US1776324A - Piston and rings therefor - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 23, 1930. J. F. RILEY I 1,776,324

PISTON AND RINGS THEREFOR Filed Sept. 20, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet l 32 Inventor 4 By @Mm A iiomcy Sept. 23, 1930. 1. F. RILEY 1,776,324

PISTON AND RINGS THEREFOR Filed Sept. 20. 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 V Q Inventor A tiorney Sept. '23, 1930. F, RILEY 1,776,324

PISTON AND RINGS THEREFOR Inventor 1511199 F Fife A iiorney Sept. 23, 1930. J. F. RILEY,

PISTON AND RINGS THEREFOR I Filed Sept. 20, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet" 4 Invenfir 5 7a? 78:7 By

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I Attorney l p Patented Sept; 23, 19 30 7 i q Y J i i STATE sf' PATENT mee i V nMEsrnAircismL EY; or start mm; 'riixns v c mien Annnmes crnnnnr on I Ap' pHeatioii filed September 20, 19.29. Serial No. 39 13,962. i it V l liisinventionrelates to pistons and rin gs ed for use in thecylinder of a combustion therefor, and moreparticularly to'devices of, engine.

this character whichjare'es'pecially-adapted Figure 2 is a view in perspective ofthe v I for use in the cylinders of internal combus: depresslbl'e ring' whichreceivesthe force of -5 tion engines,;but it isto be understood,thati theexplodin'g gases and causes-certain of the 55 this invention may be used in any other ringsto expand and contract'on thepiston. manner for which same is found adapted, Figure 3 is a bottom plan view of the red such as in steam engines movable lower clamping ring or annulus.

'An importantobject of the invention is to Figure 4 is a view in perspective of the 10 provide, inamanneras hereinafter set forth, PY S O L OdYe i V g a v, I a co-acting piston and ring therefor, of a Figure 5 isa viewuin side elevationand construction iand] arrangement of parts 111 assembledpositlon oftheexpansible and whereby -.the-force,of theexplosion in the QQ m i g which r ed l' h j combustion chamber of the'engine will actv Pl Q l i 3 k 5 o 151 onjthe piston'in amanner to expand certain Flgure 6 1s a view in cross sectionshow- 6e of the rings againstthe walls ofthe cylinder mg he means of coupling, the, connecting and to contract or compress certainof'said O tO the-W I}iSt pin. L

1 rings against the pistons for the purposeof F gure 7 a p plan VI W Of the cover preventing lossof power by reasonof the P f l hee mp e element a a z exploding charge escaping downwardly be- H ,F g r av w 1n P r p ti pnng tween the piston andfthe cylinderwalhand a 51 n 1I1eCt1on with the, lower 3 wherein loss'of vcompression will be elimi-v c p g l gnated on thecompression stroke of the pis- I igu i a vertical sec imial view of a mt V H a p f r mod fication of the device. I I 2 1 Another object of the invention is to prog 10 1S a p p v 7 6 i g 75 "vide, inafmanner as hereinafter set forth, a h P 3 Whlch mb e i t 1 9 v device of the aforementioned characterlhavs r. mi I ing means for collecting lubricating oil on F g r P SP CY YB QfW of One of the'wall of the'cylinder and for conducting the llngswhlch r ed 1, hQ Q -o ,30 said oil-to the WIlSt pin bearings for the R f m h d f 1n d ail; t Q purpose of lubricatingsame. V f i Ch a 1 d signates thecyllrider Other objects of the invention are to prof l nt r a m ml gl h g -o videla device vof the aforementioned ,charo 11911312, Intake n -v lve 3 acter which is simple in-construction, which and 5 intake exhaust'passdges '5 and may be expeditiously assembled r disasand a yspark'plug all of W v 85 usual construction i e p 1 The deviceembodying this invention coin prises a piston designatedgenerally by the reference character 8, and as seen more clear lyllindl iglliree of the dfrawingsincludes a 90 V cy in rica portion 9, o a diameter to fit: of i P g z e speclficatlonzvta-kel snugly within the walls'ofthe cylinder 1 and o r 31 W 6 acpcompanylng w i said cylindrical portion 9 is provided with wherein like characters of reference designate inclined or tapered Shoulders- 10 and'll l m throughoutthe Several and upperand lower ends, respectively. Anex- 95, whefelni l 1 I tension 12 extends upwardly from the shoul F g 1 a .V l al l Il l W Of der 10 and is of less diamete'rlthan the cylinpiston and ring therefor. constructed in acdrical' portion 9 and said extension 12 is cordance with this invention, the same be-, closed, at its upperend, by the top wall 13:;

sembled, which is strong, durable, eflicient in its'ouseyand which maybe manufactured at low cost. l l iOther' objects and, advantages of the in Vention will become apparent from a study 607 ing shown in assembled positionand m'ount- The top wall 13 is provided with pairs of threaded openings Hand 15, the'purpose of which will-be presently set forth.

