US1786159A - Transferring liquefied gases - Google Patents

Transferring liquefied gases Download PDF

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Publication number
US1786159A
US1786159A US338653A US33865329A US1786159A US 1786159 A US1786159 A US 1786159A US 338653 A US338653 A US 338653A US 33865329 A US33865329 A US 33865329A US 1786159 A US1786159 A US 1786159A
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Prior art keywords
vessel
gases
gas
pressure
consumption
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US338653A
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Heylandt Christian Wilhel Paul
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0119—Shape cylindrical with flat end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/032—Orientation with substantially vertical main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0639—Steels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
    • F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
    • F17C2205/0134—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels
    • F17C2205/0142—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels bundled in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/011—Oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/014—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/036—Very high pressure, i.e. above 80 bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0157—Compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0626—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0636—Flow or movement of content
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process and apparatus for the utilization of the gases ordinarily lost and remaining during the emptying, filling and transferring of liqueflied gases of a low boiling point, said process having the distinctive feature that the liquefied industrial gases are transported to the place of consumption and there brought to the desired pressure by mechanical compres- 1 sion in order to avoid losses caused during transferring, while fully utilizing the inherent advantages of the transportation of liquefied gases.
  • the process has furthermore the characteristic feature that the residual gases which are not brought by self compression to the desired working pressure at the place of consumption, are brought to high pressure by means of mechanical compression, for instance b compressors in order to avoid losses.
  • mechanical compression for instance b compressors
  • the subject matter of the invention is characterized by the fact that gases developing in the liquid containers during the gas consumption intervals and causing excess pressures, in said liquid containers, are brought to high pressures in the high pressure gas storage containers, by means of mechanical compression agents, as distinguished from self compression.
  • Liquefied gases of low boiling point such as, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, methane, and the like,- used for industrial purposes, are usuall compressed into steel cylinders at the p ace of production and from there shippedto the places of consumption located at a distance, or they may be conducted there in pipe lines. Both of these methods of su ply are costly, because the average weig t of steel cylinders capable of taking only 0.5 kgs. of hydrogen or 8 kgs. of oxygen is 75 kgs., and of course the laying of pipe lines is expensive. The same conditions revail in connection with the shipping 0 other Fimilal 1:: z:
  • the process in accordance with the invention therefore consists of the combination of processes partly alread known.
  • the technical efiects ring about a reduc tionin costs which is approximately equivalent to one half of the present production price.
  • gases for instance the constituents of the coke furnace gases difiicult to bring to a boiling point, or oxygen and nitrogen, are used in liquid condition,-one can figure on a much greater shipping radius or zone with the same in vestment of capital as compared with the use of pipe lines or shipment in Steel cylinders.
  • the producer factories. can therefore be. maintained as large plants.
  • the proven saving on account of this measure isabout 50 per cent of the present manufacturing costs.
  • the shipp' costs are 0 y 15 per cent of the costs resulting from shipment of the gases in steel cylinders.
  • a fu ther advantage is the delivery ot the liquefied gases to the consumer with absolutely no loss, for the reason that all evaporation losses during the emptying and transfer period and during operation are completely avoided by providing for the mechanical compression of such evaporation products. In this connection it is very important that the mechanical compression be carried out not at the place of production but at the place of consumption.
  • the process can be carried out in such a manner that a part of the liquefied gas is carried directly from a low pressure tank to the place of consumption, by transferring into a high pressure tank for automatic gasification and high pressure compression, while the other part, i. e. the arising so-called waste gases, by means of mechanical compression work, are brought to such a high pressure as can only be obtained with great dilficulty by self-compression for practical. reasons.
