US1779464A - Mordanting and dyeing of materials made with or containing cellulose derivatives - Google Patents

Mordanting and dyeing of materials made with or containing cellulose derivatives Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US1779464A
US1779464A US235120A US23512027A US1779464A US 1779464 A US1779464 A US 1779464A US 235120 A US235120 A US 235120A US 23512027 A US23512027 A US 23512027A US 1779464 A US1779464 A US 1779464A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
mordant
materials
mordanting
dyeing
salts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US235120A
Inventor
Dreyfus Henry
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Henry Dreyfuss Associates LLC
Original Assignee
Henry Dreyfuss Associates LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Henry Dreyfuss Associates LLC filed Critical Henry Dreyfuss Associates LLC
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1779464A publication Critical patent/US1779464A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/34—Material containing ester groups
    • D06P3/40—Cellulose acetate
    • D06P3/405—Cellulose acetate using metallisable or mordant dyes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/92—Synthetic fiber dyeing
    • Y10S8/921—Cellulose ester or ether

Definitions

  • Patented oer. as, test may nnnrrrrs, or LONDON, nn'ennn'n MGRDANTING AND DYEING OF MATERIALS MADE WITH OR CGTAININQ l L'ULOSE DERIVATIVES
  • This invention relates to themordanting and dyeing of yarns, threads, knitted or woven fabrics or other products made with or containing cellulose acetate or other organic acid esters of cellulose, such for example, as cellulose formate, propionate or butyrate, or made with or containing cellulose ethers such as methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, or benzyl cellulose, or the corresponding condensation products of cellulose and glycols or other polyhydric alcohols, all of which cellulose derivatives are hereinafter referred to as organic substitution derivatives of cellulose.
  • mordant metals are applied to cellulose acetate materials in the form of their salts with aliphatic acids and especially with hydroxy aliphatic acids, absorption of the mordant metals takes place and when such mordanted materials are dyed with mordant dyes the full lake shades can be obtained with their characteristic fastness.
  • mordant salts whichl have found particularly useful, I may mention those of lactic, citric, glycollic and acetic acids. Such salts may further be, for example, the nornal salts or basic salts, or they may be double salts,th at is to say salts containing in addition to the mordant metal another base, such for instance, as sodium, potassium, or ammonium.
  • salts which contain two or more different aliphatic acid radicles or salts which contain in addition to the aliphatic acid radicle another acid radicle such as that of an inorganic acid.
  • aluminium sulphate-acetate, aluminium nitrate-acetate, aluminium chlorideacetate, or the corresponding salts of chromium usually basic may be employed.
  • mordant metal salts of aliphatic acids when applied in the normal concentrations employed in mordanting solutions, that is to say in concentrations of 5% or less, the absorption of the mordant metal may not be sufficient, and in such cases it is only necessary to increase the concentration of the mordant salt until asatisfactory absorption is obtained.
  • the mordant baths may contain acids, alkalies or other assistants, such assistants being so chosen that they have no deleterious effect upon the fibre under treatment.
  • mordanting cellulose acetate materials it will not benecessary to heat the mordanting bath to temperatures above 7580 (l, but if such high temperatures should be employed, i. e. temperatures which would be liable to cause delustering of the fabric, thread or the like, and particularly of materials containing dry-spun cellulose acetate artificial silk made from cellulose acetate solutions of relatively low concentrations, it is advisable, if it .is desired to avoid delustering, to employ liquids.
  • the protective salts or agents should be selected so 1a protective salts or agents.' Such salts or materials as not to cause any precipitation in the mordanting baths.
  • any of the natural'or artificial colouring matters of the mordant class may be employed in the present process, particularly useful dyeings being obtained with anthacene mordant dyes, such as alizarin, and with logwood, though any other mordant colours, such as those of the azo, oxazine, oxyquinone, and other classes, may be applied to goods mordanted according to the process of the present invention.
  • any known or suitable assistants may be added to the dyebaths.
  • an addition of dilute acetic acid or of calcium acetate may tend to brighten the colours obtained.
  • assistants may be added either before the dyeing commences or at any time during the operation. lhus, for example, the addition of acetic acid towards the end of the dyeing process, may frequently be found to aid the exhaustion of the bath.
