US1771990A - Roof covering - Google Patents

Description

ux 5, 193. J,., C, @BERGNER ,77,9j90 ROOF covERzNc- Filed Jan. 4, l19.27 2 sheets-sheet' 1 Flai'.

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fatented Ang. 5, 193@ JOHN C. BERGNER, F LANSDOWNE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE BARBER AS- PHALT COMPANY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A. CORPORATION OpiWEST VIBGINI noor` coVERrNG Application iled January 4, 1927. Serial No. 158,844.

'Ihis invention relates to roof coverings, -A

more particularly to so called prepared roofings fabricated from bitumen-,impregnated 'sheet material, and coated with ornamental and weather-resistant granular mineral surfacing such as crushed slate, brick, etc., depending upon the color desired in the nislied roof. Roofing of the kind referred to is or- .secure in the finished roof the artistic effects of the individual (or strip) shingle type. This desideratum I attain by providing continuous sheet material with spaced longitudinal rows of cuts separated by uncut intervals, and by folding the material, incidentally to laying, along longitudinal lines extending across the uncut intervals thereby to determine formation of successive courses of staggered overlappingly-arranged tips in simulation of a roof covering composed of individually laid shingles.

Other objects and attendant advantages of my invention will become apparent from the detailed description which follows in con nection with the drawings, whereof Fig. I

shows thefroong as it comes from the fab,

rica'ting machine.

Fig. II is a perspective view of a fragment ofthe roofing showing the manner in which rthe folds are made incidentally to laying.l

Fig. III is a fragmentary illustration of a completed roof covering in accordance with my invention.

Fig.v IV is a sectional view taken as indicated bythe arrows IV-IV in Fig. III.

Figs. V, VI and VII Vare illustrations similar to. Figs. I, II, and III showing a slight modification of my invention. f

Fig. VIII is a diagrammatic perspective view illustrating the relationships of the elements of the second modification.

Confining attention first to the embodiment shown in Figs. I-IV inclusive, 10 indicates the continuous flexible base sheet material which may be of suitably prepared bitumensaturated paper ordinarily known in the art as felt.` The sheet 10 may, moreover, be of any desired width, and, as shown, is formed with spaced parallel longitudinally-extending rows 11 of cuts 12 which are separated' by uncut intervalsil. v'llhese cuts 12 are angularin configuration, resembling, in the' instance under consideration, incomplete hexagons with divergent terminal spurs 14.-; and it will be noted that the cuts in one row alternate with those of immediately adjacent rows. Incidentally to laying the material .on the substructure of a roof, it is folded, as illustrated in Fig. II, along lines 15-16 extending across the uncut intervals 13, one such fold being, in each instance made in one direction, and the other fold in the opposite direction. mines formation of successive courses of overlapping tips 18 (Fig. III) arranged in staggeredrelation as between the courses. It

-will be remarked that the three maj or edges of the cuts 12 are exposed after the folding, and define, in conjunction with the edges of tips 18 in subjacent courses, polygonal areas,- in the present instance in imitation of separately-laid hexagonal shin les as shown in Fig. III. It will also be o served that as a further consequence of the described manner of folding, the tips 18 are rendered double in thickness by virtue of the irregular hexagonal retroversions 19.

rIhe roofing may be conveniently secured to the substructure of the roof as follows: The lower edgev l2O of the strip 10 is first properly aligned, and the contiguous margin 21 made to serve as a starting strip. Then, upon completion of the first fold along the line 16, suitable fastening means, such as nails 22, are 'passed through retroversions 19 and the margin 21 (which they now overlie) into the substructure 23 of the roof. When the next fold is made in the opposite direction Such folding predeteralong lines -16 extending across the in- ".1 tervening uncut intervals 13% lapped and concealed by the top layer constituting the tips 18. With successive repetitions of the procedure just described a roof such as depicted in Fig. III is ultimately produced, the nails '22 used in securing the successive folds, not only passing through the retroversions 19, but also through underlying l parts as will be manifest from Fig. IV. Aside v trated in "is generallysimilar to the that here the cuts l2 from the protection afforded by the triple thickness of the material in the regions of the exposed tip areas, the lines of demarcation in the finished roof are sharply accentuated thereby greatly enhancing the shadow effect.

With regard to the mineral surfacing` this may be applied 4over the whole surface of the sheet 10, or, better still, over longitudinal bands 25 of a width to insure covering of those areas which'are exposed after folding. If-color contrast is desired between adjacent courses of the exposed tips, this may be had by employing surface granules of different materials in the respective bands 25 after the scheme conventionally shown by the line shading in Fig. I.

