US3161162A

US3161162A - Furnace construction

Info

Publication number: US3161162A
Application number: US127348A
Authority: US
Inventors: Harry P Homolya
Original assignee: AP Green Fire Brick Co
Current assignee: AP Green Fire Brick Co
Priority date: 1961-07-27
Filing date: 1961-07-27
Publication date: 1964-12-15
Anticipated expiration: 1981-12-15

Description

Dec. 15, 1964 H, P. HoMoLYA FURNACE CONSTRUCTION 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed July 27, 1961 H. P. HOMOLYA FURNACE CONSTRUCTION Dec. 15, 1964 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July 27, 1961 INVENTOR. H??? )./Vwvmfyd FME/J.

United States Patent() Fire Brick Company, Mexico, Mo., a corporation of Missouri Filed July 27, 17961, Ser. No. 127,348 6 Claims. (Cl. 11G-99) This invention relates to monolithic suspended refractory arches, roofs, soaking pit covers, and the like.

In the construction of monolithic refractory roofs and arches and the like (hereinafter all referred to simply as arches) it is common practice to suspend the molded castable or plastic refractory by means of refractory anchors that are embedded in the refractory material. The anchors in turn are supported by suitable metal hangers on the framework of the industrial furnace in which the arch is being constructed.

It is the purpose of the present invention to provide an improved form of refractory anchor.

It is also a purpose of the present invention to provide an improved type of metal hanger for attaching the refractory anchor to the steel framework.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:

FIGURE l is a vertical cross section through a portion of an arch utilizing anchors and hangers constructed in accordance with the invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross section on an enlarged scale to show more details of one improved anchor and hanger;

FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2 but taken at right angles thereto;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the refractory anchors suspended on a pipe by means of the improved hanger design;

FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 1 but showing the hanger construction used with a beam-.type framework or support;

FIG. 6 is a View similar to FIG. 2 in that it shows the hanger used in the bearn-type support;

FIG. 7 is a View at right angles to the view of FlG. 6; and

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the modiied arrangement for use with beam suspensions.

In FIG. l a fragmentary portion of a furnace construction is shown including a side wall 3', structural elements 5 and 7, and an upper side wall 9. The arch 11 embodying the present invention is suspended from frame elements 5 and 7 by means of a series of horizontal pipes The arch 11 comprises refractory material 15 which is originally in a fluid state and then isset by heating of the furnace. The invention can be used with material known as castable refractory or with the plastic'type refractory. This material 15 is held in the suspended position by means of the anchors 17. The anchors are suspended by hangers 19 which are supported on straps 21 that fit around and over the pipes 13 and are held in longitudinal position by lock screws Z3 extending through the strap and into the pipe. A layer of any suitable insulation 25 may if desired be laid over the top of the refractory material 15 in the arch 11.

The various refractory tile anchors 17 that are shown in the drawings are identical in construction and each is preferably square in cross section. The tile 17 has a head section 25 and a bottom 27. The opposite sides of the head are all parallel so that the head in effect forms a square box.v The bottom faces of the head are inclined as indicated at 129. The section of the tile immediately below the head is reduced in'width on all four sides and then gradually increases or tapers so that at the bottom 27 it is again the same width as the head 25. Obviously ice this longitudinal taper on all four sides will provide a vertical wedge action to increase the holding power of the anchor. Additionally, opposite faces 29 of the tile 17 are provided with a pair of chevron-or upside-down V- shaped recesses 31. The remaining two sides have straight recesses 33 joining the ends of the chevron recesses 31. The recesses 31 and 33 provide a large bearing area in which the castable material 15 will flow so that the anchor tile 17 will be firmly tied into the refractory to hold it in place. v

The hangers 19 comprise two U-shaped alloy rod sections which have vertical portions or legs 35 and a horizontal portion 37. The horizontal portions engage two of the inclined faces 129. The U-shaped alloy hanger sections at opposite sides of the tile 17 are interconnected by cross pieces 39 which may be of mold steel welded to the top ends of the legs 35. .The sections 39 have loops 41 formed in them and these are attached to the inverted U-shaped straps 21 by means of bolts extending through the two sections 39 and two sides of the strap 21 and secured tightly against it by means of a nut, as seen at 43. The straps may be fitted vertically over the top of the pipes 13 and then held in longitudinal position by means of the lock pins 23.

In the nose 47 of the arch, the tile 17 is disposed on an angle and in that case a U-shaped strap 49 having a hole offset from its center line may be used to secure the hanger 19 in place as seen at 51.

Although not too readily apparent in the drawings, the refractory hangers 17 are'formed in horizontal rows which are spaced transversely from each other, and in adjacent rows the tile 17 are preferably staggered with respect to e the tile in the adjacent rows.

The arch shown in FIG. 5 is very similar to that previously described. The furnace includes a vertical wall 103, framework members and 107, and a vertical wall 169 supported on the frame 107. The arch 111 "is suspended on I-beams 113 which in turn are bolted or welded to the bottoms of the framework sections 105 and 1117. The anchors 117 are substantially identical to the refractory anchors already described and hence do not need to be described again in detail. Since the refractory hangers 117 are suspended on beams instead of on pipes, the hanger elements 119 are of a modified construction. However, as in the case of the hangers 19 they comprise U-shaped alloy rod sections having vertical legs 135 and a horizontal section 137 engaging the faces 129. The U-shaped members on opposite sides of the tile are interconnected by straight horizontal rod sections 139 which are welded to the vertical legs of the opposite U-shaped sections. 113.