  • protective salts or agents may be employed, particularly in the case of dyeing certain cellulose acetate materials, to prevent liability to delustering, where such prevention is desired.
  • the process of the invention i. e. the employment of mordant metals in the form of their salts with aliphatic acids, especially hydroxy aliphatic acids, may be applied to the printing and stencilling of mordants and mordant dyestuffs according to the methods known in the art. Further, pattern effects may be obtained by first printing or otherwise locally applying a suitable resist to the fabric or other material and then mordanting, after which the resists may be removed and the material dyed as usual.
  • the process may be applied to dyeing or otherwise colou ing mixed fabrics or materials, containing for example, in addition to the organic substitution derivative or derivatives of cellulose, natural silk, wool, cotton or the cellulosic type of artificial silk such as viscose, cuprammonium, or nitrocellulose artificial silks.
  • the mixed goods may be dyed in solid shades or they may be coloured locally as described, above.
  • Pattern effects may further be produced either in unmixed or in mixed goods by applying the mordants to yarns or threads, which are then made up into fabrics or other with unmordanted yarns or threads. When the whole is then dyed, pattern effects are produced.
  • Example 1 Cellulose acetate artificial silk fabric is treated for 1 hour in a bath containing 15% of aluminium acetate at 60-7 0 C. The goods are then washed off in a 1% solution of sodium carbonate at 30 C., rinsed and dyed by treatment for 1 hour at 75 C. in a bath containing 7 of alizarin (20% paste) and 1% of calcium acetate. The goods are then soaped, and finished and dried as required. The true bright red lake shade is obtained.
  • Cellulose acetate artificial silk fabric is treated for 1 hour in a bath containing 20% of aluminium lactate at -50 C. The goods are then washed off, rinsed and dyed as in Example 1.
  • E wample 3 Cellulose acetate artificial silk yarn in the form of hanks is treated for 1 hour in a bath containing 16% of aluminium aceto-lactate (prepared by dissolving 1 molecule of freshly precipitated aluminium hydroxide in 1 molecule of acetic acid and 2 molecules of lactic acid), the mordanting being carried out at 60 C. The goods are then washed off, rinsed and dyed as in Example 1.
  • aluminium aceto-lactate prepared by dissolving 1 molecule of freshly precipitated aluminium hydroxide in 1 molecule of acetic acid and 2 molecules of lactic acid
  • mordant metals such for example as chromium and iron, may be similarly applied, and furthermore materials made with or containing other organic substitution derivatives of cellulose may be mordanted and dyed by similar methods.
  • mordants and of mordant dye stuffs have been given above, it is to be understood that the invention extends to the application of any suitable mordant metals and of any suitable mordant dyestuffs, the invention comprising broadly the application of mordant metals in the form of their salts with aliphaticwacids and especially hydroxy aliphatic acids to materials consisting of or containing organic substitution derivatives of cellulose. It will further be understood that, though the above examples show mordanting prior to dyeing, the invention is not limited to this method, but includes also mordanting simultaneously with or subsequently to the dyeing. For example it is found that the lactate mordants may be applied together with the dyestuffs, particularly with alizarin colours. v
  • a process for mordanting materials comprising organic substitution derivatives of cellulose, comprising treatin the materials with solutions of aliphatic aci salts of mordant metals.
  • a process for mordanting materials comprising organic substitution derivatives of cellulose, comprising treating the materials with solutions of aliphatic acid salts of mordant metals of at least 15% concentration.
  • a process for mordanting materials comprising cellulose acetate, comprising treating the materials with solutions of aliphatic acid salts of mordant metals.
  • a process for mordanting materials comprising cellulose acetate, comprising treating the materials with solutions of aliphatic acid salts of mordant metals of at least 15% concentration.
  • a process for mordanting materials comprising cellulose acetate, comprising treating the materials with solutions of mordant metal acetates.
  • a process for, mordanting materials comprising cellulose acetate, comprising treating the materials with solutions of mordant metal acetates of at least 15% concen tration.
  • a process for mordanting materials comprising cellulose acetate, comprising treating the materials with aluminium acetate solution.
  • a process for mordanting materials comprising cellulose, acetate, comprislng treating the materials With aluminium ace tate solution of at least 15% concentration.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)

