US1769879A - Incinerator - Google Patents

Description

July 1', 1930. E. o. HOWLE INCINERATOR Filed 00f. 27, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 van,

July 1, 1930. E. o. HOWLE INCINERATOR 2 Sheets-Shah's 2 Filed 001:. 27, 1927' In I Iilm

,& llllllllllll Fatenterl drug 1, 12 938 star ERNEST O. HOWLE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO MID-WEST INCINEEATGR CGREDRATIGN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE INCINER-ATOR This invention relates to improvements in an incinerator, particularly adapted for use in the basement of a home or other building for burning garbage and other refuse of all 5 kinds.

One of the principal objects of the invention is to provide an incinerator of this type, adapted to handle wet and dry materials, provision being made for drying out the wet 10 materials before they are introduced into the furnace chamber and burned, and means are also provided to force malodorous vapors or gases issuing from the drying material to pass through the burning zone, or

combustion chamber before they enter the flue.

More specifically, the invention contemplates the use of a fixed shelf adapted to temporarily support wet materials such as garbage above the furnace chamber proper, in combination with movable means for maintaining the wet materials upon this shelf or alternatively projecting the dried materials into the rear portion of the furnace chamber.

Other objects and advantages of this invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of one approved form of the apparatus.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the incinerator.

Fig. 2 is a central vertical section taken substantially on the line 22 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section taken substantially on the line 33 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4c is a horizontal section, taken substantially on the line 17-4; of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the sliding drawer, removed from the incinerator- Fig. 6 is an enlarged detailed vertical section illustrating one of the burner-shields.

The incinerator comprises an outer steel shell 1, consisting of a front wall 2, a back 45 wall 3, side walls a, a bottom 5 and a top 6.

An inner cast iron shell consisting of vertical side walls 7 and a rear wall 8 encloses the furnace and combustion chambers, the walls F 7 and 8 being spaced from the walls 4: and 3 of the outer shell to define an air space 9 therebetween for preheating the combustion air. An ash-receiving receptacle 1O rests upon the bottom of the casing, and is slidably introduced through an opening in the front wall of the outer shell 1, the vertical front wall 11 of the receptacle serving to close this opening when the receptacle is in place. A handle 12 is provided on the front of the receptacle for withdrawing same to empty the ashes. A main horizontal grate 13 is supported in the lower portion of the incinerator above the receptacle 10 by means of brackets 14 extending inwardly from the side walls 7. This grate 13 is shorter than the depth of the incinerator casing from front to rear, (as best shown in Fig. 2) so that the grate may be shifted horizontally to sift the ashes and to dump incombustible material such as tin cans into the receiver 10. A rear grate 15 is supported between the side walls 7 in an upwardly and rearwardly inclined position with its lower end 16 positioned above the rear end of horizontal grate 13, and its upper edge 17 positioned beneath the ledge 18 which supports the rear wall 8 of the inner-casing, which as shown in Fig. 2 terminates directly above the upper end of the rear grate 15. In the example shown. both grates are of the well known type consisting of spaced parallel bars 19 which are connected at intervals so as to form elongated spaces 20 therehetween.

. Suitable air inlets 21 are provided in the upper portions of the outer side walls 4, sliding dampers 22 being provided to regulate these air inlets. The pre-heated air passes from the space 9 between the side walls through openings 24. at the bottom of the easing into the ash-receiving space and thence up throughthe grate. Air also passes through the openings 25 in the rear portion of the inner side walls 7 into the space 26 behind the rear grate 15 and thence through this grate into the furnace chamber.

An inlet opening 27 in the front wall 2 of the outer casing slightly above the grate 13, is normally closed by a door 28 hinged in any suitable manner at 29, and provided with a catch 30 and a handle 81. A damper 82 of usual form may be provided in door 28. A.

chute 33 formed within the inlet opening 27 projects inwardly and downwardly to direct dry materials which are introduced through this opening, onto the horizontal grate 13.

A pair of gas burners 34 supplied from s manifold 35 and controlled by gas valves 3 and air inlet valves 37, are mounted in the front wall 2 directly above the grate 13 and one at either side of chute 33. The outlet 0 enings of these burners are beveled or unrout asindicated at- 38 so as to minimize thedanger of materials which are introduced into the incinerator clogging the gas outlets. To increase this protection, shields 39 (best shown in Fig. 6) are mounted between the chute 33and side walls 7 and have front portions 40 slightly overhanging the burners 34 so as toshield these burners as far as possible from the materials within the incinerator. It will be noted that these burners project their flames into the material in the furnace chamberfllrectly above the grate 13 so as to obtain themaximum benefit of these flames in mainthe combustion while at the same time .nnnimizing the heat to which the grate 13 is subjected. In. the usual form, wherein the burners are projected upwardly through the gate from beneath, a great deal of the heat these burners is wasted in heating the grate.