The grooved side structure of the tile 117 is the same as that previously described. It will be recognized that it gives a maximum holding power for the cast material 115. The chevron ribs on the two sides give a maximum bearing surface on a plane directly perpendicular to the lines of force on the material that is being anchored. The chevrons also tend to break up any lamination lines which might develop around the anchor. Furthermore, all sharp corners on the anchor 117 have been eliminated and replaced with 45 corners 143 approximately 1A inch in height to minimize the tendency of the plastic or castable to crack at these points. As shown it is preferable that the tile be arranged in assembly so that the horizontal sections 37 and 137 of the hangers engage the tile on'the same sides as the chevron grooves 31.

The structure described illustrates the principles `of the invention which may be embodied in other specic forms without departing from its spirit and scope as embraced Within the accompanying claims.

The rods 139 rest on the flanges of the I-beam I claim:

1. A hanger for supporting a tile on the framework of an industrial furnace comprising a pair of U-shaped high temperature metal alloy members each having a pair of legs and a bottom section joining the bottoms of the legs, said bottom section and the bottoms of the legs of each member being displaced from the plane of the legs to form an inclined shoulder facing upwardly toward the top of the legs, said members being spaced from and parallel to each other and arranged so that said shoulders are on the side of each member nearest to the other member, said shoulders forming tile engaging and supporting means, and a pair of rod members extending between said U-shaped members and each secured at opposite ends to the top of a leg on the respective U-shaped members, said rod members serving to space said U- shaped members and forming means for suspending them on said framework.

2. The invention set forth in claim 1 wherein said rod members have loops formed therein to act as suspension hooks.

3. The invention set forth in claim 1 whereinsaid rod members are straight and have support portions adapted to rest on at anges of an I-beam.

4. In an industrial furnace arch formed of molded castable or plastic refractory material which hardens upon heating of the furnace, said furnace having a framework, said arch construction comprising a series of anchor tile embedded in said refractory material to provide means for suspending it from said framework, said anchor tile each comprising an elongated, four-sided refractory block which is substantially rectangular in cross section throughout its length, said block having a head at one end and a bottom at the other end and a body portion extending between the head and bottom, said body portion tapering in cross-section from a minimum size at said head to a maximum at said bottom, said head being larger in cross-section than said body portion at the junction therewith to provide a downwardly facing shoulder on at least a pair of opposite sides thereof, hangers for connecting said tile to said framework each comprising a pair of U-shaped metal members having the bottoms of the Us bent inwardly to form shoulders to engage said downwardly facing shoulders on the head of said tile blocks, metal rod members extending between and secured at opposite ends to a leg of each said U- shaped member, said rod members providing means for supporting the U-shaped members and anchor tile blocks on said framework.

5. The invention set forth in claim 4 wherein a pair of opposite sides of said body portion of each tile block is provided with chevron grooves, said grooves being located on the same sides of the tile as said downwardly facing shoulders engaged by said U-shaped members, said refractory material being embedded in said grooves.

6. The invention set forth in claim 5 wherein the remaining pair of sides of said blocks are provided with grooves communicating at their ends with the ends of the chevron grooves.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 814,092 Staples Mar. 6, 1906 913,697 Cohen 1 Mar. 2, 1909 1,186,537 Becker June 13, 1916 1,211,997 Ahlander Ian. 9, 1917 1,463,241 Bigelow July 21, 1923 1,723,650 Hummelright Aug. 6, 1929 1,806,022 Poth May 19, 1931 2,657,651 Forsyth Nov. 3, 1953 2,819,693 Rath Ian. 14, 1958 3,056,362 Hosbein et al. Oct. 2, 1962 FOREIGN PATENTS 829,154 Germany J an. 24, 1952

Claims

4. IN AN INDUSTRIAL FURNACE ARCH FORMED OF MOLDED CASTABLE OR PLASTIC REFRACTORY MATERIAL WHICH HARDENS UPON HEATING OF THE FURNACE, SAID FURNACE HAVING A FRAMEWORK, SAID ARCH CONSTRUCTION COMPRISING A SERIES OF ANCHOR TILE EMBEDDED IN SAID REFRACTORY MATERIAL TO PROVIDE MEANS FOR SUSPENDING IT FROM SAID FRAMEWORK, SAID ANCHOR TILE EACH COMPRISING AN ELONGATED, FOUR-SIDED REFRACTORY BLOCK WHICH IS SUBSTANTIALLY RECTANGULAR IN CROSS SECTION THROUGHOUT ITS LENGTH, SAID BLOCK HAVING A HEAD AT ONE END AND A BOTTOM AT THE OTHER END AND A BODY PORTION EXTENDING BETWEEN THE HEAD AND BOTTOM, SAID BODY PORTION TAPERING IN CROSS-SECTION FROM A MINIMUM SIZE AT SAID HEAD TO A MAXIMUM AT SAID BOTTOM, SAID HEAD BEING LARGER IN CROSS-SECTION THAN SAID BODY PORTION AT THE JUNCTION THEREWITH TO PROVIDE A DOWNWARDLY FACING SHOULDER ON AT LEAST A PAIR OF OPPOSITE SIDES THEREOF, HANGERS FOR CONNECTING SAID TILE TO SAID FRAMEWORK EACH COMPRISING A PAIR OF U-SHAPED METAL MEMBERS HAVING THE BOTTOMS OF THE U''S BENT INWARDLY TO FORM SHOULDERS TO ENGAGE SAID DOWNWARDLY FACING SHOULDERS ON THE HEAD OF SAID TILE BLOCKS, METAL ROD MEMBERS EXTENDING BETWEEN AND SECURED AT OPPOSITE ENDS TO A LEG OF EACH SAID USHAPED MEMBER, SAID ROD MEMBERS PROVIDING MEANS FOR SUPPORTING THE U-SHAPED MEMBERS AND ANCHOR TILE BLOCKS ON SAID FRAMEWORK.