US1774159A - Rock crusher - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 26, 1930- c. G. A. SCHMIDT, JR

ROCK CRUSH'ER Filed Aug. 3l, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet l WN NN Aug. 26, 1930.

C- GA A. SCHMIDTl JR ROCK CRUSHER Filed Aug. 3l, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 F/GQE.

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This invention relates to a rock Crusher and has more particular reference to the type of device having a stationary jaw and a movable jaw to which latter there is ime parted a reciprocating roohng movementin order to crush rock or other material passing between the jawse Heretofore in mechanisms of this character, in which the movable jaw was hung to upon a shaft provided with eccentrics, it was found that breakage of the shat occurred at times, particularly between the bearings supporting the shaft in the frame and the bear ings supporting the movable jaw upon the eccentric.,

lt is the primary object of this invention to overcome this diculty by an arrangement of bearings whereby the shaft is ren-- dered tree'to flex so 'that a distribution o the stresses occurs .without imposing upon any part of the shaft a concentrated breal= ing stress. llhe improved construction forming the subject .matter of this hurention makes possible minimum distance between the bearings with proportionate in; creases of the safe working load; or, in. other words, increases the factor of safety for the same size shaft.

lt is a iurt er object of the present in'- vention to provide automatic means for'preventing breaking .of the working parts of the mechanism in case the movable jaw-is jammed by thei introductionl of hard material such as iron bolts or tools or the like,

Another ohjectfrelates to the provision of means for easy and quick adjustment whereby diderent grades of neness may bepr duced in the crushed materials, the adiest- 4nient also serving to permit taln'ng-up of the .4@ parts as wear on the jaws proceeds.

Other more detailed objects relate to a construction whereby stresses are properlydistributed so as to minimize breakage, and,

conversely, to obtain the maximum strength t5 for any given shaft.I Among these provi sions are constructions whereby'. shear on bolts ispreventedduring the operation of the mechanism.

Further objects will become apparent when the followin description isv read in conjunction with tie. accompanying drawings, in which: v

Figt 1 is a vertical sectional view showing the operating parts of the mechanism;

- Fig 2 is a transverse section through the mechanism;

Fi is an enlarged section on line 3 -3 Fig., i is a diagrammatic view showin the eiectof stresses upon the construction eretofore used.; and

Fig. 5 isa similar view showing the eect of stresses upon the improved machine.

The Crusher, which is supported upon a' suitable base durin,J operation, includes a rigid 'frame prefera ly' formed by two vside i plates 2 of rolled steel to provide a somewhat dexible construction, which plates are 'transversely connected by heav castin s in a mnner which will later be dhscribedg. A cover plate 4 serves te protect the 'moving parts l entering the jaws. This cover plate 4 is preferably secured by means of U-bolts which embrace cross membersr extending between the opposite plates 2.' These cross members preferab'lvv consist of tie bolts connecting the two plates, pipes surrounding the tie 'bolts between the plates` to provide their proper spacing. p

' Bearing housings 6 ar'e inset, as indicated at 8, within apertures in lthe upper endso plates 2, the housin being {ianges which are bo ted to t e plates. By reason of the inset arrangement, any stresses imparted to the bearings are taken 11p directly hy the plates, so that destructive rom the charge of stone or materials' rovided with shearing stresses are, not imparted to the bolts securing the housings to the frame. Within each housing 6 is located a selfaligning ball or roller bearing 10. As illustrated, each of these' bearings includes two sets of rollers which have bearing surfaces upon an inner race and also bear upon the spherical inside surface of the outer race. Any other type of self aligning bearings may be used.- The bearings serve to support a shaft 12 upon which is fitted a split sleeve 14 which is wedged into position between the shaft and 'the inner bearing race by means 'of a -nut and lock washer arrangement 16. A cover 18 encloses the outer end of each of the housin s 6. It will be noted that the cover and aso the housing at the points where the shaft emerges are provided with grease collecting rings, so that. the

, housing may form a grease containing structure into which grease may be forced under pressure through a suitable check valve connection.

On each outer end of the shaft is secured a bushing 20 held in place by means of a nut 22. In the case o, the left hand bushing, shown in Fig. 1, Ia spacer is interposed between the nut and the bushing. This may be replaced by a sprocket wheel for dr'ving other equipment. Each'of the bushinlgs is provided with an outer flange 24 to which a iiywheel 26 is secured by means of a plurality .of bolts 28 passing through the Ahub ofthe flywheel and the` flange 24. These a bolts 28, -of whichthree may be used inconnecting. each flywheel, are made of brass or some other non-corrosive material, so that in case jamming of the movable jaw occurs, the heavyflywheel will shearoff the bolts and continue to revolve without imposing destructive stresses upon the eccentric shaft,

- the bearings, or the movable jaw.

