US1780504A - Rectifying tube - Google Patents
Rectifying tube Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1780504A US1780504A US209788A US20978827A US1780504A US 1780504 A US1780504 A US 1780504A US 209788 A US209788 A US 209788A US 20978827 A US20978827 A US 20978827A US 1780504 A US1780504 A US 1780504A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- cathodes
- gas
- anode
- rectifying tube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000125205 Anethum Species 0.000 description 1
- -1 anthra'quinone Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J17/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
- H01J17/02—Details
- H01J17/22—Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the tube
- H01J17/26—Means for producing, introducing, or replenishing gas or vapour during operation of the tube
Definitions
- My invention relates to vacuum tubes for rectifying alternating current, and more particularly to tubes with electrodes of unequal sizes or shapes.
- the object of the present invention is to obviate this difficulty and furnish a rectifying tube whose resistance remains approximately constant over a long period of use.
- My invention comprises a vacuum tube with one or more cathodes of such a shape that they can be hollowed out, the hollows containing a substance which liberates a gas on heating.
- the cathodes become hot and cause gas to be liberated from the material contained within them, this evolved gas escaping to the 'main body of the tube through a suitable opening or openings in the walls of the cathodes.
- the gas so liberated olf-sets the effect of the adsorption of gas by the metal of the cathode.
- the glass bulb, 1, is an ordinary lamp bulb.
- the cathodes, 2, are cylindrical in form and bored through the center with holes, 3, which contain the material that liberates as on heating. Near the top the electro es, 2, are perforated with, holes, 4, through which the gas liberated from the material in the holes, 3, may esca e into the bulb, 1.
- the anode, 5, has a sur ace relatively much greater than that of the cathodes, 2.
- the relative sizes of the cathodes 2 and the anode, 5, may be varied widely. Also the distance between the ends of the cathodes, 2, and the anode, 5, may be varied.
- the cathodes may suitably have an outside diameter of about 0.5 mm. and a length of 2 to 3 cm.
- the anode would then suitably have an exposed area of about 4: 0111
- the distance between the ends of the cathodes and the anode surface may be 2 to 4 mm.
- the anode, 5, may be of any stable metal; soft iron is suitable.
- the cathodes, 2, should preferably be made of some high melting conductor such as platinum or tungsten.
- a variety of materials may be used in the holes, 3. Particularly suitable are salts of the alkaline earths and carbon compounds, such as anthra'quinone, which have very low vapor pressures. lVhen salts of the alkaline earths are used they should preferably be finely divided.
- any stable gas may be used within the bulb. Its pressure should be such that the tube has as little resistance to the current as possible, and will, therefore, lie usually between 2 and 10- mm. of mercury.
- a rectifying tube comprising a bulb evacuated to 2 to 10' mm. containing an anode with an exposed surface of substantially 4 cm, and two hollow perforated cathodes each substantially 0.5 mm. in diameter and 2 cm. long and placed with their ends 2 to 4 mm. from the anode surface, the hollows in the cathodes containing an alkaline earth salt.
Description
Nov. 4, 1930. 4 R 1,780,504
RECTIFYING TUBE Filed Aug. 1, 1927 INVENTOR Jam/2a fi/bler ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 4, 193G UNlTED STATES PATENT UFFHE JACQUES RISLER, OF PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO RISLER CORPORATION OF AMERICA, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE RECTIFYING TUBE Application filed August 1, 1927, Serial No. 209,788, and in France June 3, 1927.
My invention relates to vacuum tubes for rectifying alternating current, and more particularly to tubes with electrodes of unequal sizes or shapes.
It is already known that when an electric current of suitable strength is passed through a vacuum tube having two electrodes of very unequal size the smaller electrode will become hot while the larger electrode remains relatively cool. In such a state the tube acts as a thermionic valve with the smaller electrode as cathode. A serious drawback to the practical employment of such tubes is the adsorption of gas by the metal of, and from, the hot cathode. This adsorption reduces the pressure of gas in the tube and causes the resistance of the tube to rapidly increase with use.
The object of the present invention is to obviate this difficulty and furnish a rectifying tube whose resistance remains approximately constant over a long period of use.
My invention comprises a vacuum tube with one or more cathodes of such a shape that they can be hollowed out, the hollows containing a substance which liberates a gas on heating. In use the cathodes become hot and cause gas to be liberated from the material contained within them, this evolved gas escaping to the 'main body of the tube through a suitable opening or openings in the walls of the cathodes. The gas so liberated olf-sets the effect of the adsorption of gas by the metal of the cathode.
One form of my invention is represented diagrammatically in the accompanying drawing. This form is a double cathode tube suitable for rectifying both halves of the alternating current cycle.
The glass bulb, 1, is an ordinary lamp bulb. The cathodes, 2, are cylindrical in form and bored through the center with holes, 3, which contain the material that liberates as on heating. Near the top the electro es, 2, are perforated with, holes, 4, through which the gas liberated from the material in the holes, 3, may esca e into the bulb, 1. The anode, 5, has a sur ace relatively much greater than that of the cathodes, 2.
The relative sizes of the cathodes 2 and the anode, 5, may be varied widely. Also the distance between the ends of the cathodes, 2, and the anode, 5, may be varied. For a tube which will carry forty to sixtymilliamperes the cathodes may suitably have an outside diameter of about 0.5 mm. and a length of 2 to 3 cm. The anode would then suitably have an exposed area of about 4: 0111 For such a tube the distance between the ends of the cathodes and the anode surface may be 2 to 4 mm.
The anode, 5, may be of any stable metal; soft iron is suitable. The cathodes, 2, should preferably be made of some high melting conductor such as platinum or tungsten.
A variety of materials may be used in the holes, 3. Particularly suitable are salts of the alkaline earths and carbon compounds, such as anthra'quinone, which have very low vapor pressures. lVhen salts of the alkaline earths are used they should preferably be finely divided.
Any stable gas may be used within the bulb. Its pressure should be such that the tube has as little resistance to the current as possible, and will, therefore, lie usually between 2 and 10- mm. of mercury.
What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
A rectifying tube comprising a bulb evacuated to 2 to 10' mm. containing an anode with an exposed surface of substantially 4 cm, and two hollow perforated cathodes each substantially 0.5 mm. in diameter and 2 cm. long and placed with their ends 2 to 4 mm. from the anode surface, the hollows in the cathodes containing an alkaline earth salt.
In testimony whereof I aflix m si nature.
JACQUES is'inn.
dill
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1780504X | 1927-06-03 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1780504A true US1780504A (en) | 1930-11-04 |
Family
ID=9681004
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US209788A Expired - Lifetime US1780504A (en) | 1927-06-03 | 1927-08-01 | Rectifying tube |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1780504A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2930921A (en) * | 1954-05-28 | 1960-03-29 | Patelhold Patentverwertung | Process of filling a discharge chamber with mercury and product |
-
1927
- 1927-08-01 US US209788A patent/US1780504A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2930921A (en) * | 1954-05-28 | 1960-03-29 | Patelhold Patentverwertung | Process of filling a discharge chamber with mercury and product |
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