US1786357A

US1786357A - Apparatus for distilling hydrocarbon oils

Info

Publication number: US1786357A
Authority: US
Inventors: Clarke C Miller
Original assignee: Standard Oil Co
Current assignee: Standard Oil Co
Priority date: 1927-06-15
Filing date: 1927-06-15
Publication date: 1930-12-23
Anticipated expiration: 1947-12-23

Description

Dec. 23, 1930.

c. c. MILLER APPARATUS FOR DISTILLING HYDROCARBON OILS Filed June 15, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet l Dec. 23, 1930. c. c. MILLER APPARATUS FOR DISTILLING HYDROCARBON OILS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 1 Filed June 15, 1927 I @N QN I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I l I I I n I M ZZez" Patented Dec. 23, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT 'OFFICE CLARKE G. MILLER, OF WHITING, INDIANA, ASSIGNOB. T0 STANDARD .OIL COMPANY, OF

WHITING, INDIANA, A CORPORATION OF INDIANA APPARATUS FOR DISTILLING HYDROCARBON OILS Application filed June 15,

. umn;

Fig. 4 is a sectional detail of the modified form of valve shown in Fig. 3; and

Fig. 5 shows a modification of the expansion-drum shown in Fig. 1. Referring to the drawings, 10 is a plpestill adapted to be heated by suitable means,- for example, the burner 11; 12 is an expansion-drum; and 13 is a fractionating column.

The fractionating column 13 is preferablysuperimposed upon the expansion-drum 12 so that the vapors therefrom pass directly into the fractionating column.

Oil is adapted to be supplied to the pipestill 10 under pressure by pumps (not shown). The outlet of the pipe-still leads to a reducing valve 14 which opens into the expansiondrum 12. The expansion-drum is provided near its bottom with a suitable draw-off pipe 15.

The valve 14 comprises a tubular member 16 which is adapted to receive oil directly from the pipe-still 10. This tubular member is provided internally with a conical valve-seat 17 which is adapted to cooperate with a conical valve 18 carried by a threaded stem 19 which passes through a suitable packing nut 20 and is provided with an exterior hand-wheel 21. Beyond the seat portion, the

valve 18 is provided with a conical part 22 which serves to maintain flow-line conditions and prevent eddies in the oil passing through the valve. Beyond thevalve-seat'17, the tn bular member 16 is provided with an outwardly flaring portion 23 which terminates .in an open end 24. The flaring portion 23 is provided at approximately its throat with a plurality of lateral openings 25 which are 'tained therein.

1927. Serial No. 198,925.

preferably sloped slightly in the direction of the moving oil passing through the valve.- As shown in Figs. 1 and 5, the openings 25 may be located beneath the surface 26 of the body of oil maintained in the expansion-drum 12.

In the form shown in Fig. 3, the valve is located above the level 26 of the oil in the drum 12. In this modification, tubular member 16 is provided with a housing 27 which completely encloses the openings 25. A pipe 28 extends from thehousing 27 downwardly into the body of oil maintained in the drum 12. As shown' in Figs. 1 and 3, the open end 24 may be directed into an elbow-pipe 29 which extends downwardly towards the bot-.

tom of the drum 12 and terminates slightly thereabove so that the material issuing from the open end 24 is carried downwardly into the liquid in drum 12.

The operation is as follows:

Hydrocarbon oil to be cracked, which may suitably be a distillate blend, is fed by pumps to the'pipe-still 10 and the valve 14 is adjusted so thatthe desired pressure is main- The pressure in the pipestill may suitably be maintained at from 200 'to 1200 pounds per square inch, and the temperature attained therein may suitably be between 850 to 950 F. The flash-drum 12 may be maintained at atmospheric pressure, or at super-atmospheric pressure, for example, .a pressure between atmospheric and 600- .pounds per square inch, but in all cases substantially lower than the pressure in the pipestill. The temperature in the flash-drum 12 will depend upon the reduction of pressure which occurs as the oil enters. For example, the temperature may be between 400 F. and 850 F. In all cases, only a part of the incoming cracked oil will vaporize and a body of tar accumulates in the flash-drdm L2. This tar may be withdrawn intermittently or continuously by the pipe 15, but a body of tar is maintained in the drum 12, the liquid level being shown at 26. When using the apparatus shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 5, in'which the valve is located below the level 26 of the body of oil in the drum 12, the oil passes'the valve-seat 17 and passes through the flared portion 23. The suction thereof draws in tar through the openings 25 and accordingly the incoming oil vapors are intimately mixed with tar before issuing from the open end 24. When an elbow 29 is employed as shown in Fig. 1, the vapors, oil and tar issuing from the open end 24, together with tar from the body maintained in the drum 12, pass downwardly to the bottom of the drum, thus insuring very intimate contact and admixture of the vapors and liquid and the production of satisfactory equilibrium therebetween.