Description

Patented oer. as, test may nnnrrrrs, or LONDON, nn'ennn'n MGRDANTING AND DYEING OF MATERIALS MADE WITH OR CGTAININQ l L'ULOSE DERIVATIVES This invention relates to themordanting and dyeing of yarns, threads, knitted or woven fabrics or other products made with or containing cellulose acetate or other organic acid esters of cellulose, such for example, as cellulose formate, propionate or butyrate, or made with or containing cellulose ethers such as methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, or benzyl cellulose, or the corresponding condensation products of cellulose and glycols or other polyhydric alcohols, all of which cellulose derivatives are hereinafter referred to as organic substitution derivatives of cellulose.
Hitherto, the mordanting of cellulose acetate materials has presented con'siderabledifficulties owing to the fact that cellulose acetate does not take up the mordant metals from the ordinary mordanting'solutions or does not take them up in sufiicient quantities to admit of satisfactory dyeings being obtained. 1
l[ have now found that if the mordant metals are applied to cellulose acetate materials in the form of their salts with aliphatic acids and especially with hydroxy aliphatic acids, absorption of the mordant metals takes place and when such mordanted materials are dyed with mordant dyes the full lake shades can be obtained with their characteristic fastness.
I have further found that by using the mordant metal salts of aliphatic acids, and
especially w of hydroxy aliphatic acids, materials made" of or containing other organic substitution derivatives of cellulose, maybe mordanted. E
Of the mordant salts whichl have found particularly useful, I may mention those of lactic, citric, glycollic and acetic acids. Such salts may further be, for example, the nornal salts or basic salts, or they may be double salts,th at is to say salts containing in addition to the mordant metal another base, such for instance, as sodium, potassium, or ammonium.
Thus good mordanting is obtainable, for example with any of the following salts basic chromium lactate, aluminium lactate, sodium aluminium lactate. basic aluminium lllenrawing. Application filed November 22,1927, Serial No. 235,120, and in GreatBritain December 3, 1926.
rous acetate (pyrolignite of iron) and coppen acetate.
Further I may use salts which contain two or more different aliphatic acid radicles, or salts which contain in addition to the aliphatic acid radicle another acid radicle such as that of an inorganic acid. Thus for instance aluminium sulphate-acetate, aluminium nitrate-acetate, aluminium chlorideacetate, or the corresponding salts of chromium (usually basic) may be employed.
In some cases, when the mordant metal salts of aliphatic acids are applied in the normal concentrations employed in mordanting solutions, that is to say in concentrations of 5% or less, the absorption of the mordant metal may not be sufficient, and in such cases it is only necessary to increase the concentration of the mordant salt until asatisfactory absorption is obtained.
The mordant baths may contain acids, alkalies or other assistants, such assistants being so chosen that they have no deleterious effect upon the fibre under treatment.
In general when mordanting cellulose acetate materials according to the process of the present invention, it will not benecessary to heat the mordanting bath to temperatures above 7580 (l, but if such high temperatures should be employed, i. e. temperatures which would be liable to cause delustering of the fabric, thread or the like, and particularly of materials containing dry-spun cellulose acetate artificial silk made from cellulose acetate solutions of relatively low concentrations, it is advisable, if it .is desired to avoid delustering, to employ liquids. It will be understood that the protective salts or agents should be selected so 1a protective salts or agents.' Such salts or materials as not to cause any precipitation in the mordanting baths.
Any of the natural'or artificial colouring matters of the mordant class may be employed in the present process, particularly useful dyeings being obtained with anthacene mordant dyes, such as alizarin, and with logwood, though any other mordant colours, such as those of the azo, oxazine, oxyquinone, and other classes, may be applied to goods mordanted according to the process of the present invention. As with the mordant baths, any known or suitable assistants may be added to the dyebaths. Thus, for instance, in dyeing with alizarin or similar colours, an addition of dilute acetic acid or of calcium acetate may tend to brighten the colours obtained. Such assistants may be added either before the dyeing commences or at any time during the operation. lhus, for example, the addition of acetic acid towards the end of the dyeing process, may frequently be found to aid the exhaustion of the bath.
As in the mordanting process, if the temperature of the dyebath is allowed to exceed 75-80 (l, for any reason, such as to promote exhaustion or to obtain fuller shades, protective salts or agents may be employed, particularly in the case of dyeing certain cellulose acetate materials, to prevent liability to delustering, where such prevention is desired.
The process of the invention, i. e. the employment of mordant metals in the form of their salts with aliphatic acids, especially hydroxy aliphatic acids, may be applied to the printing and stencilling of mordants and mordant dyestuffs according to the methods known in the art. Further, pattern effects may be obtained by first printing or otherwise locally applying a suitable resist to the fabric or other material and then mordanting, after which the resists may be removed and the material dyed as usual.
