US1778710A - Beater roll - Google Patents

Description

A. J. ALLISON Oct. 21, I930.

HEATER ROLL Filed Jan. 21 1928 2 SheetsSheet l grunt-11km Get. 21, 1930. A. .1. ALLISON 1,778,710

' HEATER ROLL Filed Jan. 21, 1928 2 Shets-Sheet 2 E13- FT 5 4 Z Patented Oct. 21, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE .ALBERT J. ALLISON, OF DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO SIMONDS WORDEN WHITE COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF OHIO IBEATER ROLL Application filed January 21, 1928. Serial No. 248,500.

This invention relates to beaters for mechanically treating pulp (called stuff) in the manufacture of paper, and it relates more particularly to improvements in the beater roll," whereby the output of the beater is increased, the quality of the product improved, and a new method of beating stuff provided.

The oldest type of beater known, and the 19 one most extensively used to this day, is

called the hollander, and it comprises a large tub, oblong in plan, but having circular ends. A partition in the middle of the tub, parallel to the sides, which partition terminates some distance from each end, converts the tub into an endless channel in which the stud circulates. This partition is called the midfeather. A. massive roll is mounted to rotate in the space between the midfeather so and one side of the tab, on an axis normal to the midfeather. Radiating from the roll, parallel to its axis, is a number of'blades, called fly bars. Directly below the roll is the bed plate, consisting of a number of flat metal plates or bars bolted together, with a strip of wood between each two plates, thereby forming spaces between the plates, spaces about as wide, usually, as the plates are thick. The bars of the bed plate run parallel or substantially parallel to the shaft.

This bed plate is secured in a chair or box formed in the bottom of the. tub, and by adjusting the altitude of the roll the fly bars are made to cooperate with the bars of the :7 bed plate in the desired manner.

The fly bars in the roll act upon the stuff in the tub much as the blades of a boats paddle wheel and the stuff is set in rapid circulation around the midfeather. In order 4 to facilitate this circulation a sort of dam,

.3 the bottom of the tub. The roll carries the stuff up to and over the crest of the back fall and the stuff is given momentum by its dew-eat of the slope. Although heaters of modiiied construction have appeared from 53 time to time since the advent of the holto be made therefrom,etc. Other characteristics may or may not be imparted to the fibers, as desired, but in all cases two things are important in beating paper stock: (1) the material should be abundantly hydrated, and (2) generation of heat should be avoided. One of the objects of this invention is to secure these desiderata.

Another object is to control the flow of stutf around the circuit so as to more thoroughly mix the components; also to insure uniform treatment of all the stuff.

I shall now proceed to describe a physical embodiment of my invention, assisted by the accom mnying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic plan view of a beater of the holland type. But this beater differs from the hollander in that the fly bars are arranged in groups, with spaces between the groups, and the bars are set diagonlallly instead of parallel to the axis of the r0 Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of this beater, also diagrammatic, showin the relationship gfuthe roll, bed plate, midfeather and back- Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional View of a roll built in accordance with my invention;

Fig. 4 is a fragmental end view of the roll, with the outer disk removed to show the manner in which the grouping and support of the diagonal fly bars are effected;

b "Fig. 5 is an end View of an unmounted fly Fig. 6 is a view of the fly bar, looking toward its corrugated edge;

Fig. 7 is a lan view of a group of fly bars of modified orm;

Fig. 8 is an elevation of a fragment of the group shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 9 is an end view similar to Fig. 4, but

containing groups of bars of the type shown in Figs 7 and 8.

Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2, the tub is indicated at 25, the midfeather at 26, the roll at 27, the bed plate at 28 (Fig. 2 only) and the'back-fall at 29. In Fig. 2 the direction of rotation of the roll is indicated with an arrow, and in Fig. 1 arrows indicate the direction in which the stuff circulates around the midfeather. It will be assumed that the bed plate is of the ordinary construction, consisting of flat bars bolted together with strips of wood between them to form spaces between the bars.

Referring now to Fig. 3, it will be seen that the shaft 30 has three disks rigidly secured to it, a center disk 31 and two end disks, 32, 32. In Fig. 4 the near disk 32 has been removed, revealing disk 31. The perimeter of the disk 31 comprises a rim 33, carrying a series of lugs or teeth 34. At one side of the root' of each of these teeth, indicated at 35, Fig. 4 the teeth are under-cut. The spaces 36 between the teeth are thus given a dovetail form at their inner parts. The teeth are tied together by narrow webs 37, Fig. 3. The end disks being alike, one only will be described. The rim 38 carries teeth 39, said teeth being tied together by webs 40, which webs are, in effect, part of the disk itself. The teeth are also undercut at one side'of the root, not

' shown, to form the dovetail described in connection with disk 31. The disks 32, 32 are so placed on the shaft 30 with reference to disk 31, that the spaces between the teeth of the several disks are in alinement and parallel with the axis of the shaft.

