloss
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
    • Y10T428/2457—Parallel ribs and/or grooves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]

Definitions

  • the process of making a molded inlaid linoleum usually consists in passing the burlap backing along the bed of the molded inlaid stencilling machine. As the burlap backing passes along the bed of the machine, the dif- 2() ferent colored mixes which make up the inlaid color pattern are applied each through its own stencil. These mixes consist of the granular cork, sometimes mixed with wood flour, ,coloring pigments, and the linseed oil binder, and are in a granular condition so that they may be sifted through the stencils. The mix of one color is rst applied through" its stencil, then the mix of another color through its stencil, and so on, until the entire surface of the backing is covered with patches of granular mixes of different colors.
  • the first press which consolidates the loose granular mix, has its plate which contacts with the mix protected by a sheet of parailned paper or cloth to prevent the mix from stickin to the plate.
  • the paDer mountedg on a roll at one side of the press and fresh paper is fed through to protect the flat surface of the press at each operation of the press.
  • the second press SYLVANIA, A CORPORATION 0F PENNSYL-- SURFACE COVEBING AND PROCESS 0F ORNAMENTING THE SAME 1928. Serial No. 296,196. I g
  • the inlays are made by cutting out pieces from previously calendered sheets of the consolidated linoleum mix and these cut-out pieces .are assembled upon a burlap backing and pressed into contact with the burlap backing and into firm marginal engagement with each other by a pressing operation. The result is that the sharp straight lines of the cut-out pieces are preserved in the finished linoleum.
  • the linoleums embodying the Humphreys invention are often made by the molded inlaid linoleum process and may be made either with or without mortar joint interliners between the tile-like blocks or inlays.
  • the inlays which form the blocks of the tile pattern appear to merge into each 'other because of the irregular jpncture line,
  • these intei-liners are usually of a color tocorr'espond to a mortar joint material an are bodily depressed between the blocks whiclrcorrespond to the tiles.
  • the objection to the irregular juncture line between the inlays has been overcome, both because of the depressing of the interliners and also because the irregular lines which run along bothl Sides of the eye of the irregular lines whichnaturally occur between the edges' of a tile and a hand troweled mortar joint between the tile.
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of another, piece of linoleum showing a modification
  • Figure 4 is a section through the linoleum.
  • Figure 57 s a plan view showing another piece of l'inoleum embodying still another modificationil Referring iirst to the embodiment of the vinvention illustrated in Figures 1 and Q of the drawings Iteference numeral 1 indicates generally a piece of molded, inlaid linoleum.
  • the linoleum is first made in the usual way by" vapplying the granular linole'um mixes to the bui-lap backing so as to form the inlays of differing or varying colors, indicated by reference numerals-3 to 18, inclusive.
  • differing colors lor Varying colors I mean either different oo standingoi"v different shades of the same color.
  • the inlays are ⁇ made o vmixes of rather slightly diiierent i shades of red so as to give the color contrast corresponding to the different shades of-red color given in burning tilecin a kiln.
  • the inlays of the different colors are arranged with the irregularity of occurrence and simulating haphazard appearance as shown in the Humphreys reissue patent, Reissue No. 16,510.
  • the irregular lines of color juncture between the inlays which are a characteristic of the molded inlaid process are indicated by the reference numerals 19.
  • patterns of this type may be advantageously made by the molded inlaying process with an artistic effect comparable with, although differing from, that produced by the straight line inlaying process, by depressing the irregular lines together with very narrow contiguous portions of the block-like inlays.
  • the molded inlaid linoleum is usually first made into a sheet having the flat smooth surface as given to it by the usual first press which follows the stenciling machine'.
  • This press has a smooth flat face which can be protected against the sticking to it of the granular mixes by means of a protecting sheet of paraffined paper or cloth.
  • the press plate of the second press is provided with narrow ribs which impress into the linoleum the narrow shallow grooves indicated by reference numerals 20 in the drawings.
  • the linoleum at this stage has l been compressed by the first press so that a ribbed press Without a protecting layer of paper or cloth may be employed. Because of the ribs, it would not be. practicable to employ the usual protecting sheet of parafiined paper beneath this press, as the r1bs would rupture the paper.
  • the grooves 20 are shallow and of smooth contour so as not to catch-and retain dirt.
  • the grooves are usually about 1/32 to 3/64 of an inch deep. They are also relatively narrow compared with the width of the blocklike inlays 3 to 18 both because the ornamental efiect is best carried out by depressing; ⁇ narrow strips along the marginal edges of the inlays and also because when narrow portions only are depressed the linoleum sheet is not subjected to objectionable stretching or distortion.
  • the irregular lines preferably lie along the bottoms of the grooves 20, so that they are bordered on each side by narrow depressed marginal edges of the adjacent inlays. It will be noted that by far the greater part of each inlay is y undepressed and only the narrow strips along the marginal edges are sunk below the general surface of the inlays.
  • the sinking of the marginal edges of the inlays into the grooves gives a color variation illusion to the eye.
  • the surface of the groove is on a lower plane than that of the main portions of the' inlays and the sides of the groove are inclined'or curved.
  • the light flowing into the grooves therefore produces an effect of high light and shade and particularly in looking at the linoleum toward a strong light, such as a window.
  • the color 1n the grooves lies in shadows which are surrounded by the high lights afforded by the edges-where the grooves merge into the raised portions of the inlays.I
  • the indenting operation tends to make the linoleum. material at the grooves flow sidewise and raises the surface just beyond the edges of the grooves very slightly above the main body or unaffected portions of the inlays, thus still further accentuating the high lights along the edges of the grooves.