The process may be applied to dyeing or otherwise colou ing mixed fabrics or materials, containing for example, in addition to the organic substitution derivative or derivatives of cellulose, natural silk, wool, cotton or the cellulosic type of artificial silk such as viscose, cuprammonium, or nitrocellulose artificial silks. The mixed goods may be dyed in solid shades or they may be coloured locally as described, above.
Pattern effects may further be produced either in unmixed or in mixed goods by applying the mordants to yarns or threads, which are then made up into fabrics or other with unmordanted yarns or threads. When the whole is then dyed, pattern effects are produced.
It will be understood that it is not necessary in making up the mordanting baths to prepare the salts of the present invention first, as they may be prepared by double decomposition or by other means in the mordanting baths themselves.
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but not to limit it in any way Example 1 Cellulose acetate artificial silk fabric is treated for 1 hour in a bath containing 15% of aluminium acetate at 60-7 0 C. The goods are then washed off in a 1% solution of sodium carbonate at 30 C., rinsed and dyed by treatment for 1 hour at 75 C. in a bath containing 7 of alizarin (20% paste) and 1% of calcium acetate. The goods are then soaped, and finished and dried as required. The true bright red lake shade is obtained.
Example .9
Cellulose acetate artificial silk fabric is treated for 1 hour in a bath containing 20% of aluminium lactate at -50 C. The goods are then washed off, rinsed and dyed as in Example 1.
E wample 3 Cellulose acetate artificial silk yarn in the form of hanks is treated for 1 hour in a bath containing 16% of aluminium aceto-lactate (prepared by dissolving 1 molecule of freshly precipitated aluminium hydroxide in 1 molecule of acetic acid and 2 molecules of lactic acid), the mordanting being carried out at 60 C. The goods are then washed off, rinsed and dyed as in Example 1.
Other mordant metals, such for example as chromium and iron, may be similarly applied, and furthermore materials made with or containing other organic substitution derivatives of cellulose may be mordanted and dyed by similar methods.
Though specific examples of mordants and of mordant dye stuffs have been given above, it is to be understood that the invention extends to the application of any suitable mordant metals and of any suitable mordant dyestuffs, the invention comprising broadly the application of mordant metals in the form of their salts with aliphaticwacids and especially hydroxy aliphatic acids to materials consisting of or containing organic substitution derivatives of cellulose. It will further be understood that, though the above examples show mordanting prior to dyeing, the invention is not limited to this method, but includes also mordanting simultaneously with or subsequently to the dyeing. For example it is found that the lactate mordants may be applied together with the dyestuffs, particularly with alizarin colours. v
What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A process for mordanting materials comprising organic substitution derivatives of cellulose, comprising treatin the materials with solutions of aliphatic aci salts of mordant metals.
2. Process for mordant dyeing materials comprising organic'substitution derivatives of cellulose, comprising treating the materials with solutions of aliphatic acid salts of mordant metals and subsequently dyeing with mordant dyestufis.
3. A process for mordanting materials comprising organic substitution derivatives of cellulose, comprising treating the materials with solutions of aliphatic acid salts of mordant metals of at least 15% concentration.
4. A process for mordanting materials comprising cellulose acetate, comprising treating the materials with solutions of aliphatic acid salts of mordant metals.
5. Process for mordant dyeing materials comprising cellulose acetate, comprising treating the materials with solutions of aliphatic acid salts of mordant metals and subsequently dyeing with mordant dyestufis.
6. A process for mordanting materials comprising cellulose acetate, comprising treating the materials with solutions of aliphatic acid salts of mordant metals of at least 15% concentration.
7. A process for mordanting materials comprising cellulose acetate, comprising treating the materials with solutions of mordant metal acetates.
8. Process for mordant dyeing materials comprising cellulose acetate, comprising treating the materials with solutions of mordant metal acetates and subsequently dyeing with mordant dyestuifs.
9. A process for, mordanting materials comprising cellulose acetate, comprising treating the materials with solutions of mordant metal acetates of at least 15% concen tration.
10. A process for mordanting materials comprising cellulose acetate, comprising treating the materials with aluminium acetate solution.
11. A process for mordanting materials comprising cellulose, acetate, comprislng treating the materials With aluminium ace tate solution of at least 15% concentration.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.
HENRY DREYFUS.
US235120A 1926-12-03 1927-11-22 Mordanting and dyeing of materials made with or containing cellulose derivatives Expired - Lifetime US1779464A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1779464X 1926-12-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1779464A true US1779464A (en) 1930-10-28

