US1783153A - Tiller - Google Patents

Tiller Download PDF

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Publication number
US1783153A
US1783153A US307141A US30714128A US1783153A US 1783153 A US1783153 A US 1783153A US 307141 A US307141 A US 307141A US 30714128 A US30714128 A US 30714128A US 1783153 A US1783153 A US 1783153A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
springs
spring
tiller
shaft
tools
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US307141A
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English (en)
Inventor
Peneff Georg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Schuckertwerke AG
Siemens Corp
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Siemens Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of US1783153A publication Critical patent/US1783153A/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D51/00—Motor vehicles characterised by the driver not being seated
    • B62D51/04—Motor vehicles characterised by the driver not being seated the driver walking
    • B62D51/06—Uniaxle walk-type tractors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B33/00—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs
    • A01B33/02—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs with tools on horizontal shaft transverse to direction of travel
    • A01B33/025—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs with tools on horizontal shaft transverse to direction of travel with spring tools, i.e. resiliently- or flexibly-attached rigid tools
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B33/00—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs
    • A01B33/02—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs with tools on horizontal shaft transverse to direction of travel
    • A01B33/028—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs with tools on horizontal shaft transverse to direction of travel of the walk-behind type

Definitions

  • My invention relates to improvements in tillers, and more specifically to tillers or cultivators with rotary tools, which penetrate into the soil, breakup the surface of the ground and crumple the soil.
  • Such tillers are usually fitted with a motor drive, which propels the implement and simultaneously rotates the tool which is mounted on a com- 1 mon rotary member.
  • This kind of tiller consists usually of steel hooks, which are connected with the driven rotary member of the implement by means of coiled or helical springs with a plurality of turns.
  • the object of my invention is a spring support for the tiller of such character that these supporting springs are strained to the same 29 extent in all their cross-sections or along their entire length. Such a uniformit of stress greatly extends the life of these springs.
  • a further object of my invention is to reduce the diameter of those parts, which do not directly serve for cultivating the ground,
  • FIG. 1 shows a general outside view of a power driven rotary tiller
  • Fig. 2 shows in larger scale and partly in 59 longitudinal section the detail construction of the resilient tiller arrangement on line 22 in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 shows in detail the location of spring 3 in its right hand end socket, seen in plan view on the section line 33 in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 shows a rear end view of the tiller hub portion 10 in Fig. 2, one of the plates (9) being removed;
  • Fig. 5 shows a transverse section of the hub portion on line 55 in Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 6 shows in section a modification of the torsionspring lock and of the attachment of the tiller hook thereto, which might be used in the modifications Fig. 7-9;
  • Fig. 7 shows a further modificationof the resilient tiller support in a view similar to Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 8 shows in larger scale partly in section the pivotal attachment of the torsion spring and a tiller hook to the supporting discs 19 in Fig. 7;
  • Fig. 9 shows a partly sectional view of Fig. 8 on the line 9-9 in Fig. 8;
  • Fig. 10 shows a still further modification of Fig. 2, characterized by the mounting of the tiller hooks on yieldingly journalled tubes;
  • Figs. 11 to 14 show a group of further modifications of yieldingly mounted tiller hooks in which the individual tiller hooks are pivotally disposed on an axis spaced apart from the axis in which the torsion spring is located, Fig. 11 showing the geometrical spring axis in parallel to the tiller shaft, Fig. 12 showing the spring axis at right angles to the shaft axis, Fig. 13 showing a modification of Fig. 12, and Fig. 14 showing partly in section on the line 1414 in Fig. 13, and v Fig. 15 shows in a View, similar to Fig. 10 the general idea of tiller support and protection according to Figs. 11 to 14 in which however the torsion spring bars are encased in tubes the same as in Fig. 10.
  • A is the body or frame portion of the implement
  • B contains the riving motor
  • C is the so-called tail which contains the tiller mounted on its shaft 1, the tiller hooks being shown at 8.
  • the tiller is covered by a hood F, which prevents the throwing up of the soil.