  • the pressure afforded by the indenting ribs upon the already consolidated sheet of linoleum has a tendency to somewhat modify the surface texture of the linoleum, thus tending to give it the appearance of asomewhat different color.
  • the coatin thus applied will usually be of slightly di erent thickness in the grooves than on the main 'bodies of the inlays, still further accentuat ⁇ Lthe groove, they tend to give to the eye the impression of a color composed of the blending of the two colors, and this blended color is different from the colors of the inlays on each side of the roove.
  • the various tile inlays are lof different shades of red to simulate* the different shades obtained on burning red ceramic tile, assuming, for example, ⁇ that the cross-hatching of inlay 16 indicates a light shade of red, that of inlays 13 and 14 a somewhat darkervred, that of inlays 4 and 8 a still darker shade of red and that of in lays/9, 12 and 17 a still darker shade of red.
  • the irregular line 19 is, of course,.forme d by the line of demarcation between the colors on each side of it.
  • this difference in color contrast along one of the irregular lilies 19 as the line passes between inlays having different color contrast will tend to make the line appear as i-f it had labrupt changes in appearanceA or break at the corner of the inlays.
  • the grooves will appearto the casual glance of the eye particularly when looking toward a strong light, to be of somewhatv different color than that of an undepressedinlaid portion along the sides of the grooves, and an optical im ression is created of differently shaded inter iners between the inlays, thus attaining somewhat the effect of interliners but without devoting a special stencil to the production of the interliners.
  • Figure 3 is illustrated a modification in which the irregular lines 19-a which form the boundaries between the differently colored inlays instead of being located along the bottom groove 20-'a,.run along an edge of the groove. In this case the marginal porltion of but one of the inlays which is contiguous to the line is depressed.
  • the line itself is located near or upon the slope at the side of the groove. 1although it is preferred to runthe irregular line along the bottom of the groove as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the arrangement shown in Figures 3 and 4 may be employed since it is found to minimize the objectionable appearance of the line and also since it gives the illusion of color shading between the depressed marginal portion of the inlays and the raised or main portion thereof. As before mentioned, this feeling of color contrast or illusion to the eye is usually heightened when the linoleum is waxed or lacquered.
  • a ⁇ In Figure is shown another modified embodiment of the invention. The design in this case is a .so-called modernistic or futuristic design. Certain of the inlays indicated by reference numerals 30 and 31 are surrounded by depressions or grooves -b which contain the irregular color lines 19-7) and the narrow bands formed by the depressedmarginal portions of the adjacent inlays.
  • a decorative surface comprising .contacting areas of diifering colors having irregular lines of color juncture between them, and narrow shallow grooves impressed in the surface along such juncture lines-and including in the depressed area the irregular uncture line together with the marginal portions only of the contiguous color areas.
  • a molded inlaid linoleum comprising contacting inlays of varying colors separated by the irregular lines of color juncture characteristic of molded inlaid linoleum, and having the irregular juncture lines together with narrow marginal portions of the inlays on both sides of the lines depressed below the main bodies of the inlays.
  • a molded inlaid linoleum comprising contacting in- ⁇ lays of varying colors separated by the irregular lines of color juncture characteristic of molded inlaid linoleum, and having some at least of the irregular color juncture lines together with a narrow marginal portion only of the contiguous inlays sunk below the general surface level of such inlay.
  • a tile pattern molded inlaid linoleum consisting of tile-like inlays of varying colors contacting with each other and having the irregular lines of color juncture characteristic of molded inlaid linoleum, and relatively narrow shallow grooves formedl in the surface of the linoleum between said tile-like inlays and following the irregular lines of juncture.
  • a molded inlaid linoleum having contacting inlays of varying colors and having the irregular lines of color juncture characteristic of molded inlaid linoleum, and narrow shallow grooves between inlays containing the irregular line and the depressed marginalportions of the contiguous inlays on both sides of the line, the greater part of such inlays being undepressed.
  • a tile pattern molded inlaid linoleum consisting of tile-like inlays of varying, and harmonzing shades of color contacting with each other and. having the irregular lines of juncture characteristic of molded inlaid linoleum, and having relatively narrow shallow grooves formed in the surface of the linoleum between said tile-like inlays and containing the irregular juncture line's and depressed marginal portions ofthe inlays.
  • a tile pattern molded inlaid linoleum consisting of tile-like inlays of varying colors abutting with one another and without interliners, there being the irregular line of juncture characteristic of molded inlaid linoleum, and relatively narrow shallow grooves formed in the surface of the linoleum between said tilelike inlays and following the irregular lines of juncture.
  • molded inlaid linoleum comprising inlays of varying colors contacting on the irregular lines of juncture characteristic of molded inlaid linoleum, the linoleum having grooves along the lines of juncture,the marginal portion of at least one of the inlays being depressed to form the groove, said depressed marginal portion being at least substantially half the width of the groove.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Adornments (AREA)
US296196A 1928-07-30 1928-07-30 Surface covering and process of ornamenting the same Expired - Lifetime US1788407A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL29928D NL29928C (xx) 1928-07-30
US296196A US1788407A (en) 1928-07-30 1928-07-30 Surface covering and process of ornamenting the same
DEA58422D DE542865C (de) 1928-07-30 1929-07-13 Belagstoff
GB21754/29A GB316549A (en) 1928-07-30 1929-07-15 Improvements in or relating to surface covering and methods of decorating the same