On its inner side,,the plston 8 1s provided with diametrically opposed inwardly extending bearing forming sleeves 16 having aligned bores extending therethrough and commum catingwith the "exterior'of the piston.: The sleeves-6 are fortlie reception-of the opposite end portions ofa wrist pin 17 upon i-thecentral portion of whichis-rigidlymounted a connecting rod-18 through themediumof a? split clamp 19'and clampingbolt-20 which extends through a transverse channel-21'on the periphery of the wrist-pill 161501 th pu f pose ofkeying rod togethers 7 The clamp 19 and the wrist pin 16 are provided with registering openings 22 and '23 for 'the passage'oflubricatingoil into the bore 24 of the wrist pin; The cylindrical por tion.9,of the piston'8'is provided:withacirsaid wrist pin andconnecting cumferential groove '25which communicates, at its oppositeends', with thewrist'pin open ing inthe piston," and saidpiston is further provided with circumferentially spaced openings 26'di'sposed invthe groove 25. The groove 25 and openings 26 are forthe purpose of collecting oil from the walls of the cylinder l' and conducting said oil into the interior of the Pistons" An eXpansible-split ring '27 having a bevcelled lower face and a horizontal upper face,

is mounted on the shoulder 10 of theipiston 8, and mounted on the horizontal upp'eri'face of the ring 27 is another ring which encircles the extension 12. A-pair" of rings 29 are mounted. in superposed relation with'respect to the rings 27 and 281and interposed between said rings 29/and the ring2'8' is a contractible ring '3O 'which encircles the upper portion of the extension 12 and is provided with op positely inclined upper and lower walls for complementary eng gement with the "adja cent wall of'the adjacent ring. 1

As before statid, the rings 27, 28 and 295 are of the'expansible'type and the ring 30: is of the contiaetible type.) A compressible gasket31of heat resisting material is mount-' ed on the upper w'all'l3 of the piston 8 and is providedwith pairs of openingsjforjregistry' withthe openings14 and 15fin said wall. A

inetafllic'disc 32 ismounted on thecOmpres 's'ible'gasket31 and is provided with pairs ofopenings 33whichr'egister with the open interposed therebetween an expansible ring 40'having oppositely bevelled upp'er and lowme a er side faces for coaction with a complementary bevelled portion of the annulus 39' and for engagement with the bevelled portion 11 of the piston'8; v The clamping ring 39 is provided with circumferentially spaced socket forming en 'largemen-ts 41 having openings 42 through the bottom thereof in alin'ement with the openings 14 and 15 of the piston. l The lower peripheral walls. ofthe passage 41 are tapered outwardly as'indicated by the reference character 43. Bolts 44 havingtapered heads 45 i i seated in the tapered portion of the socket 41,

extend upwardly {through v the openings in the socket and on opposite sides of the bear-- ing sleeves 16 and "terminate in threaded'upper end portions 46'which project upwardly through the opening'in the upper piston wall 13, the compressible gasket 31,;metallic, disc 32-, and the' 'depressible ring 35'. l Compressible spring washers L47 encircle the bolts 44 in the sockets41- and are interposed between the heads 4 5- of the bolts and- 'the bottoins'of the sockets, as seen most clear- 1y inFigure 1 of" the drawings. Securing nuts 48 arethreaded on the upper ends of the" bolts 44 and are provided withfdependin'gi' tubular iQnS 49 for-insertion in the openingsin the depressible" ring 35 and the metallicdisc32. A slidingfitishad between" the extensimls 49 d the depressible. rin 3 ndpin32. I Y Y compressible gasket- 50 is'inserted-" be tween eachof the enlarged portions of the nuts 48 and the ring '35 andsaid-nuts are secured againstac'cidental displacement from the bolts 4 o gh i h medium of trans-' Verselocking ing 51 In the operationofgthe device, assuming the piston to have completed thecompression stroke, the "sp ark plug *2 ignites the charge in the combustion chamber of the cylinder 1 V v above the piston 8 and the expansion'of the gases exerts a downward pressure on the rlng 35 with the result that said ring is forced downwardly against the metallic disc32 and the compressible gasket 3-1with theresult that the bevellededg'e 36 which engages the adja'cent'and complementary bevelled'edgeof l the u pper ring- 29, forces-said-flring 29 outwardly and downwardly theresult that its 5 the lower ring '29" is forced outwardly, the V ring 30 is forced inwardly-and the ring's'28 and 27 meforcedioutvardly g inst the-Walls ofthe cylinder.