  • the implement is steered by means of the handlebars J and may by their aid be moved around the main wheel axle G, so that the working tools 8 may penetrate more or less into the soil as de- 811011.
  • the motor (hives the runner wheels tion.
  • 1 is the tiller shaft on which is fixe a supportin disc 2.
  • a torsion spring bar 3 is provi ed for each tiller hook 8, these bars being disposed in a circle around shaft 1 and being inserted with their looped ends into recesses 4 provided in disc 2 in which recesses they are secured by pins 5, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the latter being a horizontal section on the line 3-3, Fig. 2.
  • a cover 6, consisting of a flanged disc placed on the hub of disc 2 and held in position by the nut 7, prevents the pins 5 from dropping out of their recesses.
  • the springs 3 consist in this embodiment of two parts, which are con led with each other by a lock shown in detail in the Figs.
  • each bar 3 is rotatably disposed in a supportin disc 12 which is located at the other end of t e tiller shaft, each bar being provided with a retaining collar 13.
  • Disc 12 is fixed upon the tiller shaft and is enclosed by a cover 15 held in place upon the hub of the disc 12 by a nut 14.
  • the spring bars in the modificatlon illustrated are of circular cross-section.
  • t e lock for carrying an individual hook 8 is designed as rotary element 16 similar for instance to the element 21 Figs. 7, 8 and 9 to be described later.
  • Figure 6 is the square torsion spring, 8 the tool and 12 a supporting disc which may be the equivalent of disc 19 in Figs. 8 and 9.
  • Rotary elements 16 has a radial tapering s uare hole for the reception of the tool 8 an an axial square hole for the reception of the end of the spring 3. The spring and the tool 8 are secured in position by cotter pms 17 and 18.
  • FIG. 8 Another form of resilient tiller is illllfh ll'lllll 111 the Figs. 7 t0 0n the tiller shaft 1 are mounted in this case a number of pairs of discs 19 each of which is provided with transverse holes 20 arranged in several concentric circles (see Fig. 9). Between each pair of discs is journalled a rotary element 21 1n which the tool 8 is fixed by means of a pin 22. Each element 21 is provided with a recess 23 at the side into which fits the bent over end of one of the torsion springs 3, as more clearly shown in Fig. 8.
  • a retainingdisc 32 provided with circumferential notches 133 receiving the bentover end of some of the bars 3, the disc being covered by an end cap 33 held in place by a out 134 similar to the manner shown at the right hand side of Fig. 2.
  • the cover 33 may be turned into such a position that its holes 39 register with the-milled recesses 133 of the disc 32, so that all springs may be simultaneously introduced or withdrawn through the holes 39. By turning the cover through half the pitch of the holes 39 all .the springs are simultaneously locked in place.
  • cover 33 Onthe inner face of cover 33 are pr0- vided two set pins 29 displaced by half the pitch of the holes and engaging correspondlng holes in the disc 32, so as to lock cover 33 in the two positions referred to above, i. e. for withdrawing or insertin the springs, or for locking the springs in pTace.
  • the bearing discs 19 have in this design as many concentrically arranged holes 20 as there are bars or torsion springs.
  • the springs leading from the rotary elements 21 to their abutments pass through the holes of the intermediate bearing discs for some 01 the other tiller books 8. In this way the springs are supported by the discs and protected against bending strains.
  • the discs 19 with their concentric holes may be produced by casting. Apart from the central opening for the tiller shaft only the precast bearing holes for the rotary elements need be machined, whereas the holes 20 may remain unmachined.
  • Fig. 9 shows, for instance, a portion of a disc- 19 with two concentric circles of staggered holes.
  • the tool 8 may be detached from the tiller shaft by removing the pin 22, without the necessity of loosening or removing at the same time the torsion spring pertaining thereto.
  • Figs. 2 to 9 show the springs do not extend beyond the diameter of the bearing discs.
