US1604708A - Shingle - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 26,1926. 1,604,708

G. W. MILLS, JR

SHINGLE Filed Sept. 26, 1921 INVENTOR j Patented Oct. 26, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE MILLS, .13., OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOB TO THE PHILIP CAREY MANU- FACTURING COMPANY, A. CORPORATION OF OHIO. 4

SHINGLE.

Application filed September 26, 1921. Serial No. 503,431.

My invention is for an improvement in shingles and is more especially an improvement in shingles of the flat type such as pre ared shingles, asbestos slate shingles an other flat shingles. My invention could in some of its features be used upon curved roofing tile or on wood shingles if desired. In the proper laying of shingles, especially of the flat type, it is advisable that a given portion only be exposed to the weather and it is essential that the shingles be spaced some distance apart in order that the roper decorative effect be given to the roo when finished and to allow for expansion and con tration due to temperature changes. To secure this proper positioning of the shingle and to facilitate the laying of it I have provided the shingle with suitable marking,

which may be of any suitable form such as.

dots, dashes or lines, but I prefer to use lines of a difierent color or shade from the surface of the shingle and more especially I prefer the use of black lines so arranged that the lines will be visible to the person b who is laying the shingles and in the finished roof will be visibly located so as to simulate shadow effects and thereby enhance the appearance of the finished roof.

In one form of my invention I have found that I can utilize the portion of the shingle exposed to the weather in conjunction with my marking to carry a part of a complete design so arranged that when the shingle is in place, breaking joints with the two shingles underlying it, the design will be brought into register with a portion of the design on each of the two underlying shingles, while the marking line, to repre-' sent the distance apart of the shingles; and 40 the portion of the design of the shingle on the second row beneath would serve to complete the figure of the design and thereby provide a roofing which had a design on it simulating curved tile or the shape or 4 form of other roof tiles depending on the design used. To do this I provide the exposed end of the shingle with the design preferably in duplicate so that each shingle represents in part a portion of two figures of the design while the underlying shingle and the shingle above would complete the design figure. Of course a shingle could have on it a portion of, or the whole of, a single figure or design if desired but I prefer to make mine as shown in Fig. 2 with a portion of two figures on the exposed end.

I have also found that by arranging the marking lines, for the proper spacing and laying of shin les, to simulate shadow effects that a shingle, even though comparatively thin, may be given the appearance on the roof of substantial thickness. This appearance is one of theresults desired by architects and others in building of finer residences. The use of prepared shingles and other thin flat shingles for such structures, notwithstanding their fire protection and weather-proof qualities have been ob- ]ected to because they gave to the roof a flat effect. This is overcome by my invention.

In the drawings I have shown two forms of my invention; Fig. l beingthe ordinary repared slate' surfaced shingle which is ormed of a felt base saturated with a bituminous material, coated with a similar bituminous material and then surfaced with a mineral surface such as slate granules. In

Fig. 2, I have shown a similar form of prepared slate surfaced shingle. In Fig. 1, -I have divided the shingle into three portions A, B, and The portion A being the portion which in the finished roof will be visible and will show an area of mineral, preferably slate, surfacing or other suitable surfacing. The portions -B and C may be of the same finish as the area A or the mineral surfacing may be omitted entirely from these portions or covered'by any suitable material such as a bituminous paint. The lines or markings D, F and H in'the preferred form of my invention will be black and preferably of a bituminous material or they may be made with mineral particles of a different color or shade. They may be madeby painting, by surface embossing or in any suitable manner. Of course the markings and the design must be of a character that will resist the effect of exposure to weather conditions. Such materials are well known to those skilled in the art. In the preferred form of my invention I also prefer to arrange the marking, to represent the distance apart of shingles in the same row, of such width as to show a black space only between the two shingles overlapping the shingle so that the black line will be visible the full width of the space between adjacent shingles except where that space is visible above or inches from the extreme lower end of the space as shown in Figure 1 where I have left the area of surfacing A exposed for the purpose of accentuat-ing the shadow like effect between shingles and giving the optical illusion of depth or thickness of shingle. To further increase the optical illusion of. thickness of shingle and give the edect in a finished roof of shingles having a thick lower or butt end I have arranged the marking lines D and H which separate respectively the area A and B, and A and C of substantial width having them at their adjacent ends provided with oblique angles 11 and I which likewise assist the illusion of thickness. Of course where a shingle is thick as in some asbestos slate shingles or tile shingles the marking lines D, F and H would not have to be solid and ofsubstantial width but could merely be a comparatively fine line or dots or other suitable markings. In such a shingle if desired the edges of the shingles could be darkened or provided with a contrasting color or shade, to the surface of the shingle, to give shadow like transi s 1y invention could also be carried out by having the shadow mark and spacing mark arranged partly on each of two adjacent shingles or the surface of the -shingle at the edge could be provided with contrasting color or shade for'the purpose of giving the shadow effect. In making prepared slate surfaced shingles I- found that the edge of the shingles, due to the color of the slate, had a visible line of color contrasting with the black of the saturated felt base and coating into which the slate was embedded, this I also prefer to overcome and do so by covering the slate at the edge with the same or similar material to that used in making the other markings. The shadow line F could extend all the way to the top of the shingle as shown or could be discontinued at any point below the top such for instance as shown in Figure 2, as it need only be of length to give the desired effect between the next two above shingles and to show the roper spacing of same. In Figure 2, ll nave shown a prepared mineral surfaced shingle provided with markings for laying the shingle and with the portion. of the shingle which is to be exposed to the weather having a portion of two figures of a design on it. This design is formed preferably by covering portions of the mineral surfacing with a bituminous material arran ed so as to create the optical illusion of shadow lines whereby the effect is given of,