Family

ID=10890454

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US235120A Expired - Lifetime US1779464A (en) 1926-12-03 1927-11-22 Mordanting and dyeing of materials made with or containing cellulose derivatives

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US1779464A (en)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3303051A (en) Process of conditioning cellulose acetate with hydroxyethylcellulose
US1688553A (en) Dyeing of materials made with or containing cellulose derivatives
US2182964A (en) Coloration of textile and other materials
US2206278A (en) Textile and other materials
US1779464A (en) Mordanting and dyeing of materials made with or containing cellulose derivatives
GB500960A (en) Improvements in the treatment of textile materials
US2514410A (en) Printing of cellulose acetate using methyl cellulose as a thickener for strongly alcoholic dye solutions
US1930232A (en) Coloration of materials
US2133470A (en) Treatment of artificial materials
US2754171A (en) G organtciderivative
US1968855A (en) Coloring of textile materials
US1913410A (en) Treatment of material containing derivatives of cellulose and product thereof
US2589953A (en) Dyeing of cellulosic textile materials by forming lakes of basic dyes in the fibers
US2048786A (en) Treatment of textile material
US1980429A (en) Coloration of materials made of or containing cellulose or cellulose derivatives
US1985248A (en) Nxcxnh
US2517751A (en) Dyeing of cellulose acetate with acid dyes in an aqueous solution containing a mixture of swelling agents
US1871470A (en) Dyeing of cellulose derivatives
US1816766A (en) Process of dyeing and printing cellulose esters
US1694466A (en) Process of obtaining metallic effects on fabrics containing organic derivatives of cellulose
US2078861A (en) Manufacture of azo dyestuffs
US2344974A (en) Dyeing cellulose derivatives
US2094770A (en) Dyeing of organic derivatives of cellulose
US2131320A (en) Printing with mordant dyestuffs
US2132074A (en) Treatment of direct dyestuffs