I shall now describe the manner of mounting the fly bars in groups with spaces between the groups. Figs. 3 and 4 show the fly bars set in blocks 50, which blocks are rectangular in plan and of substantial thickness. Grooves are formed in these blocks to receive the dovetail-shaped inner edges 51 of the fly bars 51, the shape of which edges is shown in Fig. 5. The grooves are made somewhat wider than the edges 51 are thick, and wedges 52 are driven into the grooves to close the spaces and secure the bars therein. Beginning close to the surface of the block the bars are corrugated radially as in Fig. 6. See also Figs. 4 and 5. At the forward edge of each group each bar has its forward corner rounded off as shown in Fig. 4. Each block 50 has a rib or tongue 53 extending from one longitudinal edge, and coextensive with the block. In the same position on the other longitudinal edge the block has a groove 54 complementary to the tongue 53. The blocks 50 are attached to the roll by means of supporting bars 60, which bars lie in the radial slots in the peripheries of the disks 31 and 32. One side of each' of thesebars 60 has a groove to receive the tongue 53 on the block 50, and on the opposite side the bar has a tongue adapted to enter a groove 54 in a block 50. See Fig. 4. A space 55 between each two groups of bars is formed by leaving the space between two supporting bars 60 without a block 50 and filling the space with wood.

For this purpose I prefer to use two pieces of wood. One piece, 61, has a groove to receive the tongue on the bar. After this piece of wood is in place I drive in the second piece 62, which is slightly wedge-shape in cross section. The wood filling is flush with the suporting bars 60, which bars are flush with the blocks 50. Each supporting bar has a notch in its inner edge which enables the bar to straddle the web 37 between the teeth 34 on the disk 31. See Fig. 3. When the fly bars 51 wear out they can be replaced. New bars can be put into the'old blocks.

One reason for adopting the structure just described is that it enables me to apply my improvement to many old rolls whiclr have previously been equipped with the usual equally spaced, longitudinally disposed, fly bars. In fact, the portion of the disk shown in Fig. 4 illustrates a disk designed to carry the ordinary fly bar equipment. It will be noticed that below the center of each block 50 in Fig. 4 there is a vacant slot 36, and that the width of all the teeth 34 is the same. In this connection it should be remarked that each wooden filler 61-62 hides a tooth 34 in the disk 31. In other words, Fig. 4 illustrates my improved fly bar arrangement applied to a roll built originally for the old fly bar arrangement. In building a roll especially for equipment with my fly bar arrangement no slots would be made at the points where the vacant slots 36 appear in Fig. 4.

teferriug to Figs. 7, 8 and 9. I shall now describe a modified arrangement for mounting the fly bars. Instead of the block 50 I provide a sort of box or tray, consisting of two castings fastened together with bolts 71. The fly bars 72 are merely flat metal strips, corrugated. These are spaced apart by fillers 7 4. The unit thus formed is mounted upon the roll by means of supporting bars 75 substantially as in the first described structure.

Reference has hereinbefore been made to the action of fly bars upon the stuff in the tub, as being somewhat like that of the blades of a boats paddle wheel. My fly bars produce this effect, but considerably modified by their diagonality and corrugations. The bars moving through the stuff carry the stuff along, resulting in its circulation around the midfeather, but because of the diagonality of the bars the stuff is also moved laterally to some extent. That is, the stuff is moved toward the inidfeather or toward the side of the tub, according to which way the bars lean. If it is deemed undesirable to constantly move the stuff laterally in the same direction, the bars in one group may lean one way and regard for strength.

the bars in the next group lean the other way, etc. This lateral movement of the stuff in one direction, or alternately in opposite directions, serves to mix the ingredients very thoroughly, which etfect is enhanced by the corrugz'itions. The speed of the roll is greater, of course, than the velocity of flow of the st uff, so there is a flow of stuff along the spaces between the fly bars. The corrugations agitate the stud as it flows along these spaces, which aids in the mixing of the stuff, and insures the abundant hydration of the fibres. All of this aids in cooling the fly bars. The broad spaces 55 between the groups of fly bars form ample reservoirs to feed stufl' to and receive it from the spaces between the fly bars. For some purposes it may be desirable to reduce the width of the inter-group spaces 55, and either make the groups wider or put in more groups. There are several ways in which this might be done. Additional groups might be put into the spaces 55, in place of the wood fillers. If this should result in making the inter-group spaces too narrow the supporting'bars might be made thicker.