This action is had due tothe co-act-ing'con tacting bevelled faces of the adjacent rings. a

The spring washers 47 exert a constant up ward pressure on the clamping ring 39"with the result that the ring 40 interposedbetween the clamping ring and the lower end of the piston isforced outwardlyagainst the walls of the cylinder by reasonlof the-bevelled faces i I coactingwith the complementary faces of the 7 v clamping ring' and the shoulder 11 of the pis- 1 ton, as will be obvious. 1 During the reciprocation of the piston in the cylinder 1,0il which may be on the cylinderwall'will be g'athered'in the groove 25 and 7 passed through the opening 26 into the inte rior of the piston. Owing to'the rapid reciprocation of the piston, oil which may be splashed upwardly by the crankshaft of the "engine and the oil which enters through the opening 26, will find its way into the passages I, 22 and 23 of the connecting rod 18 and wrist 7 pin 17, as indicated by the arrows in Figure 1,and said oil will then flow out through the opposite ends of the wrist pin and lubricate the samein the bearing sleeves 16, as will be apparent. 1

Invthe modified formof the invention as illustrated in Figures 9, 10 and 11 of the drawings, the piston is designated generally by the reference, character 52 and comprises 52 further includes a reduced upper portion an enlarged portion 53 of a diameter to'fit snugly within the cylinder 1 and thepiston 54 of lessdiameter than the cylinder and pro- "viding a bevelled shoulder 55. The extension 5% is provided with the peripheral groove 56 having the oil passages 57 therein, and the pairs of threaded openings 58 and 59 in the upper wall thereof. Said upper wall is designated by the reference character 60.

A pair of expansible rings 61 and '62 are mounted on the piston and are provided with i abuttinghorizontalinner sides andoppositelybevelled outer sides for engagement with i the: shoulder -a'nd the lower face of a comparatively largering 63 of the contractible through which oil passesfrom the wall of the .the invention is snmlar 1n constructlon to the form illustrated'in Figs. 1 to 8 the drawings a type which encircles the extension 54. The contractible ring 63 is of the split type andis rovided with staggered oil passages 64 cylinder 1 into the annular groove 56 and through the-openings 57 into the'interior of V the piston. V In all other details, the modified form of inclusive of In the modified formhof the invention,

when theexplosiontakes place in the combus- 1 tion chamber of the cylinder, the depressible ring 32 acts'on the rings 27, 28, 29 and 30 in the manner set forth with respect to the form of 'invention illustrated in Figsfl to 8 inelusive, and the lowermost of said'rings 27 rides outwardly on the adjacent upper'face ofthe comparatively large ring 63 with the I. result that saidring 63 is forced inwardly I and downwardly against the piston and exupper and lower bevelled faces, as will be ob? pands the rings 61 and '62 by reason of'their vious, v o

-It is believedthat the many advantages ofra piston and rings therefor constructed in accordance with this invention will be read- What is claimed is derthereof, a ring having oppositely bevelled upperiand-lowier faces mounted on the lower shoulder of. thepiston, a clamping ring engaged against the lower bevelled side ofthe lastnamed ring, a depressiblering mounted on the piston andadapted to engage thexseries of rmgs in a manner to expand and contract same under the force of the explosion in the cylinder, and means common to the clamping ring and the depressible ring for securing same on the piston.

2. A piston and ring therefor for use in the cylinder of an engine comprising a piston body having oppositely bevelled upper. and lower shoulders, an'extension prO ecting upwardly from the upper shoulder and i of less diameter than the cylinder, a compressible gasket mounted on the piston, a depressible ring in superposed relation with respect to the compressible gasket, a series of 1 split expansible and contractible rings enf circling the piston extension, compressible gaskets and the depresslble ring, a clamplng ring secured to said piston therebeneath, an

expansible ring interposed. between the clamping ringand the lower shoulder of the piston, said clamping ring, piston, compressible gasket, and the depressible ring having aligned openings, headed securing bolts ex tending through said openings and having nuts on their upper ends for clamping the a a depressible ring, compressible gasket, and the clamping ring on the piston, said depressible ring adapted to move longitudinally on the securing bolts in a manner to force the series of expansible and contractible rings with respect to the piston and cylinder.

3. A device of the character described comprising a piston, oppositely inclined upper and lower shoulders on the piston, an extension on said piston of reduced diameter, an

expansible ring having bevelled upper and lower faces positioned against the lower shoulder, a detachable clamping ring having a bevelled peripheral portion in engagement with the expansible ring coupled to the piston, a series of expansible and contractible co-acting rings extending upwardly from the upper shoulder of the piston and encircling the extension thereon, a compressible gasket mounted on the piston, a metallic disc mount ed on the gasket, a depressible ring mounted on the disc and in engagement with the series of rings ,on the upper shouldervof thepiston for the purpose of expanding certain.

of the same and contraotingcertain of the same, said depressible ring, disc, compressible gasketandthe clamping ring being pr0 1 vided with Vertically aligned -,0pemngs, securing elements extending" through said openings, threaded nuts mounted on'the upper.

ends of theseouring elements and having rep I duced sleeve portions extending through the openinginthe-depressible ring and thedisc, said securin'g elements being provided, on their lower ends with'zreteining heads and compressible spring Washers interposed betweenzthe retaining heads and the clamping I ring for yieldably maintaining said ringagainst the adjacent expansible ring.-

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature,

' w V'JAMES' FRANCIS RILEY;

mam:

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