US1778904A - Carburetor for internal-combustion engines - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 21 1930. G LOUTZ 1,778,904

CARBURETOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed April 26 1926 Patented Oct. 21, 1930 GEORGES LOUTZ, OF BRUSSELS, BELGIUM,

PATENT OFFICE assmnon, BY iuEsNn ASSIGNMENTS, 'ro

THEL'MA CARIBURATOR COMPANY SOCIETE ANONYME, OF BRUSSELS, BELGIUM, A-

GOBPORATION 0F BELGIUM GARBUBETOR FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTI ON ENGINES Application filed April 26, 1928, Serial No.

This invention relates to carburetors for internal combustion engines.

The object of the invention is to provide a carburetor which is simple in structure, economical to manufacture, and efficient in operation. 1

A further object is to provide a carburetor of the nature referred to which is automatically actuated and controlled by the suction action of the engine to secure and maintain the proper economical feed of the fuel in the desired proportion according to the speed of the engine.

A further object is to provide a carburetor in which a desirable excess of fuel is automatically supplied to the engine temporarily in starting up the engine from rest.

A further object is to secure and maintain the required admixture of fuel and air to constitute the explosive charge according to the desired speed of operation of the engine.

A further object is to dispense with the float control of the supply of fuel now in common use in carburetors.

Other objects of the invention will appear more fully hereinafter.

The invention consists substantially in the construction, combination, location and relative arrangement of parts, all as will be more fully hereinafter set forth, as illustrated in the accompanying drawing, and finallypointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawing :5-

Fig. 1 is a view in central longitudinal section of a carburetor structure embodying the principles of my invention.

Fig. 2 is a view in section on the line 2, 2, Fig. 1 parts broken off, showing the relation of the parts with the auxiliary air control throttle in wide open-position.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 with the throttle shown in almost closed position for slow running of the engine;

The same part is designated by the same reference numeral throughout the several views.

Inorder to effect the quick easy starting up of a motor engine from rest it is desirable to supply, temporarily, an excess of motor fuel to the engine. It is among the 104,783, and in Belgium October 10, 1925.

motor fuel, which, under suitable valve control, is in communication with the jets or orifices through which the fuel is sup lied into a mixing space or chamber for a 'xture therewith of air in the required proportion to form the explosive charge. The valve which controls the supply of fuel from the reservoir or storage chamber to the mixing chamber, in one form of embodiment of the principles involved, is disposed to operate after the manner of a plunger in the fuel storage chamber or reservoir, so that when the plunger valve is suddenly operated to open up the communication between said reservoir and the charge mixing chamber in starting the engine from rest, said valve displaces the fuel contained in the reservoir and forces the same, in temporary excess, into the charge mixing chamber.

To effect this operation of the valve I connect the same so as to be influenced by the sudden inrush of air into the mixing chamber due to the suction action of the engine in starting up. I also provide means whereby the continued suction action of the engine, in the continuous operation thereof, is utilized to control the position of the valve with relation to its function of controlling, the supply of fuel tov the mixing chamber in accordance with the desired speed of theengine, and to maintain such supply uniform for any articular speed, thus utilizing the valve an the engine suctionin co-action with each other to accomplish the double function of temporarily supplying an excess of fuel in initially starting up the engine, and also of controlling the economic supply thereof for contin- .uous operation and according to the desire speed, thereby securing a quick easy starting of the engine and economy of fuel consumption in continuous operation thereof.

It is also within the contemplation of my invention to provide means, if desired, or required, to supply additional air to the explomixing chamber b the suction action of the engine I restrict t e area of the passage for the air in the vicinity of the jets-or orifices through which the fuelis supplied into the mixing chamber. This ma be accomplished in various ways. In accor ance with my invention I propose to employ a choke device which is mounted in the mixm chamber and disposed in such relation to the fuel jets or orifices as to produce a restricted passageway for the indrawn air there ast, and in order to accommodate the car uretor device to various types and makes of motor engine, I provide for the adjustment of the choke with relation to the fuel jets or orifices so as to vary the location of the greatest restriction of the air passageway with reference to the fuel jets according to the character of the motor engine in connection with which the carbuac retor is to be employed.

In the structure shown for carrying out 1 my invention, in one illustrative embodiment wall of member 4 with a mixin thereof; I provide a tubular member 4,

formed with an enlargement of its axial bore .at the inner end thereof to constitute a fuel stora e chamber or reservoir 7. This storage amber is formed with an extended portion 41 of restricted area which communicates through jets or orifices 5, through the chamber 15.