In case a jamming of this sort occurs and the fiywheel continues to revolve. on the bushings 20, it might be possible that the friction *would cause a binding of `the fiywheels with the bushings so as to destroy the effectiveness of the shearing pins #and with a resultant destruction of the operating parts. To Aminimize the heating effect in case a flywheel so revolves on the bushin f washer. 30is inter ose the bushing, so asto l friction surface. bear only on' the outerl ends of the surface each of the bushings is annularly groove as indicatedat 32 in order to' reduce the 'l`his is, each fiywheel will be mounted on the shaft.

be understood that .separate eccentrics may On each of these eccentrices is mounted the inner race of a ball or roller bearing 36 of the self-aligning type similar' to 10. rThe inner race is shrunk upon the eccentric and held laterally by means of a nut and lock washer arrangement 38. The outer bearing races support the outer end 40 of the movable jaw 42. As will be seen from Fig. 1, the upper portion '40 of the jaw is made hollow and is provided with covers 44 at its ends so. that a lubricant chamber is produced into which grease may be forced under pressure to provide efficient lubrication for the bearings.

Tension rods 46vare pivoted to the opposite sides of the lower'end of the movable jaw and pass `through openings in a transverse portion of the frame, as indicated in i Fig. 2. Each rod isprovided at its outer end with a` collar 48 against which abuts one end of a compression spring 50 which., at its-.lower end, reacts against the portion of the frame adjacent the opening. The springs 50 serve to hold the jaw as indiv cated in lFig. 2,` against the toggle 52, of which one cylindrical end bears 1n a wear plate on the jaw'v and of which the other cylindrical end bears in a wear plate 54 carrled by a block `member 56. The .block member may be provided, as indicated most clearly in Fig. 3, with tapered surfaces which 'engage wedges 58 arranged to be drawn together or' forced apart 'b means of a shaft 60 threaded oppositely t rough the wedges and provided at its outer end with a squared end 62 adapted to be moved by means of a suitable tool or wrench." It will 'be noted that wear plate 54 is secured to block 56 by means of a dowel pin orthe like, which block fis suitably guided vfor iiiward or outwardniovement as the wedges are forced apart or drawn together.. The transverse ,frame member which carries these parts is'provided with tongues at its oppositeends seated in grooves 62 in the s1de-plates`2-and is boltedv tothe s 'ide plates.

By reason of the tongue 'and groove connection, the stresses are taken from the bolts and applied directl from the transverse frame member -to tie side plates. Shear-l ing of the bolts is lthus avoided. i

A die 464 which provides a wearing surface for thecrushing of the rock is clamped in the movable jaw 42,- being fixedly held therein by means of wedges 55 engaging one end whilel the. otherend engages an undercut recess inthe jaw.

The fixedl jaw 68, which extends between the side plates andls provided'with tongues engaging within rooves in the ,side plates in a manner similar tol that -described in connection with grooves '62,' carries a stationary die 'T0-clamped to'the fixed jaw by ,means of clamping plates 72.. Cheek plates 74 are secured to 'I the innerlfwalls of .side

plates 2 in order to take the wear of the stone passing between the jaws, these plates belng formed of hardened steel.

The operation of -the mechanism will, in

a general way, be obvious from the above description. As vthe shaft revolves the operating face of the die 64 has impartedfthere-` to a kind of ovalmotion so as to. serve to Y v have been of the ordinary non-self-alignin alignment.

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ing type resulting in a rigid asseml from end to end of the jaw. The e fect ofthe priorconstruction is illustrated in Fig. 4, in which the ordinary bearings mounting the movable jaw are indicated at v a, thel self-aligning bearings mounting the shaft Within the frame at b and the shaft itself at d. The center lin'e of the outer bearings` is indicated ata-c. As the shaft revolves, and due to the crushing stresses, the shaft will be distorted more or less, dei fleeting it out of the center linev c-c, as indicated by the position of the shaft in this figure. Because of thefact that the bearings a -a` are of the ordinary type and are both rigidly housed wi'thin themovable jaw, it is impossible for the portion of the shaft between these bearings to bend. In other words, the' axis of theV bearings will remain `Consequently, as lexure of the shaft must take place because of thestresses imparted' to the'm'ovable jaw, all of the lexure ofthe shaft must necessarily take place at the ends between bearingsa and bearings b, as indicated in thev figure. distortion is of va considerable amount, being proportional tothe stresses, the radii of curvature of the end portions of the shaft are relatively] small, as indicated by the converging dash lines in the figure.

0n the other hand, in the improved construction incorporating -all self-aligning bearings, thev a tion of which is diagrammatically illustrated in Fig. 5, in which the self-aligning supportingv bearings for the movable'jaw are indicated at m and the shaft bearings at n, the shaft itself being indicated at 0, the shaft is free `to flexj'with a resultant very large radius of curvature' so that the stresses are-minimized and distributed throughout the shaft.' As a result, greater strength is obtained in the same shaft without danger of breaking between the bearings. Also, it will be quite obvious that if the whole shaft may-flex freely, the 'bearings m and a, being both self-aligning,

Inasmuch asl this" j 3 may be brought'very close together with the resultant increase in the strength of the shaft.

