US1775927A - Shingle - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 16,y 1930. w, BECKER 1,775,927

SHINGLE Filed July 2, 1929 lwlar:

f ZZer 360k er. A.,

Patented Sept. 16, 1930 WALTER BECKER, or CINCINNATI, omo,

PATENT OFFICE ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO

THE PATENT AND LICENSING CORPORATION, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A COR- PORATION F MASSACHUSETTS v SHINGLE Application led July 2, 1929.v Serial No. 375,465.

This application is a continuation in part of my copending application Serial No. 38,736 iiled June 22, 1925, for roofing. The invent-ion relates to an improved shin- 6 gle which can be cut without waste from any suitable sheet rooting material and which is capable of beinolaid with other similar shingles on a roof@ in a manner to afford a relatively large measure of protection 10 against the weather and to produce on the roof a pattern of regular hexagons. Another feature of the shingle is that when laid on a roof with others of the same kind, the adjacent shingles in each course will have abutting edge portions which extend at an angle to the up and down direction of the roof thus enhancing the weather-proof qualities of the roof. I" accomplish these results by producing a pentagonal shingle having certain characteristics of shape which are set forth in the following description of the invention and which arev shown on the drawing, of which;

Figure 1 represents a sheet of roofing material showing how shingles embodying the invention may be cut therefrom without waste.

Figure 2 is a plan view of two shingles embodying the invention in side by side relation as they would be laid upon a roof.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary illustration of a roof on which shingles embodying the invention have been laid.

Referring to the drawing in detail, 10 represents a shingle having five sides which are so related as to make it possible to cut a sheet of roofing material into shingles of this shape without involving any waste except a negligible amount at the beginning and end of the sheet. The shingles 10 may be cut or otherwise formed from any suitable roofing material such as the well known slate asphalt roofing which is customarily composed of a felted fibrous base saturated with a relatively low melting point'asphalt coated with a relatively high melting point asphalt and surfaced with crushed slate or other equivalent comminuted material. This material mayl be formed in long sheets. which may be conveniently cut up into roong elements of any desired shape. But the invention is not limited to the use of any particular kind of roong material. v

In order to rovide a shingle having the advantageous filatures specified, I may form my pentagonal shingle 10 with one side 11 shorter than any of the others. The sides 12 and 13 which are adjacent to the short side 11 each make an angle of 12()o with the side 11. The side 12 is preferabl just twice the length of the side 11, the si e 13 being somewhat longer than the side 12. 'Ihe remaining sides 14 and 15 are adjacent respectively to the sides 12 and 13, the side 14 being parallel to the side 13, and the side 15 being parallel to a line connecting the mutually remote ends of the sides 11 and 12. Since it is desired to form with the shingles 10 a pattern of regular hexagons on a roof the shingles are preferably laid as shown in Figures 2 and 3 with the short sides 11 lowermost and horizontal. Since the sides 11 and portions of the sides 12 and 13 will appear on the rgof, the sides 12 and 13 must be at angles of-120 with the side 11 since all the angles of a regular hexagon are 120. It is desirable to have successive shingles in the same course abutting each other, as shown in Figure 2. To this end the side 12 is madel just twice the length of the side 11, so that when the shingles are laid in a manner to form a pattern of regular hexagons the side 12 of one shingle will extend to the side 13 of the next adjacent shin le and will neither fall short nor overlap. y making the side 13 longer than the side 12 an abutting portion 16 is thus provided, the lenfrth of the segment 16 depending on the di erence of length between the sides 13 and 12. As shown in Figure 2 the abutting segment 16 is at an angle of 30 from the up and down line of the roof so that better protection is afforded against the penetration of wind-driven rain than is afforded by lines of engagement which extend vertically up and down.

In order to cut pentagonal shingles of the type described from a sheet of roofing material without waste, it is evident from Figly parallel. It is also evident that the gen- `eral direction of the zig zag line down the central portion of the sheet forming the sides 11 and 12 of successive triangles must be parallel to the side edges of the sheet. In

other words, a line through alternate apices of the zig zag line must be parallel to the side 15. At eachvapex of the zig zag line three angles of 120 each are formed since two of these angles will appear upon the roof as angles of a regular 'hexagon and the three must total 360. By cutting the shingles from a wider sheet than that shown, or by making the sides 11 and 12 shorter than shown, the difference of length between the sides 12 and 13 may be varied at will, thus varying the length of the abutting segment 16 which is van important factor in the weatherrooi= qualities of the roof. y

In laying the roof, each course is laid by arranging the sides 11 in the same straight horizontal line, successive shingles being in contact along the segments 16. In order to facilitate the alinement of the shingles I may provide a mark at thepoint of contact between the side 12 of one shingle and the side 13 of the adjacent shingle, this mark being conveniently in the form of a line17 across the shingle ending at this point. The line 17 may readily be marked on the sheet before the shingles are cut therefrom as by a pair of ink rolls or scoring rolls, or any other convenient means. The following course of shingles is laid so that the ends of the sides 11 rest upon the mid points of the sides 12 of the free portions of the sides 13. The upper edge 15 f each shingle of an upper course is aligned with and su erposed on a portion of the line 17 of a s ingle in the course next below. Thus a roof may be quickly and easily laid with these shinglesk to form a regular hexagonal pattern.

Having thus described an' embodiment of this invention it should be evident to those skilled in the art that various changes and modications might be made therein without departing from its spirit or scope as defined by the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A shingle of pentagonal shape having one side shorterpthan the others, one of the sides adjacent to said short side being subsilde and parallel vto another side'of the shing e.

one side shorter than the others, the sides `adjacent to said' short side being respectively 3. A shingle of pentagonal shape having I making an angle of 120 therewith, a third side more than twice the length of said short side and maln'ngl an angle of 120. therewith, a fourth side parallel to said third side, and a fth side parallel to 4a line between the mutually remote ends of said short side and said second side.

In testimony whereof'Il have aiixed my signature.

``WALTER BECKER.

stantially twice the length of said short side,

the lother side adjacent to said short side being more than twice the length of the short side, said adjacent sides each making an angle ofsubstantially 120 with said short side.

2. A shingle of pentagonal shape having one side shorter than the others, one of theA sides adjacent to said short side being substantially twice the length of said short side,

. the other side adjacent to said short side beesv ing more than twice thel length of said short

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