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US296196A US1788407A (en) 1928-07-30 1928-07-30 Surface covering and process of ornamenting the same

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1788407A true US1788407A (en) 1931-01-13

Family

ID=23141007

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US296196A Expired - Lifetime US1788407A (en) 1928-07-30 1928-07-30 Surface covering and process of ornamenting the same

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US1788407A (xx)
DE (1) DE542865C (xx)
GB (1) GB316549A (xx)
NL (1) NL29928C (xx)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2485541A (en) * 1945-11-21 1949-10-18 Armstrong Cork Co Method of decorating surface coverings
US3345662A (en) * 1965-08-04 1967-10-10 Bailey Frank Gordon Matrices for use in contouring workpieces
US5987831A (en) * 1997-02-24 1999-11-23 Marlux N.V. Building materials
EP2221190A1 (fr) * 2009-02-23 2010-08-25 Tarkett GDL Revêtement de sol

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2485541A (en) * 1945-11-21 1949-10-18 Armstrong Cork Co Method of decorating surface coverings
US3345662A (en) * 1965-08-04 1967-10-10 Bailey Frank Gordon Matrices for use in contouring workpieces
US5987831A (en) * 1997-02-24 1999-11-23 Marlux N.V. Building materials
EP2221190A1 (fr) * 2009-02-23 2010-08-25 Tarkett GDL Revêtement de sol
WO2010094597A1 (fr) * 2009-02-23 2010-08-26 Tarkett Gdl Revetement de sol

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB316549A (en) 1930-10-15
DE542865C (de) 1932-01-30
NL29928C (xx)

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