A second inlet opening 41 is provided in the forward portion of the top plate 6 of the shell 1 this opening being provided with a cover flhuving ahandle 43 by which the cover may beaconveniently lifted, this opening 41 is used to: the introduction of garbage and other wet refuse. A flue or outlet 44 for the gaseous products of combustion is provided in the rear rtion of top plate 6, this flue communicatmg with a chimney 45. The gaseous prodacts of combustion arising from the furnace chamber 46 pass upwardly through the combustion chamber 47 in the upper portion of the receptacle and thence outwardly through flue 44 into chimney 45.

A pair of horizontal guides or runways 48 are cast integrally with or secured to the opposite inner side walls 7 of the receptacle, in the upper portion thereof. A shelf 49 joining the side walls and extending backwardly approximately half the depth of the incinerator is supported from the forward portion of the guides 48 in any suitable mannor, for example by being bolted thereto as indicated at 50 in Fig. 3. A bottomless drawer, consisting of a front wall 51, side walls 52 and a rear wall 53 is slidably mounted upon the guides 48. When this drawer is in its normal forward position as indicated in the drawings, a portion of the front wall 51 thereof will close a correspondingly shaped opening in the upper portion of the front wall 2 of the incinerator, there being a handle 54 projecting forwardly from this portion of the front wall 51. When in this position, the

drawer is adapted to receive the wet materials introduced through the top inlet opening 41, and at such times the shelf 49 serves as a bottom for the drawer. A. lip portion 55 on front wall 2 extends upwardly above shelf 49 so as to prevent liquids draining out through the front of the incinerator casing. A plurality of openings 56 formed in the rear wall 53 of the drawer permit vapors and gases driven off from the drying material to pass rearwardly into the combustion chamber 47 where they mingle with the heated gases arising from the furnace chamber 46.

In operation, the drawer will normally be maintained in the position indicated in the drawings. Dry refuse will be introduced into the incinerator through the front inlet opening 27, and garbage or other wet refuse will be introduced through the upper opening 41. When sufficient refuse has been accumulated, the burning will be started by lighting the gas burners 34. No great amount of heat is required from the burners which are merely necessary to initiate and maintain the combustion. The heat produced by the burning materials upon the grates 13 and 15 will heat the incoming combustion air which must pass between the inner and outer casings, thus utilizing to pre-heat the combustion air heat that would otherwise be lost through radiation. The combustible materials will not only be supported upon the bottom grate 13 but will also be piled against the rear upwardly inclined grate 15 so that the area of this material exposed to the incoming combustion air will be considerably increased and the combustion facilitated. The hot gaseous products of combustion will pass upwardly through the combustion chamber 47 and outwardly through the flue 44 to the chimney 45. During this passage they will impinge against the lower surface of shelf 49 and heat the wet materials which are confined thereon by the slidable drawer. The malodorous vapors and gases driven off from the drying materials in the drawer will pass out through openings 56 in the rear bafile wall of the drawer into the combustion chamber 47 where they meet the hot combustion gases rising from the furnace and are broken down or consumed so that only unobjcctionablc gases pass out through the flue 44. Vhen the material supported above the shelf 49 has been sufiiciently dried, the handle 54 may be grasped and the drawer pushed inwardly along the guides 48 to the rear portion of the incinerator so as to to push the dried materials from shelf 49 and dump them through the open bottom of the drawer into the furnace chamber. These dried materials will thereafter be consumed along with the other dry materials which are inserted through the front inlet opening 27. Ashes and other incombustible materials will fall through the grate 13 into the ash receptacle 10, and the lower grate 13 may be pushed back along the supporting brackets 14 so that incombustible materials too large to pass through the grate may be scraped or dumped into receptacle 10. The ashes will be disposed of in the usual manner by withdrawing receptacle from the incinerator.

It will be apparent that when the drawer is pushed to its innermost position the dried materials ill be projected from the shelf 49 into the rearmost portion of the inclinerator so that they will fall upon the rear grate l5 and thence downwardly onto the rear portion of horizontal grate 13, this being the most desirable position for these materials to facilitate the combustion processes. By leaving the slidable drawer for a short time in his rear position, the heated gases passing upwardly through combustion chamber 47 will flow through the drawer so as to burn out and cleanse the same before it is drawn back to its normal position above shelf 49 to receive another supply of wet material through the upper inlet opening 41.