An annular valve seat 13 is ormed in the bore of member 4 at a point intermediate the reservoir or fuel storage chamber 7, and the extension 41 of said chamber. The fuel 'supply hasaccess to the storage chamber 7 through a conduit 6, which communicates therewith and with a fuel supply pipe connection 18. A needle valve 17 controls the supply of fuel from the supply ipe connection to the conduit 6. Dispose in the fuel reservoir or chamber 7 is the valve 8, the stem 9 of which extends throu h the extension 41 of chamber 7 and throug the portion 10 of the tubular member 4, as a guide; The valve 8 is exteriorly ta ered so as to coact with valve seat 13 to c ose or to open it more or less, according to theextent of movement of said valve towards and from said seat. The valve 8 constitutes, in effect, a plunger which moves freely in chamber 7, so that when said valve is suddenly moved from its seated position in the valve seat 13, which is its normal position when the motor engine is at rest, the head of said valve moves" through the chamber 7 and displaces the fuel supply of fuel.

contained or stored up therein, thereby forcing such fuel into the extension 41 of chamber 7 and through the jets or orifices 5. This operation supplies the temporary excess of fuel to the engine in starting up thelatter from rest, since, as will presently be exa plained, the valve 8 is suddenly unseated by the suction action of the engine in starting up. This excess supply of fuel is only temporary for the reason that when the engine is once started the valve 8 assumes ainore or less steady 'osition, being shifted therefrom only when t e speed of the engine is varied in which case the movement thereof in chamber 7 is not suflicient to cause any appreciable excess flow of fuel through the ets or orifices. Mounted on the extended end 42 of the valve stem 9 is a member 11, shown in this instance in the form of a disc, and which, when the engine'is at rest is heldseated against a shoulder 14 of enclosing casing 31. Said member 11 is so heldyieldingly by means of a spring 12, and when in this position the valve 8 is held in its valve seat 13. The annular seating surface 14' encom asses the passage through which the air is rawn into and through the casing by the suction action of the engine, and hence the member 11 is subjected to the action of the entering air pressure. This pressure tends to move said member 11, against the yielding resistance of the spring 12, thereby shifting and maintaining the valve 8 out of its seat 13 to an extent dependent upon the degree of the pressure exerted thereon by the incoming air, that is, de ent upon the speed at which the engine is operating,,thus securing great economy in fuel consumption. It is this movement of member 11 and valve 8,-in the illustrat've form of my invention as shown, suddenly imposed in starting up the engine, which effects temporarily the supply of a surplus of fuel to secure quick easy starting of the engine.

It is desirable in carburetor devices to utilize the current of air drawn in by the suction action of the engine to aid in effecting the To accomplish this function in a simple effective and economical manner the current of in-drawn air is caused to sweep past the jets or orifices 5, thereby creating a siphonic negative pressure on the fuel and hence drawing the fuel through said jets or orifices and into and carrying it along with the air to form the explosive charge. To secure the best results it is desirable to increase the'velocity of the indrawn air in the region where it passes the jets or orifices. I accomplish this by mounting an annular choke member 16 within the casing 31. This choke member 16 is in :he form of a ring or sleeve which encompasses the tubular member 4, and its least internal diameter is disposed in such relation to said member 4, and the jets or orifices 5, therein as to cause a restriction'at that point in the area of the passage through which the air is drawn. This secures the desired increase in velocity of the air flow past the orifices or jets 5, and hence the desired supply of the fuel, according to 5 the desired speed of the engine. Since the suction action exerted by-engines is dependent upon the size and len th of stroke of the pistons, and since these actors vary in engines of various makes, I pro ose, in accordance with my invention to a apt the carburetor to use on engines of various makes by mounting the choke member 16 so as to be replaceable or adjustable with relation to the jets or orifices so that the position thereof may be varied to suit the requirements of engines of the various makes. In the arrangem'ent shown the choke 16 is held in its replaceable or adjusted position by means of the screw 40, by means of which the casing 31 is retained in place. I

