US1772797A - Fireproof arch - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 12, 1930. c. H. BUTZ 1,

FIREPROOF ARCH Filed March 25, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet l gwwntoo fidned 1 /522112.

c. H. a u'rz FIREPROOF ARCH Aug. 12; 1930.

Filed March 25-, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I Patented Aug; l2, 1930 PATENT o Fic CHARLES H. BUTZ, OF DENVER, COLORADO, ASSIGNOR TO THE DENVER FIRE CLAY COMPANY, or DENVER, ooLoRAno, A CORPORATION or DELAWARE rrunrnoor ARCH Application filed march 25, 1929. Serial No. 349,695.

This invention relates to improvements in the construction of flat arches of. theftype employed in connection with heating furnaces of various kinds and to the construction of the tile employed in the construction:

constructing refractory furnace roofs. and.

which can be easily installed so as to require theminimum expenditure of time and labor and: which can therefore be installed at a minimum expense. I V

It is. another object of this invention to produce a refractory tile arch that shall be free from the heavy compressive strains existing in the ordinary spring arches and which will produce no outward strains on the side walls.

It isa further object of this inventionito produce a refractory fiat arch of such construction that each of the tiles of which it is composed is hung independently of all of -the others'and can be removed and replaced without disturbing the other tiles and in which the several tiles are free to expand.

It is a stillfurther object of this invention to produce an arch construction in which the arch surface may be inclined at any desired angle and whose end construction gives a rounded intersection between the arch sur-' face and. the throat of the furnace.

Another object of this invention is to produce an arch construction in which the tiles are supported in such a way that they are subjected merely to compression andshear strains; and in which the supporting means does not bind in the'tiles and exert severe breaking strains and does not prevent one tile from lying fiat against another.

The above and other. objects. that may becomeapparent as the. description proceeds are; attained by means of a construction and i i an arrangement of parts that will now be. de-

scribed in detail and for this purposerefer ence will now be had to the accompanying drawings. in which the. inventionhas been illustrated in its which:

preferred form and in.

' Fig. l is a section through a portion of a boiler setting showing the improved arch in place;

Fig. 2 is a section taken on line 2-2, Fig. 1 and shows the supporting means employed;

Fig. 3 is a section taken on line 3-8, Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a view of the front end of the arch showing its construction'at the place where it connects with the throat of the furnace, portions being broken away to-better disclose the supporting means;

F 5 is a perspective view showing the invention applied to a different form of arch;

Fig. 6 is a section taken on line 66, Fig. 5; Fig. 7 is a section taken on line 7-7, Fig. 6; and I i Fig. 8 shows a modifiedform of construction.

In the drawing reference numeral 1 represents the boiler setting which is usually formed from brick. In the examples shown a water tube boiler has been used as an illustration. Numeral 2 represents the grateof the fireboirand 3 the throat of the furnace.

will be referred to as a flat arch as it isevident v that the invention is equally applicableto inclined arches of the type shown and to flat arches. The arch is supported by means of transverse channels 5,.which are arranged in pairs and which extend transversely of the boiler setting and have their ends supported in the sidewalls of the boiler setting in the manner shown in Fig. 2. In the example illustrated there are two pair of supporting beams, but it is evident that the number of supporting beams varies with the size of the arch and that therefore as many of these are employed as may be found to be necessary. Secured to the underside of the supporting beams 5 are longitudinally extending? pairs of channels 6 which are separated by means of spacers/7 and held in assembled relation by means of bolts 8, as shown most clearly in Fig. 3. These? channels. are fastened to the transverse supporting beams 5 by means ofbolts 9 whose lower ends extend through openings in the plates 10 that extend transversely of the assembled channels 6 and rest against the lower flanges of these channels. Bolts 9 extend upwardly between the channels 5 and through openings in plates 11 that are located above the supporting beams 5.

t is evident that by tightening the nuts 12 on the bolts 9 that the longitudinally extending beams may be securely held in place against the under surface of the supporting beams 5. The number of pairs of longitudinally extending supports varies with the width of the arch, there being one pair for each row of tile, as will hereinafter more clearly appear. The refractory tile from which the arch is constructed are of substantially cubical or parallelopipedal form. In the drawing the thickness of these tiles has been shown in 1 while their width has been shown in 2. in the drawing the width is substantially twice the thicxness, but as the exact shape and size is immaterial, as far as this invention is concerned, it will not be necessary to more accurately define the same. The separate tiles have been designated by reference numeral 13 so as to facilitate identification and to simplify the description. The upper transverse corners are preferably bevelled as indicated at 14; as by this expedient the amount of material in each tile can be decreased without affecting the strength or the heat i. sulating properties of the tiles. Each tile is provided with an opening 15 which extends through the tile adjacent the top thereof and has its axis parallel with the base and perpendicular to the planes of the opposite sides. A recess or groove 16 extends from the top of the block to opening 15 and this groove is of sufficient depth to receive the supporting hooks or rods 17. These supporting rods have their lower ends 18'bent at right angles to the body of the rod and have their upper ends provided with threaded sections with which the nuts 19 cooperate. The ends 18 extend into the openings 15 in the tiles and serve to support the tiles. A row of tiles is supported by each pair of longitudinally extending beams and the supports 1. are spaced apart a distance equal to the thickness of the blocks so that the blocks will be suspended side by side in the manner shown in Fig. 1. As many rows of tiles are employed as are necessary to produce the desired width of arch. As the edges of the tiles must come in contact the pairs of supporting beams 6 must be spaced apart a distance equal to the width of the blocks in the manner shown in 2. By adjusting the nuts 19 the hei ht of the blocks can be.