It will be clear'that the vv,constructions shown in Figs. 4 and 5 are merely diagram.- matic; that is, no attempt has been made to indicate the eccentricity of the portions of the shaftsupporting the movable aw.

F rom the above description it will be seen that the stresses in the driving lshaft have been minimized by use lof self-aligning bearings throughout. -It will also vbe seen -that the stresses'upon the .securing bolts for the frame have been minimized so as to prevent shearing thereof. The pins securing the flywheels to the shaft'prevent destruction of the machine in case of jamming- There is also provided an adjustment for wear `betweenthe jaws and for the production of dil"erent sizes of crushed material. lWhat I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent is: j.

1. A Crusher comprising a frame, va plurality of aws, one of said aw's being movable relatively to the otherto crush vniaterials therebetween, a driving shaft, selfaligning bearings mounting vthe shaft in the frame, an eccentric on the shaft, and a selfaligning bearing surrounding the eccentric and supporting the said movable jaw.

2. A crusher comprising a frame, al plurality of jaws, one'of said jaws being movable relatively to the other-to crushl materials therebetween,a driving shaft, selfaligning anti-friction bearings mounting the shaft in the frame, eccentrics on the shaft, j and self-aligning anti-friction bearings surrounding the eccentrics and supporting the said movable jaw.

3. A Crusher comprising a frame, a plurality ofjaws, one of said jaws being movable relatively to the other to crush materials therebetween, a driving shaft, selfaligning bearings mounting the shaft in the frame, eccentrics on the shaft, self-aligning bearings surrounding the eccentrics and supporting'the upper end of the movable jaw,

and means for guiding the lowerend of 'the et. 'A Crusher comprising afframe,la plurialsY therebetween, a driving shaft, selfaligning anti-friction bearings mountin the shaft in the frame, cccentrics on the s aft', sur-I self-aligning anti-friction bearings rounding the eccentrics and supporting the upper end of the movable jaw, and means for guiding the lower en'd of the movable 5.*A Crusher eormprising a frame, a pluralityv of jaws, onev of said jaws being mov'- able relatively to the other to crush materials therebetween,l a driving shaft, selfaligning bearings mounting the shaft in the frame, eccentrics on the shaft,'selfali ning bearings surrounding the eccentrics an supporting the upper end of the movable jaw, and means for guiding the lower end of the movable jaw in an arc.- j

6. lA Crusher comprisin afframe,l a,- plurality of aws, one of sai jawsbeing movable relatively to `the other t0 crush materials therebetween, a driving shaft, selfaligning bearings mounting the shaft in the f-rame-,veccentri'cs on the shaft, self-ali ning bearings surrounding the eccentrics an supporting the upper end'l of the movable jaw.,

and adjustable means for guiding the lower end ofthe movable jaw. v j

7 A crusherhcomprising a frame, a plu:

yrality of jaws, one of said jaws being mov- Awith a lubricant chamber in the .movable jaw.

9. A Crusher comprisin a frame, a plurality of jaws, one of sai jaws being movable relatively to the other to crush materials therebetween, a driving shaft, selfaligning bearings mountin the; shaft in the frame, eccentrics on the sha t, and self-aligning bearings surrounding the eecentricsl and communicating with a lubricant chamber `in the movable jaw.

10. A crusher com rising a frame, a plurality of jaws, one ol) said jaws being movable relatively to the other to crush matev `ings in the side plates w erebj;

rials therebetween, a driving shat, selfaligning anti-friction bearings mountin the shaft in the frame, eccentrics on the s aft, and self-aligning anti-friction bearin surrounding the. eccentrics and communicating Iwith a lubricant chambei` in the movable" jaw. j l

11. A- crusher comprising a frame havin "f side plates, a plurality of jaws, one of sail jaws being'movable relatively to the other to-crush materials therebetween, a driving shaft, bearings mounting the shaft in the frame, Asaid bearings bein .located in o enthe p ates receivingldirectly stresses on t e bearings,-

-to crush materialsl therebetween', a driving cated in openings in the side'plates whereby the plates receive directly stresses. on the bearings, eccentricson the shaft, and selfjali ning bearings surrounding theeccentrics an located within a lubricant chamber in themovable aw. In testimonyvof which invention, l have hereunto set myV hand; at Kennett. Square, Pa., on this 28th day of August, 1929.

CARL G. A. SCHMIDT, JR.

eccentrics onfthe shaft, and bearings surrounding the eccentrics and located within aV lubricant chamber 1n the movable jaw.

12. A Crusher comprising a frame having sideplat'es, a plurality of jaws, one of said jaws being movable relatively to the other shaft, bearings mounting the shaft in the frame, said self-aligning bearings being lo-

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