The explosive charge passes from the mixing-chamber of the carburetor to the engine. This maybe accomplished in various ways. As shown this passage is through the connections 19, 20 to the engine intake. If desired, or required, the usual throttle or similar device 21 may be disposed in this connection and actuated and controlled in the usual manner,

as, for example, from the accelerator through an arm 22. g

It may sometimes be desirable to dilute an over-rich explosive charge, in order to secure better operation of the engine and a more economical consumption of fuel. This result may be accomplished by providing for the sup ly of additional or auxiliary air to the exp osive charge in its passage to the engine. Such additional or auxiliary air may be supplied in various ways. Ihave shown a simple arran ement wherein the throttle member 21 throttle member 21 is mounted to rotate within a casing 24 and is rovided with a seriesof annularly dispose passages 25, adapted to be brought into register with co-operating ports 27 formed in adjustably mounted stationary cover plates 30, disposed at opposite sides of the throttle member 21. If desired the registering passages 25, and ports 27, one or the other, may be elongated as indicated in dotted lines in Figs. 2 and 3, so that, when the member 21 is rotatively moved relatively to the cover plate, the registering areas of the passages and ports are gradually increased or diminished as the case may. be. The cover plates may be held in their adjustable position in any suitable way, as for example, by means of the screws 26. Thus the supply of auxiliary or additional air into the passage 28 traversed by the explosive mixture in its travel to the engine is controlled automatically by the manipulation of the throttle by the driver, thereby effectively controlling the character of the mixture supplied to,

the engine. It is quite obvious that other specific arrangements may be employed to secure the supply of additional air.

Having no set forth the objects and'nature of my inven tion anda practical structure embodying the principles thereof, What I claim as new and useful and of my own inventions, and desire to secure-by Letters Patent is 1. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines, a. mixing chamber having inlet and outlet openings, a fuel chamber in said casing in communication with said mixing chamber through a series of fuel discharge nozzles and a passage, a fuel control valve longitudinally movable in said fuel chamber, said valve having an enlarged end projecting into said fuel chamber and its other end projecting into said mixing chamber, a suction operated disc on the projecting end of said fuel control valve and arranged in the inlet opening of said mixing chamber, and a spring for normally causing said fuel control valve to close said passage, the enlarged end of said fuel control valve acting as a plunger during starting to force excess fuel from said fuel chamber through said passage and nozzles into said mixing chamber and during running to maintain a steady flow of fuel varying in quantity in accordance With the speed of the engine.

2. In a carburetor a casing having a mixing chamber communicating with the outer air, with a fuel supply and with the engine a valve actuated by the intake of air to and through the chamber to control the supply of fuel to said chamber, a throttle to control the supply ofthe explosive charge to the engine,

and means actuated by said throttle for controlling the supply of additional air to -the charge at a point between-the mixing chamber and the engine.

3.. In a carburetor, a casing'having a mixing chamber, a fuel casing disposed centrally in the mixing chamber having a fuel reservoir formed at its inner end and a series of radial discharge nozzles formed outwardly of the reservoir, a longitudinally adjustable fuel control valve adapted to control the discharge of fuel through the radial nozzles and operating in the fuel reservoir, and a suction operated valve comprising a disk supported solely by the outer end of the fuel control valve adapted to open the fuel valve to supply fuel into the mixing chamber directly in accordance with the suction produced in the mixing chamber.

4. In a carburetor, a casing having a mixing chamber, a fuel casing disposed longitudinally in the center of the mixing chamber formed with a fuel reservoir in its inner end and a series of radial discharge nozzles arranged outwardly of the reservoir, a fuel control valve longitudinally adjustable in the fuel casing and having an enlarged head within the fuel reservoir adapted to control the delivery of fuel through the discharge nozzles, and a suction operated disc fixed on the outer end of the fuel valve and supported solely thereby adapted to automatically operate the fuel valve to supply fuel to the mixing chamber directly in accordance with the suction produced therein.

5. In a carburetor, a casing having a passage therethrough forming a mixing chamm ber, said passage communicating with outer air and with the engine, whereby air is drawn into and through said passage by engine suction, a member disposed longitudinally in said passage forming a fuel supply chamber and having a plurality of radial fuel jets establishing communication between said passage and said fuel supply chamber,-a valve stem slidably mounted in said member having an enlarged head forming a -valve for controlling the flow, of fuel from said fuel supply chamber, a needle valve for controlling the fuel supply to said fuel supply chamber, disc means mounted on said valve stem and disposed in said passage for controlling the valve under the suction action of the engine, a spring for resisting the movement of the disc means, a throttle valve in vsaid passage for controlling flow of air to the engine and an inlet valve controlled by said throttle valve for supplying additional 'air to the mixture after mixing.

In witness whereof I aflix my signature. GEORGES LOUTZ.

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