The operation of a beater equipped with my improved roll presents some valuble and unique characteristics. I prefer to make my fly bars as thin as is consistent with a proper The rigidity of the bars is increased by their being corrugated.

Because of their thinness the heat generated by their coaction with the bed plate is quickly carried off by the stuff. Moreover, because of the obliquity of the fly bars less heat is generated than if the bars extended longitudinally. Theoretically the amount of work done by a beater should be proportional to the number of fly bars multiplied by the number of bars in the bed plate. In practice, however, this is found to be not so. It has been found that with a bed plate having numerous bars the output of a beater is not proportionately greater than when the bed plate hasbut a few bars, the quality of the product being the same in both cases. This is due to de-hydration of the stuff, which. in turn, is due to the comparative stagnation. of the stuff in the spaces between the fly bars of the roll. With the stuff in agitated flux, as between the corrugated bars of my roll, there no (lo-hydration of the fibrous component of the stuff, and all of the bars in the bed plate are equally effective.

product of the fly bars and bed plate bars.

If desired alternation of the diagonality of the fly bars may be on other than a one to one basis. For example, two groups may have their bars loan in one direction to each group in which the bars lean the other way. Thus unique efl'ects may be produced.

No mechanism is shown for raising and lowering the roll, or rotating it, vthese features being well known in the art. Nor is it Therefore the' output of the beater is proportional to the necessary to discuss the technique of roll adjustment. It suffices to say that because of the copious hydration of the fibrous component of the stuff, and the free action of the roll due to the relative angularity of the fly bars and the bars of the bed plate, the roll may be rotated at a much higher velocity than usual without danger of burning the stuff. For the same reason the fly bars may be run in very close adjustment to the bed plate.

One possible variation of my present invention consists in using a roll with the old longitudially disposed fly bars and a bed plate having free-standing diagonally disposed bars. In other words, instead of modifying the roll I 1nay,'in elfect, use as a bed plate one of the groups shown in Fig. 4. This would be a departure from all present practice in that the bed plate per se would afford a passage for the circulating stuff, Whereas the ordinary bed plate acts as a dam and impedes the flow of stuff.

In referring to the position of the bars on the roll I have used the term diagonal, where it may be thought that I should have used the word helical. If the fly bars were much longer than they are it probably would be necessary, at least desirable, to give the bars a helical form. For structural reasons I prefer to make the bars straight, which is practicable with the bars as short as they are. In this case the terms helical and diagonal are practically synomymous.

I have described my invention with such deliniteness and particularity as to enable persons skilled in the art to which the invention appertains to make and use the invention, and have illustrated and described one embodiment of the invention; also a modification of said embodiment. It is not to be understood, however, that other embodiments or modifications may not be devised. On the contrary the scope of my invention is defined by the appended claims, as follows:

1. In a beater roll, fly bars arranged in groups on the periphery thereof with spaces between the groups, the bars being set diagonally with spaces between them, which spaces connect with the aforesaid spaces between the groups.

In a heater roll, fly bars arranged in groups on the perihpery thereof with spaces between the groups, the bars being set diagonally with spaces between them, which spaces connect with the aforesaid spaces between the groups, the diagouality of the bars in some of said groups being opposite to that of the bars in the ren'iaining groups.

3. In a heater roll, fly bars arranged in groups on the periphery thereof with spaces between. the groups, the bars being set diagoually with spaces between them, which spaces connect with the aforesaid spaces between the groups, the spaces between the bars being of such width and depth as to permit a free flow of stuff therethrough.

4. In a beater roll, fly bars arranged in groups on the periphery thereof with spaces between the groups, the bars being set diagonally with spaces between them, and corrugated radially, the inter-bar spaces connecting the inter-group spaces.

- 5. In a beater roll, fly bars arranged in groups, the bars being set diagonally with spaces between them, the diagonality of the bars in some of the groups being opposite to that of the bars in the remaining groups, the inter-bar spaces permitting flow of stuff therethrough.