The operation of the modification shown in Figs. 3 and a is similar. In this case, however, the suction of the incoming oil and vapors passing through the flared portion 23 creates a reduced pressure in the housing 27, which draws tar upwardly through the pipe 28 into the chamber 27 from which it passes through the openings 25 into the incoming oil and vapors. In this modification, also, the elbow 29 causes the mixture of vapors, oil and tar to pass downwardly into the body of tar maintained in the chamber 12.

It is not imperative to employ an elbow 29 since satisfactory admixture and equilibrium may be attained by directly injecting the mixed vapors, oil and tar from the flaring part 23 directly into the body of oil maintained in the flash-drum 12, as illustrated in Fig. 5. I

Although the present invention has been described in connection with the details of certain specific embodiments thereof, it is not intended that such details shall be regarded as limitations u on the scope of the invention, except in so ar as included in the accompanying claims.

I claim:

1. In combination, a flash-drum for flashing heated hydrocarbon oils, a valveadapted to inject heated oil thereinto, said valve comprising a tubular portion provided with a seat and a flaring open-ended portion therebeyond, and a valve-member adapted to cooperate with said seat for the purpose of regulating the flow of oil through the valve, said flaring portion being provided with openings adapted to receive oil maintained in said flash-drum, and an elbow adapted to receive the oil discharged from said flaring portion and conduct it downwardly to the bottom of the flash drum.

2. In combination, a flash-drum for flashing heated hydrocarbon oils, a valve adapted a to inject heated oil thereinto, said valve comprising a tubular portion provided with a seat and a flaring open-ended portion therebeyond, and a valve-member adapted to cooperate with said seat for the purpose of regulating the flow of oil through thevalve, said flaring portion being provided .with

openings, a housing around said tubular member enclosing said openings, .a conduit depending from said housing downwardly into the flash drum, and an elbow adapted to receive fluid from the open-ended flaring portion and conduct it downwardly into the flash-drum.

3. In combination, a still adapted to heat 7 hydrocarbon oil under pressure, a flashdrum adapted to contain a body of oil therein, and a valve connected tosaid still and communicating with said drum whereby oil from said still is discharged into said drum under a reduced pressure, said valve comprising a tubular portion provided with a seat anda flaring open-ended portion therebeyond, said flaring portion extending into the interior of said drum, and a valve-member adapted to co-operate with said seat for the purpose of regulating the flow of liquid through the valve, the portion of said flaring portion which extends into' said drum being provided with a lateral opening'adapted to receive the oil maintained in said drum.

4. In combination, a still adapted to heat hydrocarbon oil under pressure, a flash drum adapted to contain a body of oil therein, a valve connected to said still and communicating with said drum whereby oil from said still is'discharged into said drum under a reduced pressure, said valve comprising a tubular portion provided with a seat and a flaring open-ended port-ion therebeyond, said flaring portion extending into the interior of said drum, and a valve-member adapted to co-operate with said seat for the purpose of regulating'the flow of liquid through the valve, the portion of said flaring portion which extends into said drum being provided with a lateral opening adapted to receive the oil maintained in said drum, and an elbow within said drum and adapted to receive the oil discharged from said flaring portion and conduct it downwardly to the bottom of the said drum.

5. In combination, a still adapted to heat hydrocarbon oil under pressure, a flash-drum adapted to contain a body of oil therein, a valve connected to said still and communicating with said drum whereby oil from said still is discharged into said drum under a re duced pressure, said valve comprising a tubular portion provided with a seat and a flaring open-ended portion therebeyond, said flaring portion extending into the interior of said drum, a valve-member adapted to cooperate with said seat for the purpose of regulating the flow of liquid through the valve, the portion of said flaring portion which extends into said drum being provided with a lateral opening, and a conduit communicating with said opening and depending downwardly from said lateral opening into the lower portion of said drum..

6. In combination, a still adapted to heat hydrocarbon oil under pressure, a flash-drum adapted to contain a body of oil therein,

a valve connected to said still and communieating with said drum whereby oil from said still is discharged into said drum under a reduced pressure, said ,valve comprising a tubular portion provided with a seat and a flaring open-ended portion therebeyond, said flaring portion extending into the 1nterior of said drum, a valve-member adapted 'to co-operate with said seat for the purpose of regulating the flow of liquid-through the valve, the portion of said flaring portion which extends into said drum being provided with a lateral opening, a housing around said tubular member enclosing said lateral opening, and a conduit depending downwardly from said housing into the lower portion of said drum.

7. In combination, a still adapted to heat hydrocarbon oil under pressure, a flash-drum adapted to contain a body of oil therein, a valve connected to said still and communicating with said drum whereby oil from said still is discharged into said drum under a reduced pressure, said valve comprising a tubular portion provided with a seat and a flaring open-ended portion therebeyond, said flaring portion extending into the interior of said drum, a Valve-member adapted 'to cooperate with said seat for the purpose said drum.

CLARKE C. MILLER.