I claim: 7

1. In an incinerator including a receptacle housing a furnace chamber-in its lower portion, an inlet opening in thetop of the receptacle, a closure for the opening, means for supporting wet material above the furnace chamber including a shelf extending across a portion of the upper part of the receptacle beneath the inlet opening, and a bottomless drawer slidably mounted above the shelf.

2. In an inclinerator including a receptacle housing a furnace chamber in its lower por: tion, an inlet opening in the top of the receptacle, a closure for the opening, means for supporting wet material above the furnace chamber including horizontal guides mounted on the opposite inner side walls of the receptacle, a bottomless drawer slidable along these guides, and a shelf connecting a portion of the guides beneath the inlet opening to form a closure'for the bottom of the drawer when in one position.

3. In an incinerator including a receptacle housing a furnace chamber in the lower portion, means for supporting wet material above the furnace chamber including horizontal guides mounted on the opposite inner side walls of the receptacle, an opening in the front of the receptacle, an inlet opening in the top of the receptacle, a closure for the latter opening, a bottomless drawer slidable along the guides, a portion of the front wall of the drawer serving to close the front opening in the receptacle when the drawer is in. its extreme forward position at which time the drawer is beneath the inlet opening, and a shelf connecting the forward portions of the guides to serve as a closure for the bottom of the drawer when in its forward position.

t. In an incinerator including a receptacle housing a furnace chamber in its lower position, means for supporting Wet material opening in the receptacle when the drawer is in its extreme forward position at which time the drawer is beneath the inlet opening, and a shelf connectingthe forward portions of the guides to serve as a closure for the bottom of the drawer when in its forward position, there being outletsformed in the rear wall of the drawer to permit the escape'of gases into the combustion chamber of the incinerator.

5. In an incinerator including a receptacle housing a furnace chamber in thelower portion, means for supporting wet material above the furnace chamber including a shelf extending across a portion of the upper part of the receptacle, anda bottomless drawer slidably mounted above the shelf, there being outlets formed in the rear wall of the drawer to permit the escape of gases into the combustion chamber of the incinerator.

6. In an incinerator including a closed receptacle, a horizontal grate and an upwardly inclined rear grate in the lower portion of the receptacle, means in the front of the receptacle for introducing dry materials to the furnace'chamber above the grates, a flue opening from the upper rear portion of the receptacle, an opening in the upper front portion of the receptacle for introducing wet materials, a closure for this opening, a shelf beneath the opening for supporting the wet materials, and means movable from front to rear of the receptacle for alternatively confining wet materials upon the shelf or projecting these materials when dried into the rear portion of the furnace chamber.

7. In an incinerator including a closed receptacle, a horizontal grate and an upwardly inclined rear grate in the lower portion of the receptacle, means in the front of the receptacle for introducing dry materials to the furnace chamber above the grates, afiue opening from the upper rear portion of the receptacle, an opening in the upper front portion of the receptacle for introducing wet materials, a closure for this opening, a shelf beneath the opening for supporting the wet materials, a pair of guides extending along the inner side walls of the receptacle toward the rear thereof and in line with the shelf, there being an opening in the front wall of the receptacle, a bottomless drawer adapted to slide from front to rear along the shelf and guides, a portion of the front of the drawer closing the last mentioned opening when the drawer is in its forward position beneath the upper inlet for the wet materials, with the shelf forming a closure for the bottom of the drawer.

8; In an incinerator including a closed re- 11g eeptecle, a horizontal grate and an upwardly Inclined rear grate in the lower portion of tho reeeptale, means in the front of the remptacle for introducing dry materials to thmfurnace chamber above the grates, a flue 1 from the upper rear portion of the i it receptacle, an openin in the upper front M1011 of the receptac e for introducing wet materials a closure for this opening, a shelf a beneath the openin for supporting the wet {5 materials, a pair guides extending alon the inner side walls of the receptacle towa the rear thereof and in line with the shelf, there being an opening in the front wall of the receptacle, a bottomless drawer ada ted a fiq llide from front to rear along the s elf and guides, a portion of the front of the wer closing the last mentioned opening when the drawer is in its forward position beneath the upper inlet for the wet materi- 95 ale, with the shelf forming a closure for the bottom of the drawer, there being outlets formed in the rear wall of the drawer to permit the esca of gases into the combust-ion chamber 0 the incinerator. 0 9. In an incinerator including a closed reeeptaele having a combustion chamber in the lower portion thereof, a front inlet opening "Id rear flue outlet in the top of the receptaqclma closure for the inlet openin a drawer open at the top and bottom mova 1e from a PQSifiOn beneath the inlet opening to a sition beneath the flue, and a fixed shelf neath the inlet opening, the shelf servin as a closure for the bottom of the drawer w on in the first position.

ERNEST O. HOWLE.

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