US1772864A - Tuyere for metallurgical blast furnaces - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 12, 1930. w. A. HAVEN 1,772,864

TUYERE FOR METALLURGICAL BLAST FURNACES Filed March 29, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR.

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W. A. HAVEN TUYERE FOR METALLURGICAL BLAST FURNACES Filed Maroh 29, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. aft/72am J7 Harm.

BY I

ATTORNEYS feed and distribution arrangements i etented Aug.

entree stares PATENT orrica "WILLIAM A. HAVEN, F YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO TUYEBE FOR METALLURGICAL BLAST FURNACES Application filed Biarch 29, 1926. Serial No. 98,067.

This improvement relates more particularly to tuyeres for blast-furnaces and the like, and it is among the objects of the invention to provide a hollow-walled construction with for cooling-fiuid. Another object is to provide more than one independent chambers, and separate feed arrangements. @ther objects and advantages will appear as the description proceeds. To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the invention, then, consists of the means hereinafter fully described, and particularly pointed out in the claims, the annexed drawing and the following description setting forth in detail certain features embodying the invention, such disclosed means constituting. however, but one of various forms in which the principle of the invention may be used.

In said annexed drawing Fig. 1 is an elevation of the outer end or butt of a tuyere embodying the present invention; Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section; Figs. 3 and a are transverse sections taken on the planes indicated by the lines ill-J11 and lV-IV, respectively, Fig. 2; Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section at right angles to that of Fig. 2; and Fig. 6 is a vertical section showing an illustrative installation of my invention.

As is vs ell known to those skilled in the art of smelting iron ore, it is customary to blow heated air into the lower portion of the blast furnace in order to cause the combustion of the coke or other fuel, thus producing the required high temperature and other conditions necessary for the efficientsmelting of the ore and for the production of the commodity known commercially as pig iron.

lit is also well known to those skilled in this art that as the forward part of the tuyere projects beyond the cooler box and the brickwork into the interior of the blast furnace this part of the tuyere is subject to the high temperature of the blast or heated air passing through the center of the tuyere and also to the very much higher temperature of the coke, molten iron and other materials which occupy the space inside of the furnace.

it will be readily understood that the tuyere which is required to serve its purpose under these very trying conditions is liable to have a hole broken through its outer shell by the impact of the stock in the furnace, or by overheating on a momentary interruption of the supply of water flowing through it for the purpose of keeping it cool, or under certain conditions the tuyere may be ruptured when apparently the conditions are all m. mal and there is neither impact of the stock, shortage of water or other determinable reasons for its failure.

It is customary to operate a blast furnace continuously year after year until its lining is destroyed. it is very expensive and undesirable to stop the operation of the furnace even for a moment, and when for any reason a tuyere has been ruptured the cooling water escapes into the furnace and cools the interior and introduces a large amount of steam into the stock with very disastrous results. It is, of course, necessary to shut the water off immediately to prevent serious chilling of the furnace. If the blast is not then shut off and the tuyere replaced. the high temperature of the furnace is likely to melt the balance of the tuyere, and the furnace blast and stock will immediately begin to blow back through the tuyere cooler around the blow pipe with very serious and dangerous results.

In accordance with the present invention I provide a tuyere having two separate water cooled compartments, one forming the nose or forward part of the tuyere. and the other forming the rear part of the tuyere, and preferably considerably more than one-half of its total length. I provide also separate. pipes, valves, etc. for leading the cooi fluid into the forward part of the t and also into the rear part of the toy? The general setting of the device w understood by reference to 5, in n; the numeral 10 designates a section of a in. furnace wall ofany usual or desired form and carrying the cooler box 11 comprising spaced walls to form an annular chamber for circulation of cooling water in connection with the supply and discharge pipe system 12, whereby shield is provided between the 2 rasse.

hot wall and the air-feed pipe 13. The latter is connected to the bustle-pipe B to receive blast-air, all as is well known in the art. The tuyere T of my present invention is mounted at the end of the air-feed pipe 13 and projects beyond the wall and cooler box. The tuyere has its own water supply and discharge pipe system 14 with separate units for separate chambers, as will be described more in detail further on.