  • liquefied gases can be stored for quite long periods of time without any losses so that in a time of non-consump-- ticn the resulting evaporation products are brought continuously, by mechanical compression means, into suitable pressure containers at the place of consumption, in this way avoiding a loss of gas to the outside.
  • Fig. 1 is a partly sectional diagrammatic side view of an apparatus adapted to carry out the process herein described;
  • Fig. 2 is a similar side view illustrating a modified form of the apparatus.
  • Fig. 1 of the drawing designates a vessel adapted to contain liquefied gases, said vessel being mounted on a motor truck 1*. On the truck is also'mounted a compressor 2, which may be Operated by the truck motor. Communicating with said com ressor are a pair of pipe lines 3 and 7, w ich may be formed of pressure hose and provided with connections 4 and 8 respectively. At the place of consumption is constructed a chamber 11 in which is disposed a gasifier 20, having a filling tube 21 communicating with a liquid conveyor line 22 which communicates with the outlet from the transporting vessel 1.
  • the gasifier 20 is also provided with a gas outlet pipe line 12 havin a valve 6 for controlling the flow of gas therefrom, said pipe line having a branch 12 which communicates with the main pipe I2 at a point between the valve 6 and the vessel 20, said branch being provided with a valve 5 and having a connection at its free end adapted to be coupled with the connection 4 of the pipe 3. Also disposed at the place of consumption are a plurality of steel cylinders 10, each in communication with a pipe line 23 provided with a valve 9 and having at its free end a connection adapted to be coupled with the connection 8 of the pipe line 7.
  • the storage and supply cylinders 10 may be charged with gas at a given high pressure by transferring the substance in the liquid condition from transport vessel 1 to the vessel 20 in chamber 11. After transfer to the latter vessel, the liquid is allowed to warm up and vaporize, thus producing a high pressure, and upon opening the valve 6 the gas flows into and charges the cylinders to the required pressure. Afterall. the pressure gas has passed from the vessel 20, the valve 6 is closed and valves 5 and 9 opened, whereupon the residue of gas remaining in the Vessel 20 which is at a ressure below that of cylinders 10, may be rawn off by the pump 2 and forced into the cylinders at the required pressure. This operation takes place prior to the introduction of a fresh charge of liquid into the vessel 20. In this manner, the gas remaining in vessel 20 after each operation, instead of being lost as heretofore, is compressed mechanically and may be forced into one of the steel c linders 10 or into a lowpressure receptac e ready for consumption when required.
  • the liquefied gas container l is shown mounted on the truck 1, together with the compressor 2 and a plurality of pressure vessels 16.
  • the compressor in this instance is placed in communication with the upper portion of the liquefied gas container and with the pipe 3 by means of a pipe 13 provided with a valve 17, in addition to the pipe lines 3 and 7 hereinbefore described for communication with the vaporizer and the stationary pressure tanks 10.
  • the valves 5 and 9, as well as the pipe connections 4 and 8 carried by the pipes 3 and 7 are in this instance disposed at the outer ends of said pipes, the tanks 16 communicating with the pipe line 7 by Way of a pipe 15 provided with a valve 14.
  • Apparatus for supplying gases at predetermined pressures comprising in co ination, a portable liquefied-gas container, :1.
  • portable compressor a vaporizing vessel, means for establishing communication between said container and vessel for delivering liquefied gas to the latter thereby to vaporize said gas, means for automatically delivering the major portion of said vaporized gas at the desired pressure, and communicating means between said compressor and vaporizing vessel for withdrawing the residue. from said vessel and compressing said residue.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
US338653A 1928-02-16 1929-02-09 Transferring liquefied gases Expired - Lifetime US1786159A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1786159X 1928-02-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1786159A true US1786159A (en) 1930-12-23

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ID=7743234

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US18774D Expired USRE18774E (en) 1928-02-16 Christian wilhelm
US338653A Expired - Lifetime US1786159A (en) 1928-02-16 1929-02-09 Transferring liquefied gases

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US18774D Expired USRE18774E (en) 1928-02-16 Christian wilhelm

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (2) US1786159A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) AT135115B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE357592A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR668399A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2722105A (en) * 1952-10-13 1955-11-01 Little Inc A Delivery tube for liquefied gases
US3066495A (en) * 1958-04-28 1962-12-04 Union Carbide Corp Apparatus and method for filling manifolded gas container
US3234745A (en) * 1962-01-24 1966-02-15 Fisher Governor Co Multiple tank filling system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR668399A (fr) 1929-10-31
AT135115B (de) 1933-10-25
BE357592A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
USRE18774E (en) 1933-03-21

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