US1770107A - Apparatus for dry distillation - Google Patents

Description

July 8, 1930. M. KULZINSKI 1,770,107

APPARATUS F OR DRY DISTILLATION Filed Nov. 27, 1928 3 Sheets-Shoot l July 8, 1930. M. 'KULZINSKI r ,7 0

APPARATUS F63 DRY DISTILLATION Filed Nov. 27, 1928 3 Shoots-Shut 2- y 8, 1530- M. KULZINSKI I 1,770,107

APPARATUS FOR DRY DISTILLA'IION Filed Nov. 21, 1928 ssnma-smt s If i n Patented July 8, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE AKTSIASELTS, OF TALLINN, ESTHONIA APPARATUS FOR DRY DISTILLATI ON Application filed November 27, 1928,

I, MSTISLAV KULzINsKI, of 21, Toompuiestee, Reval, Esthonia, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:

In distillation furnaces, driers, kilns and similar ovens, where the treatment of the material is effected by way of injections and circulations of gas and vapour, there arise generally great difliculties in the conduction of gas and vapours through the material placed on wagons. This is usually achieved in such manner, that along the side walls of the oven there are arranged sand packings running between the oven and the longitudinal sides of the wagon. These sand packings, however, are very often unsatisfactory and great care has to be taken in order to keep them in good condition. It isalso diflicult to achieve thereby sufiicient packin between the front sides of the wagon. s a result of all these defects .the working of all such ovens is bad and their efficiency low.

My invention relates to wagons and rails and has for its object to provide an improved construction of wagons and rails, so as to remove the above referred to defects and to ensure a reliable and morecomplete (viz with but small losses) admission of the injected or circulated gas and vapours to the material placed on such wagons.

In the accompanying drawing wherein an approved embodiment of the invention is illustrated Figs. land 2 are longitudinal sections through a rail track and wagon constructed in accordance with the invention, Fig. 1 showing the opening of the wagon in registration with the furnace pipe and Fig. 2 sfhowing the wagon slightly displaced there rom;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary detail of the recessed portion of one of the track rails showing the recess therein and the wagon wheel located in said recess;

Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view through the furnace, wagon and track rails;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary plan view of a modification of the invention.

The wagon (Figs. 1, 2 and 4:) consists of a box (Q) provided with a double bottom.

Serial No. 322,251, and in Esthonia.

The upper bottom (6) is made of network, perforated sheet metal, fire bars or the like and is permeable to gas. Theother bottom however is impermeable, but isprovided w th an opening (0) for the admission of the gases and vapors, the said opening being preferably provided with a flange (6). The wagon is movable on rails. (r) see Figure 4, through the furnace (M) while sutlicient space (elk-Fig. 2must remain between the flange (b) and the tube provide in roll simultaneously into the said grooves and the wagon adjusts itself exactly abovethe corresponding tube (0) adapted for the admission of gas and vapors. The grooves (a) in the rails must have such dimensions that the flange '(b) bears with sufficient tightness against the edge of the tube (a) in the bottom of the wagon when the latter descends. The intermediate space (d', Figs. 1 and 4) dependent on the dimensions of the groove in the rails a)..may be kept as small as desired'sothatevenza complete mounting of the flange' (b) on the v edge of the tube (a) is rendered possible, therebyensuring a reliable admission .of the injected and circulating gases and vaporsto the material in the wagons without any loss. During the forward movement of the wagon, the wheels thereof move out of the groove (0;), whereupon the wagon toget her with the flange (Z7) is lifted and there is formed again suflicient space (d, Fig. 2) between the tube (a) and the flange (7)) for enabling the wagon to move freely to the next tube for the admission of gases and va- OIS.

A rail track is used in connection with this arrangement wherein the rails have the F known grooves (a). During the movement of the wagon, the wheels must pass during each new adjustment over the tubes (0) the rail grooves (a) without stopping i. e. they must overcome certain resistances during the movement. In order to obviate this in connection with heavier wagons, two rail tracks may be employed as shown in Figure 5 of the accompanying drawing. The width of track (7") of one pair of wheels (to) is greater than the width of track (7") of the other pair of wheels (10) and the power required for the forward movement of the heavier wagons will be lessbecause the first pair of wheels (w) must not then unnecessarily roll over grooves lying in its path as in connection with two rails before gliding intothe grooves corresponding to the mounting of the flange (6) over thenext tube (0). The supply of the scavenging gases for one wagon may also eventually take place through several inlet PIPES, in which case, the lower bottom of the wagon has a corresponding number of holes as described above which are located during the descent of the wagon on the corresponding sockets of the inlet pipes.

. Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to beiperformed, I declarethat what I claim is:

1. In combination, afurnace'having gas andvapor pipes, rails in said furnace, a wagon including wheels movable on said rails and having a double bottom, the upper part of the bottom being permeable to gas and the lower part thereof being solid and having an opening provided with a flange for the admission of in ectedor circulating vapors from the furnace pipes, said rails having recesses therein at such points that when 7 the supporting wheels of the wagon simultaneously move into the recesses the flanged opening of the wagon registers with and en'- gages the furnace pipe, said recessesbeing of such depth as to limit descent of the flanged opening to the approximate level of the furnace pipe and acting to effect elevation .of

the wagon when the latter is moved in either direction from a position of registration of the flanged opening with the furnace pipe.

2. An arrangement as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the wagon includes two wheeled axles and that four rails are provided, the wheels of one axle being arranged to move on the two inner rails and the wheels of (the other axle on the two outer rails.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature. i M. KULZINSKI.

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