In its general lines the shape of the tuyere may be varied somewhat, but ordinarily it will be of tapering or frusto-conical form with an enlarged zone adjacent the butt, which sets in relation with the cooling box 11. An inner wall 1 and outer wall 2 in spaced relation provide circulating space for a cooling fluid, being divided into general forward and rear compartments by a transverse partition 3, and suchtluid is admitted at separate points, such as inlets 4. and 8. The latter are shown as synnnetrically placed, but in some instances, I also contemplate an asymmetrical arrangement. Inwardly from the roar are ducts 5 and 5 extending for wardly, that is toward the nose. The length of such ducts may vary, but for usual conditions should be a substantial distance toward the nose, and will preferably be about two-thirds of the length of the tuyere. Instead of projecting inlet and outlet tubes through the rear space as may be done in some cases,.,I prefer to include the ducts in the wall, best the outer wall, coring being provided for the casting. Advantageously, lins or partitions 6 are arranged inwardly, between the ducts and the inner wall, being ported as at 7 to allow flow of cooling fluid laterally. Outlets 4' and 8' open through the butt for pipe connections. Each compart ment thus has its own connections.

I prefer to make my tuyere with a forward compartment comparatively short and the rear compartment much longer so that in case of destruction of forward compart ment I may discontinue the circulation of the cooling'liquid therethrough and sacrifice but a small part of the llll \'l l'@- by so doing.

ater or other cooling fluid admitted through the inlet 4: is directed through the duct to the nose, thence flowing back through duct 5 to discharge through outlet 4. Similarly for the rear compartment, the water enters at inlet 8, circulates around through ports 7 and leaves at outlet 8. "With the distributed feed a more uniform and active circulation is brought about and steam pocketing difficulties minimized.

By arranging the ducts along the wall and providing ported partit ons. the device becomes well adapted to production an integral casting. Moreover, by reason of the arrangement of the cooling fluid supply an exceptionally long service life results. and even after the nose portion becomes burnt out the tuyere can still be kept in use until there is a convenient opportunity for Chang mg.

With this arrangement it is evident that should the forward part of the tuyere be punctured due to its exposed location, I need only to turn the water 01f from this forward part, allowing the water to continue to circulate through the rear part of the tuyere and its connecting pipes and valves with the result that the furnace can continue in operation under exactly the same conditions as formerly except that the tuyere is made shorter by the amount of the forward part which is destroyed on account of its not being cooled.

This makes it readily possible to continue the operation of the furnace until it is more convenient to shut oil the blast on the furnace and make the replacement of the tuyere.

Other modes of applying the principle of my invention may be employed instead of the one explained, change being made as regards the features disclosed, provided the means stated by any of the following claims or the equivalent of such stated means be employed.

I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as my' invention 1. A tuyere having inner and outer walls and a transverse partition dividing the space therebetween into forward and rear compartments, an inlet and an outlet for a cooling fluid in the rear compartment, and ducts extending through the rear compartment and along the outer wall to supply a cooling fluid to the forward compartment.

2. A tuyere having inner and outer walls and a transverse partition dividing the space therebetween into forward and rear compartments, an inlet and an outlet for a cooling fluid in the rear compartment, and ducts well removed from the said inlet and outlet and extending through the rear compartment and including the outer wall to supply a cooling fluid to the forward compartment.

3. A tuyere having two compartments, one forward and another to the rear, means for supplying a cooling medium to the rear compartment, and means including a duct in- 'tegral with the outer wall of the rear compartment for independently circulating a cooling fluid to the forward compartment.

Signed by me this 20th day of March. 1926.

WILLIAM A. HAVEN.

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