The embodiment of my invention illus- Figs. V, VI and .V II', in which elements corresponding to those of the preceding modification are designated by corresponding numerals characterized by primes, preceding except have but two components meetingl in acute angles. As' before, the cuts `12( are staggered as regards adjacent rows; and the foldinP is similarly done The, resultant geometric effect in ,the finished roof is however quite different as ,willbe apparent from Fig. VII. "I

Reference to Fig. VIII illustrate the features of the finished roofing'common to both modifications,

o ut departing from the spiritof the invention.l It will be seen that each cut out portion between cuts 12 is backed up by a lar e very little chance of upward extension ofmaterial 24J-where any leakage of .rain tlrrough the `roofn is most eifectivel prevented. In the modi cawithfolds 16 below the tips of the openings h With a'. resultant saving Ofmaterial and still leaka e over'the folds. At any rateit will be notedg that 'portions 24 will'atleast pa tially underlie the folds.

One outstan :ng advantage of my iinproved roofing is that it can be readily manufactured with thelusual type of machinery employed in this art, i. e., the blank base strip may be continuously passed, while still hot,

\ claim:

and also serves to illustrate such variations as may be made with-fg'allel to the first line, said sheet having a secparallel tothe rst tance between adjacent tions cut and olded as shown, the upper tip. in

portion is on a level witha horizontally' tions underlying the' shing rameau between cooperative die rollers with 'sharpened edges appropriately configured to make the cuts, and the differently colored surface granules concurrently applied through' gravitation from separate compartments of an overlying transverse hopper. 'For the purpose of facilitating subsequent laying, the

.but two alternative forms of the roofing, it

is obvious that my invention is susceptible of numerous other variations capable-of being attained through diversification inthe shape of the cuts and in the order of' folding.

Having thus described my invention, I

1. A surface covering consisting of a sheet of material folded into one of the plies constituting a shingle strip having a plurality of shingle portions along its lower edge and havin its lower edge cut -away between a pair of adjacent shingle portions, a Second ply forming connecting p0rtions underlying the shingle strip and connected to the lower edge of the shingle strip, a third ply underlying the connecting portions and joined at its upper edge to the connecting portions along a fold line, and a section extending upwardly from the upper edge of the third ply beyond said fold line and beyond the upper extremity of the cut away at least three plies,

zone between the adjacent shingle portions of similar cuts therein the ends of whiclrcuts lie in a line, the cuts extending to a line parond series of similar cuts therein similarly located with respect to a secondpair of lines pair, the cuts in the second series being in staggered relationship with the cuts'in the first series, and the dislines of the pairs beg no greater than the distance between the es of a pair.

3. A surface covering consisting of a sheet of material folded into vat least three plies, one of the plies constitutin a shingle strip aving a plurality of shinge portions along its lower edge and havin its lower edge cut away between a pair of adj tions,a second ply formin connecting pore strip and connected to the lower edge of the shingle strip, said second lplybeing leut the exposure of any portions thereof through the cut away zone in the shingle strip, and

a third ply underlying the connecting poraway to prevent acent shingle porf tions and joined at its u per ed e to thef'cony necting portions, the third ply aving a free' straight lower edge at the bottoms of said shingle portions and having portions exposed through the cut away zones inthe shin gle strip.

4. A surface covering consisting of a sheet of material -formed with at least two successive folds resulting in a bottom ply, an intermediate ply, and a top ply, the top ply A constituting a shingle strip having a .plurality of'shingle portions along its lower edge l and having its lower edge cut away between l' a pair of adjacent shingle portions, the'intermediate ply underlying the shingle strip and connected to the lower edge of said shingle strip at one fold and to the upper edge of the bottom plyat the other fold, and a section vextending upwardly from the said upper edge of the bottom ply beyond said other fold and beyond the upper extremity of the cutaway zone between the adjacent shingle portions of said strip so as to underlie the said strip.

5. A surface covering constructed from sheet material with parallel rows of longitudinally spaced cuts forming partially closed figures, said rows provided with two folds, one of the folds intersecting the cuts' and the other fold passing through the cuts adjacent 30 their ends'.

6. A surface covering constructed from sheet material with parallel rows of longituv dinally spaced cuts formin partially closed figures, said rows provide with two folds,

one of the folds intersecting the cuts and the other fold passing through the cuts adjacent their ends, the said cuts -1n adjacent rows being staggered. f

A sheet of material adapted to be folded 4Q to form a surface covering having a series of spaced cuts therein forming partially closed gures the ends .of which` cutslie in a line, and havin a similar second series of cuts the ends o 'which lie in aline parallel to the lfirst line,the cuts in the second series being in staggered relationshi ,"with 'the cuts in the first series and exten ing more than half way from the said second parallel line to the first line, a portion of material extending between the ends of each cut from theline joining said ends inwardly of the figure formed by the cut.

' In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my nameat Philadelphia, Pennsy1vania, this 31st day of December, 1926.-

j JOHN C. BERGNER.

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