Wa curved surface and not a flat, one. in 7 order to layshingles so that each row broke I jfillitS with the next ad acent row, to make a roof waterproof to properly space the shingles apart to allow for expansion and contraction and to obliterate the joint or space between shingles while giving the effect of individual members forming an entire roof, I have so arranged the design that the complete effect is given by utilizing two or more shingles, a portion of the design being on each of the shingles and I have so arranged the design that it is the marking to facilitate the laying of the shingles.

In Figure 2 as in'Figure 1 the shingle is divided into three areas A, B and G. The area A being provided as shown in the drawing with a design which when laid in place with the next adjacent shingles above and below, gives the effect of a curved tile; the areas B. and C being the areas which are covered by the next two above adjacent shingles which have the same design on them as shown in Figure 2, When in place on the roof the design on the left side of area A will register withthe design on the right area of the next below shingle and the marking line F- and portion of the design on the second below shingle will complete one figure of the design which as shown is a tile design. The upper portion of the design in the areaA of Fig. 2 represents the marking lines D and H of Figure 1 so arranged that in conjunction with line F, which acts likewise in the dual capacity of a marking line and a portion of the design, form the marking showing the position of the next above shingles. The right angle of the lower left hand of area A Figure 2 is brought into register with a similar right angle 'on another shingle formed by the marking F and the edge H of the design and likewise the angle on the lower right, area A, of Figure 2 is brought into register with a similar right angle formed by'the edge I) of the desi n and the marking line F, thereby properly spacing the shingles as to the distance apart and likewise properly spacing them as to the amount to be exposed to the weather, I

My invention could also be applied to what are known as strip shingles, that is strips forming a pluralityof shingles such as the ordinary stripshingle which is on the market having four shingle tabs or ends.

Claims:

1. A shingle having surface markings, in contnst. to the surface of the shingle, arranged laterally and longitudinally of the shingle, said later-ally :rranged marking adapted to position the amount of overlap of the nextabove shingles and said longitudinally-arranged marking adapted to position the distance apart of the next above shingles, said markings being exposed, when said shingleis laid with others, to create shadow effects below the edges of, and along the space between, the next ahove shingles.

2. A shingle having a surface marking in contrast to the exposed surface of said shingle extending through a portion of the longitudinal center thereof adapted to osition the space apart of the next two a ove shingles and to create a shadow efi'ect therefor.

3; A shingle provided with an area on the part adapted to be exposed having thereon a design, said design having portions each bearing a predetermined relation to the marginal edges of said shingle whereby when a portion of the design on said shingle is 7 brought into register with a portion of the design on a similar shingle the amount of the shingle to be exposed and the distance apart of overlapping shingles will be fixed, said design remaining entirely exposed.

4. A roofing formedof a plurality of shingles each provided with surface markings arranged laterally and longitudinally thereof, in contrast to the surface exposed to view and creating shadow effects, said markings determining the amount of overlap, and the distance apart of the next above shingles.

5. A shingle provided with an area adapted to be exposed having thereon a design adapted to give an ornamental efiectto a roof, said design having portions each bearing a predetermined relation to the marginal edges of said shingle whereby when the design on said shingle is brought into register with portions of similar designs on overlapping shingles said overlappin shingles are spaced apart the desired istance and the amount of the exposed portion of said shingle isfixed, said design remainin entirely exposed.

6. A shingle aving an area adapted to be exposed having thereon a, design having duplicate portions on opposite sides of the longitudinal medial line of said shingle each bearing a predetermined relation to the marvginal edges of said shingle whereby when said portions are each brought into register with opposite portions of the designs on similar overlapping shingles the amount of overlap and the distance apartof the over lapping shingles will be fixed, saiddesign remaining entirely exposed.

7. A shingle having. an end area adapted to be exposed, duplicate designs arranged on said area, a longitudinal marking extending GE-O. w. MILLS, JR.

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