  • the disturbing diameter of the working mechanism is thus in tillers, resiliently supported according to the present invention, considerably smaller than in the hitherto known designs with coiled springs, in which the necessary loops of the springs are located much farther outside, and have the inherent disadvantages pointed out at the beginning.
  • the danger of the breaking of the springs is eliminated, which occurs with coiled springs, when the coils encounter rigid obstacles.
  • Fig. 10 of the drawings Such a construction is illustrated in Fig. 10 of the drawings.
  • a supporting disc 31 To each end of the shaft is fixed an abutment which consists of a disc 32, the cover 33 and the holding nut 134.
  • the disc 32 has a milled recess 133 and a bore 39 for each spring bar 3, through which these springs with their surrounding tubes 34 can be inserted and removed.
  • a U-shaped liner 135 safeguards each tube 34 against displacement in an axial direction.
  • the bent over ends of the springs 3 at the left hand side engage respective recesses 133 provided in disc 32, so that the springs 3 are thus anchored to the disc 32.
  • each spring engages a corresponding milled recess of its tube 34 and thus rigidly connects tube and spring at this point. It will be understood, that this connection may be effected in any other suitable manner, for instance by means of pins.
  • Each tube 34 is freely rotatably journaled in the discs 31 and 32 in bushings 36 and 37 respectively.
  • the tool Sis fixed by a pin 137 in a socket 38 which in turn is fixed to tube 34.
  • the resistance moments of the tube and the torsion rod pertaining to it may be chosen in different relation to each other. If the tube is quite rigid compared with the rod, the effective length of torsion has no relation to the point of the tube at which the tool 8 is attached. In this way the result is attained, that the lengths of the rods may be made equal for all tools of the machine. If, however, the tube is also made elastic the total elastic length of the device is composed of the length of the torsion rod measured from its lefthand to its right-hand end, and of the length of the elastic tube 34 measured from its righthand end up to the tool. The effective length of the spring is thus considerably increased in this design.
  • the tu e might be less rigid than the torsion spring, so that a smoother spring action results than could be obtained with the torsion spring alone.
  • the engagement of the tool with the soil then commences comparatively gently.
  • the tube With long springs it is preferable to construct the tube with a higher resistance moment than the torsion bar, so that the bar contained Within the comparatively rigid outer tube is efliciently protected against undesired bending strains. In this case the bars are practically pure torsion springs.
  • one tube 34 may be mounted a pluralityof tools 8.
  • the tools are then preferably circumferentially displaced in relation to one another, so that their points enter the ground such a manner, that the openings come in line with the milled recesses 133 of the disc 32, so that after removal of the U-shaped liners 135 all the springs and tubes may be removed from or inserted into the apparatus simultaneously.
  • special bearing discs as described above, may be provided and that the ends of the springs may have any of the shapes hereinbefore mentioned.
  • Fig. 11 of the drawings shows a further modification of In invention, which differs from those described before by the tool 8 being adapted to rock around an axis located outside of the axis of the spring 3.
  • a square spring 3 attached at the left-hand end, in the manner already described.
  • This socket 41 has an extension 42, which engages an abutment 43 rigidly connected with the spring 3. If the tool 8 is turned with its point towards the observer, the extension 42 of the socket 41 presses against the stop 43 of the spring 3 and thus transmits the rotation of the tool to the spring.
  • the springs may be moved still closer to the rotary shaft.
  • the device for transmitting the rotary movement of the tool to the spring may be so dimensioned, that any desired ratio of transmission results, for instance, so that only a small torsion of the spring occurs for a large deflection of the tool.
  • the supporting disc 40 serves at the same time for supporting the spring 3 against transverse bending strains in case the spring 3, as illustrated in Figs. 7 and 11 extends beyond the supporting disc 40 to a more remote tool.
  • a transmitting or entraining device between tool and torsion bar permits the mounting of the torsion bars in any desired direction with respect to the rotating shaft.
  • Fig. 12 of the drawings shows an arrangement in which the torsion bars are arranged at right angles to the rotating shaft 1.