6. In a beater roll, fly bars arranged in groups, the bars being set diagonally with spaces between them, the diagonality of the bars in some of said groups being opposite to that of the bars in other groups, the bars being corrugated radially.

7. A rectangular metal block having broad and comparatively thin metal bars standing on edge thereon, the edges of the bars being embedded in the block, said bars running diagonally across the block with spaces between them, the bars being corrugated perpendicularly to the block.

8. A rectangular metal block, having broad and comparatively thin metal bars standing on edge thereon, the edges of the bars being embedded in the block, said bars running diagonally across the block with spaces between them.

9. A beater roll comprising a shaft carrying a plurality of disks having radially extending slots formed in their perimeters,supporting bars secured in said slots and connecting the several disks; rectangular metal blocks having fly bars standing on edge thereon, the edges of the bars being embedded in the block, said fly bars being placed diagonally thereon, and means for securing each block between and to two of said supporting bars with the outer surface of the block flush with the edges 01 the bars.

10. A beater roll comprising a shaft carrying a plurality of disks, having radially extending slots formed in their perimeters, supporting bars secured in said slots and connecting the several disks; fly bars arranged in groups. said bars being set diagonally with spaces between them. and means for securing each group between and to a pair of said supporting bars.

11. A beater roll comprising a shaft carrying a plurality of disks, having radially extending slots formed in their perimeters, supporting bars secured in said slots and connecting the several disks, fly bars arranged in groups, said bars being set diagonally with spaces between them, means for securing each group between and to a pair of said supporting bars, there being one-half as many groups as there are supporting bars, the spaces between said pairs of supporting bars being closed by wooden fillers whose outer surfaces are substantially flush with the outer edge of said supporting bars.

12. A rectangular metal block, having slots in one side running diagonally from one longitudinal edge to the other, beater bars having their basal edges anchored therein, the remainder of the bars extending free-standing from the surface of the block.

13. A rectangular metal block, having slots in one side running diagonally from one longitudinal edge to the other, said slots being dovetail-shape, beater bars having dovetailshape basal edges, said edges being secured in said slots with wedges.

14. A rectangular metal block, having slots running diagonally from one longitudinal edge to the other, beater bars removably anchored in said block.

15. A beater roll having corrugated fly bars set on the roll diagonally, there being deep spaces between said bars, which spaces are open at each end, thereby permitting flow of stuff therethrough as the roll revolves.

16. The method of beating paper stufl, which method comprises producing a circulatory flow of stuff in the tub, and at the same time moving the stuff laterally with reference to its path of circulation at one point in the circuit.

17. The method of beating paper stuff, which method comprises producing a circulatory flow of stuff in the tub, and at the same time moving the stuif alternately to the right and left with reference to its path of circulation at one point in the circuit.

18. The method of beating paper stuff, which method comprises producing a circulatory flow of stuff in the tub, at the same time lnoving the stuff laterally With reference to its path of circulation at one point in the circuit, and agitating the stufi' thus deflected.

19. A rectangular metal block, beater bars having rectilineal basal edges, which edges are embedded in the block, the portions of the bars outside of the block being corrugated perpendicularly to the block.

20. A beater bar having a basal edge which is dovetail-shape in cross-section, the remainder of the bar being corrugated.

21. A beater roll having fly bars set diagonally, with deep, broad spaces therebetween, which spaces are open at each end, thereby permitting free flow of stuff through said spaces as the roll rotates.

A beater roll having fly bars set diagonally. with deep spaces therebetween, which spaces are open at each end whereby to permit free flow of stuff through them while the roll rotates.

23. A beater roll comprising a shaft carrying a plurality of disks having radially ex tending slots formed in their perimeters, supporting bars secured in said slots in pairs and connecting the several disks, groups of fly bars confined between said pairs of supporting bars, and wooden fillers driven between nelghboring pairs of supporting bars, whereby said supporting bars are caused to clamp the confined fly bars when the wood becomes wet and swell 24. A beater roll comprising a shaft carrying a plurality of disks having radially extending slots formed in their perimeters, supporting bars secured in said slots in pairs and connecting the several disks, said bars being anchored in the slots to prevent their movement under the influence of centrifugal force, groups of fly bars confined between said pairs of supporting bars, and wooden fillers driven between neighboring pairs of supporting bars, whereby said supporting bars are caused to clamp the confined fly bars tightly when the wood becomes wet and swells.

ALBERT J. ALLISON.

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