7 t1 1 regulated so tht the lower surface of each transverse row lies in the same plane. lVhere an absolutely flat arch is to be built, the supports 17 can of course. be of the same length;

but where an inclined arch like the one illus trated is used, the len ths of these sn 3 aorts are preferably varied for each row, the length of supports for each transverse row of tile being the same. It is apparent that with the blocks suspended in the manner illustrated, there can be no severe pressure against any of the blocks and therefore they are free to expand and contract without thereby producing compressive strains that tend to crush the blocks or produce chipping or disintegration of the adjacent surfaces. Since each of the separate tiles occupy a space of the exact size and shape of the tile it is evident that any one of them can be removed and a new tile replaced without disturbing the others, and this makes it possible to very quickly and cheaply replace defective tiles.

I want to call particular attention to the fact that owing to the nature of the suspending means the tile is subjected merely to compressive and to shearing strains which are produced by the weight of the tile and thatthere are no breaking strains produced by any lever action such as are frequently produced'when other types of suspensions are employed. It is evident from an inspection of Figs. 1, 2 and 4: that when. the tiles are suspended in the manner shown that the entire weight of each tile is supported on the end 18 of the hanger 17 by which it is supported, and if care is exercised in putting the supports in place, there are no other strains produced than those due to the weight of the tile and as this is comparatively small the danger of breakage is correspondingly small.

In Fig. 4 I have shown the construction of the front end of the arch where it connects with the vertical partition A at the throat of the furnace. From Figs. 1 and i it will be seen that the longitudinally extending supporting beams 6 project into a recess 20 at the back side of the partition A. Brackets 21 are secured at their upper ends between the two channels 6 of each pair and are held in place by means of bolts. The lower ends of brackets 21 which have been indicated by reference numeral 22, extend forwardly and form a support for the lower end of partition A. Each of the brackets 21 have a downwardly extending lug 23 which is perforated for the reception of the supporting hook or bolt 24. This supporting bolt dili'ers slightly from those indicated by reference numeral 17, in this, that the end 18 does not make a right angle with the body of the bolt. The tiles that form the curved portion of the arch and which have been designated by ref erence numeral 13 are sector shaped and in the example shown have their sides inclined at an angle of 30 degrees to each other so that the three tiles subtend an arc of 90 degrees. By this construction the under surface of the arch connects with the front surface of partition A and forms a continuous smooth surface at this point. It is evident that any one of the tiles 13 can be readily removed and replaced in the same manner as explained in connection with the other tiles. By tightening the supporting bolts to which the tiles 13 are secured the rows of tiles can be slightly compressed or at least moved towards each other so as to obtain the desired close fit between the adjacent sides of the tiles comprising each of the rows. Where the tile surfaces come adjacent to the inner surfaces of the brick work, they may be separated from the latter by means of a refractory clay such as that designated by reference numeral in Fig. 1.

In Fig. 8 I have shown a slightly modified form of suspending means in which the bolts 17 have been replaced by eye bolts l7 that serve as supports for the hooks 26. These hooks have a straight section 2? that extends into the opening 15 of the tile and the upper ends of these hooks are curved in the manner shown. This type of suspension may be preferable in some place as the universal move ment between the eye bolts 17 and the hooks 26 permit adjustments to take place to a greater extent than when the rigid supporting members 17 are employed.

In Figs. 5, 6 and 7 my invention has been illustrated in connection with a different type of arch. The arch illustrated in these figures is composed of a plurality of elongated tiles 28 whose upper and end surfaces make right angles with each other but whose lower surfaces 29 are concave so as to decrease the thickness of the front ends of the tile. The rear or the wide ends of these tiles rest on the supporting surface 30 of the boiler setting and the different tiles are interlocked due to the fact that each tile is provided on one side with a groove 31 and on the other side with a tongue 32 that is adapted to cooperate with the groove of the adjacent tile for the purpose of holding the tiles in prop- I erly assembled relation. The front ends of these tiles are each provided with a recess 33 that terminates in a forwardly extending opening 84 which corresponds to the opening 15 in the tiles shown in Figs. 1 and 2. An angle or other supporting beam 35 extends 1 transversely of the boiler setting and in the illustration shown the horizontal flange of this angle iron is provided with openings for the reception of the supporting members 171, whose lower ends 181 are bent at right angles and project into the openings 84: in the manner shown in Fig. 7. It will be seen from an inspection of Fig. 7 that the means for suspending the front ends of the tiles is substantially identical in construction and operation with the corresponding means employed in connection with the tiles 13. It is also possible to employ the type of support shown in Fig. 8 in connection with the tiles 28 as the operation of the two supports are substantially identical.

I want to call particular attention to the fact already mentioned that by the type of suspension herein illustrated and described the only strains to which the tiles are subjected are compression and shear strains due to the weight of the blocks themselves and that when the parts are properly installed there is no breaking strain which is due to leverage produced by the suspension means and therefore the danger of damage due to strains that are not anticipated, is almost entirely avoided.

Having described the invention what is claimed as new is:

An arch construction comprising, in combination, a plurality of spaced, transversely extending beams, each formed from two beams having adjacent vertical surfaces spaced apart to form a slot for the reception of supporting bolts, a plurality of spaced, parallel beams located underneath the first mentioned beams, each of the lower beams being formed from two beams spaced apart to form a slot, a plate extending across the under side of each lower beam directly beneath the point where it crosses the upper beam, said plate having an opening at each side of the lower beam, a bolt extending through each opening and upwardly through the slot in the upper beam, means for putting said bolts under tension for the purpose of securing the beams together, a plurality of supporting rods extending through the slot in each of the lower beams the lower end of each rod being bent at an angle so as to form a supporting hook and a refractory block secured to each supporting hook, each block paving an opening for the reception of the 10m.

in testimony whereof I afiiX my signature.

CHARLES H. BUTZ.

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