  • the tools are pivotally attached to a special supporting disc 40 by means of a pivotal socket 41, which engages with its detent 43 and abutment pin 143 connected with the torsion bar 3.
  • This bar is in this case diametrically disposed in a disc 44 tools 8 recede behind this disc when encountering rigid obstacles, whereby the tools are further guarded against destruction.
  • a hub 47 carrying two rigidly attached tools 8 is rotatably mounted on the driving shaft 1.
  • the torsion bar for these tools is diametrically mounted in an oval disc 48 in the manner shown in Fig. 12.
  • the largest diameter of oval disc 48 is at least as great as that of the circle described by the points of the tools.
  • On hub 47 is pro vided a detent 150 which, when the tools encounter the soil, engages an abutment 151 fixed on torsion bar 3, and they recede concentrically to the driving shaft 1 when encountering rigid obstacles, until they pass behind their disc 48 and are then protected against breakage by the solid discs.
  • These discs 48 are of such stron construction, that they raise the entire tail 0 the machine when encountering rigid obstacles and thus safeguard the tools against breaka e.
  • Fig. 15 of the drawings is shown, for instance, an arrangement, which combines the advantages of the designs according to Fi s. 10, 11 and 12.
  • the general arrangement sIiown in Fig. 15 corresponds in its design substantially with that shown in Fig. 10.
  • Like parts in these two figures are therefore indicated by like letters of reference.
  • the bar spring 3 ⁇ is here of square cross-section, without any special deformation of the ends of the spring. The proper length of the bar may thus simply be cutoff the stock and be annealed and tempered.
  • the tube 34 surrounding the spring has at its right -hand end a square bore into which the end of the spring is inserted.
  • the tube is at both ends freely rotatably journaled in bushings 36 and 37.
  • the left-hand end of the spring is fixed in supporting disc 32 in a bushing 38 which prevents this end from rotating.
  • the tool 8 is mounted on a pivotal socket 41 located outside the spring arrangement and pivotally attached to disc 32. As in Fig. 11 the tool socket 41 engages with its detent 42 the abutment 43 fixed on tube 34 in themanner described with reference to Fig. 11.
  • Supporting disc 32 is adapted to serve at the same time as a guard disc through the peripheral extension 49. This extension may be de tachably mounted on supporting disc 32 as shown.
  • a plurality of tools may operate in conjunction "with a single spring.
  • a second supporting disc with a tool which is likewise connected with the tube in the manner just described.
  • a rotary tiller comprising a driven shaft, torsion spring bars mounted on said.
  • a rotary tiller comprising a driven shaft, torsion springs in the form of long bars, means for rigidly connecting said bars at least at one end with said shaft, and tools connected with said bars at points removed from their rigid ends.
  • a rotary tiller comprising a driven shaft, a plurality of torsion springs, each fixed at least at one of its ends to said shaft and having its fixed end of polygonal crosssection, and tools connected with said torsion springs.
  • a rotary tiller comprising a driven shaft, torsion spring bars fixed on said rotary member and having polygonal cross-section along their entire length, and tools connected with said torsion springs.
  • a rotary tiller comprising a driven shaft, bar-shaped springs mounted on and in parallel to said shaft, and tools connected with said springs.
  • a rotary tiller comprising a driven rotary member, bar torsion springs fixed at one end to said rotary member, a surrounding tube for each spring fixed at one of its ends to the free end of the spring, and tools connected with said tubes.
  • a rotary tiller comprising a driven rotary member, bar-shaped torsion springs of polygonal cross-section, fixed at one end to said rotary member, a surrounding tube for each spring having a corresponding polygonal socket in one of its ends to receive and hold the free end of the spring, and tools connected with said tubes.
  • a rotary tiller comprising a driven rotary member, bar torsion springs fixed at one r end to said rotary member, and a surrounding tube for each spring, having one of its ends fixed to the free spring end, the moment of resistance of the tube being different from the moment of resistance of its enclosed spring.
  • a rotary tiller comprising a driven rotary member, bar torsion springs fixed at one end in said rotary member, and a surrounding tube for each spring, having one of its ends fixed to the free spring end, said tube having a greater moment of resistance than its enclosed spring.
  • a rotary tiller comprising a driven shaft, torsion springs disposed substantially parallel to the axis of said shaft, supporting elements rigidly connected with said-shaft and adapted to support said springs and tools connected with said springs.
  • a rotary tiller comprising a rotary element including a driven shaft, torsion bar springs disposed substantially parallel to the axis of said shaft and being fixed at least at one of their ends to said rotary element, a supporting disc fixed upon said shaft intermediate its ends and being provided with holes through which said springs pass, and which form a support against lateral deflection of said springs, and tools connected with said springs.
  • a rotary tiller comprising a rotary element including a driven shaft, torsion springs disposed substantially parallel to the axis of said shaft, and being fixed at one of their ends to said rotary element, a surrounding tube for each spring having one of its ends fixed to the free end of its spring, and bearings rigidly connected with said shaft for rotatably supporting both ends of each tube, and tools connected with said tubes.
  • a rotary tiller comprising a driven shaft, torsion bar springs disposed in parallel to the shaft axis and a supporting element for said springs consisting of a disc fixed on said shaft and having transverse recesses adapted to permit the lateral insertion of said springs and to hold the spring end against rotation on its axis, and of a cap covering the outside and the periphery of said disc for holding the springs inserted into their recesses in position, and tools connected with said springs.
  • a rotary tiller comprising a driven shaft, torsion bar springs disposed in parallel to the shaft axis and a supporting element for said springs consisting of a disc fixed on said shaft and having transverse recesses adapted to permit the lateral insertion of said springs and to hold the spring end against rotation on its axis, and of a cap covering the outside and the periphery of said disc for holding the springs inserted into their recesses in position, and tools connected with said springs, said cap being rotatable on said disc and being provided with transverse holes registerable with said disc recesses when the cap is turned into the proper position to permit the insertion and removal of said springs.
  • a rotary tiller comprising a driven the tools.
  • a rotary tiller comprising a driven shaft, torsion bar springs disposed around the shaft in parallel to its axis, means on said shaft for fixing each spring at one of its ends to prevent its rotation on its own axis, means on said shaft for freely supporting the other end of each spring and tools connected with said springs.
  • a rotary tiller comprising a shaft driven from a point about midway its ends, torsion bar springs disposed around said shaft in parallel to its axis and extending respectively across the entire available lengths of the shaft halves, means on said shaft for fixing each spring at one of its ends to prevent its rotation on its own axis, means on said shaft for freely supporting the other end of each spring, discs mounted on said shaft intermediate the spring ends provided with holes in which said springs are supported against lateral deflection, and tools connected with saidsprings.
  • a rotary tiller comprising a rotary member, torsion springs mounted on said rotary member, tools pivotally mounted on said rotary member, and a mechanism for transmitting the pivotal motion from said tools to said spring.
  • a rotary tiller comprising a rotary member, torsion springs mounted on said rotary member, tool holders containing tools and being pivotally mounted on said tools, said rotary member outside of its axis of rotation, and a mechanism for transmitting the pivotal motion from said holders to said springs.
  • a rotary tiller comprising a rotary member, torsion springs mounted on said rotary member, a tool holder for each spring containing a tool and being pivotally mounted on said rotary member outside ofthe longitudinal axis of said springs, a detent on each holder, and an abutment for each detent fixed to the pertaining torsion spring for transmitting the pivotal motion from the tools to their pertaining spring.
  • a rotary tiller comprising a driven rotary member, torsion springs mounted on said member, tools operatively connected with said torsion springs, and discs mounted upon said rotary member adjacent to said tools, said discs having extensions acting as In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
US307141A 1927-08-15 1928-09-20 Tiller Expired - Lifetime US1783153A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE1783153X 1927-08-15

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US1783153A true US1783153A (en) 1930-11-25

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