US1766484A - Header - Google Patents

Description

Jung 24, 1930.

w. L. CLOUSE 1,766,484

HEADER v Filed Dec. 6. 1926 '2 Shets-Sheet 1 i m/L0 louse I avwe'ntz finer M04 June 24, 1930. w CLQUSE 1,766,484

HEADER Filed Dec. 6. 1926 2 Sheets-She et 2 VVZLHHITLL: 6814mm Patented June 24, 1930 UNITEDfSTATES PATENT OFFICE I WILLIAM n'cnousn, or mm, OHIO, AssIeNoR'ro 'rnn N 'rIo An MACHINERY '00.,

- or rrrrm, OI-IIO p HEADER This invention relates to a heading machine designed primarily for making different kinds of forgings from lengths of stock sheared from the end of a bar.. At the present time machines are in use. for producing both hot and cold forgings, wherein a blank is sheared from the bar and brought to position in front of an impression produced in a solid die, the forging being thereafter formed into desired shapes by pressure from the movement of the heading tool. Ithas been found, however, that so much'difiiculty is experienced in extracting'a forging from a solid die after the shaping process, that it is only possible to produce forgings having short shanks or, in other words, forgings the metal of which does not extrude into the hole in the die for. any appreciable distance. The difficulty is due to the fact that when an attempt is made to extract a forging of any length from a solid die the friction of the forging against the sides of the'die prevents the extracting tool from easily removingv the work and, as a result, said tool actually upsets the material in the die, causing it to develop .even more friction against the side of the die andpreventing its satisfactory removal. g I

It is an object of the present invention to overcome the objections above enumerated by providing a shaping or gripping die formed of sections so mounted as to be movable apart after the forging operation, thereby to permit easy removal of the work. v A further object is to provide a machine of this type adaptedto forge or shape the Work from stock, the diameter of which is greater than the-diameter of the shank of the work producedwhereby excess of metal extruded from the shank portion of, the blank will be utilized in filling depressions in the dies and in formation of the head of the work.

It is known tobe old to feed stock to dies, the diameter of the stock being the same as the diameter of the shank of the work produced. Such a machine has been disclosed in the patent to Briede No. 987,282 dated March 21st, 1911. A machlne of th1s type, however, is not suitable for use where the shankuof theWork is of less diameter than the diameter of the stock. Should an effort be made to produce a large head forging from stock corresponding in diameter to that of the shank of the work produced, then such a long length of this stock must protrude beyond the face of the gripping die that the stock will buckle when the heading tool comes in contact therewith and, consequently, a defective forging is produced. It has been found that it is not practical to allow more than 3 or 3 times the diameter of the stock to extend beyond the face of the gripping dies. As this amount of stock is not sufiicient to produce a large head-upon the shank by forging, the mostpractical way to produce a forging having a large proportion of stock in the head in relation to the diameter of the shank is to use a blank of stock having a larger diameter than that of the shankof the work. For this purpose it is necessary to utilize means whereby separate metal carried by the stock will be ex truded into the hole in the die to provide the necessary surplus metal without the objectionable projection of stock beyond thegripping dies.

WVith the foregoing and other objects in view which Will appear as the description proceeds, the invention resides in the combination and arrangementof parts and'in the details of construction hereinafter described and 1 claimed, it being understood that changes in the precise embodiment of the invention herein disclosed may be made within the scope of What is claimed, Without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In the accompanyingdrawings the preferred form of the invention has been shown.

In said drawings, f

Figure 1 is a plan View of the machine showing the dies in stock receiving positions.

Figure 2 is a similar view showing the dies closed together at the completion of the forging operation.

Referringto the figures by characters of reference 1 designates the bed of the machine on which is journaled a crank shaft 2 adapted to transmit motion through a pitman 3 to a heading slide 4. This heading slide includes a block 5 mounted for longi tudinal movement therein and carrying the heading tool or die 6. Springs 7 are interposed between the block 5 and the back end of the-recess 8 in which'it is mounted and constitute yielding means for holding the block normally projected in advance .of the heading slide as shown particularly in Figure 1. A stationary gripping die 'is'inounted in the bed 1 as indicated at 9 and one end thereof is recessed as at 10 so as to provide a shaping surface or die face for the production of the work. i v p An opening 11 is extended through this gripping die and has a stationary cutting die 12 in one end portion thereof through which the stock, indicated at S, is adapted to be fed. 7

A movable gripping die 13 is mounted in the bed 1 opposite the die 9 and is connected, by a toggle 14 to one side of the bed, the central joint of this toggle, in turn, being connected by a link 15 toa plunger 16. This plunger, which is slidable in the bed is adapted to be operated by a cam 17 rotatable with the shaft 2 and cooperating with rollers 18 in the plunger or slide 16. Gripping die 13 also has a recessed face as indicated at 1.9, the recesses 10 and 19 and the two dies being adapted to match when the dies are brought together so as properly to shape stock positioned between the dies.

A cutter 20 is mounted to slide upon one face of the gripping die 9 and is carried by a block 21 coupled to and actuated by one arm of a bell crank 22. The other arm of this bell crank is connected by a link23 to aslide 24 mounted on the bed 1 and actuated by, a cam 25 engaging rollers 26 in the slide. j

Slidably mounted in line with the cutter 20 is a stock holder in the form of a head 27 provided at one end of. a rod 28. This rod is slida-ble within a guide 29 and has a spring 30 for holding the head normally projected toward the cutter 20. A lever 31 is fulcrun'ied on the bed 1 and has alongitudinally slotted end 32 slidablyengaged by a stud 33 extending from rod 28. A finger 34 is extended laterally from the pivot end of lever 31' into the-pathof an. adjustable lug 39 carried by the slide 4.,

A rock shaft 40 is journaled at one end of the bed 1 and has a crank arm 41 at one end carrying an ejecting rod 42, which extends between the gripping dies .9 and 13 and is normally seated within the recess 10. Another crank arm 43-is carried by this rock shaft and has a spring controlled rod 44 extending therefrom, there being a guide 45 for supporting the rod and against which the controlling spring 46 is adapted to thrust. This rod carries a roller 47 which bears against a cam 48 carried'by shaft 2.

In practice the stock S, which is of a diameter greater than the shank of the work to be produced by the machine, is fed through the opening 11 and die 12 until there projects beyond die 9 a suflicient amount of metal to produce the work. The parts are so timed that immediately following. the insertion of the stock the cutter 20 will slide along die 9 and sever the blank from the stockand at the same time thrust it against the head 27 of the holder. Continned advance movement of the cutter 20 and its block 21 results in further compression of spring 30 and ultimate positioning of the stock blank B directly in the path of the header die or tool 6 and in front of the recessed face of die 9. In the meantime die 13 has been shifted laterally by the toggle 14 and as the dies 9 and 13 come together the blank B is engaged by the advancing headertool or die '6 and pressed firmly against the gripping dies; During this initial pressing action the springs 7 will be compressed until further relative movement of the slide 4 and block 5 is impossible.

'lVhile the springs? are being compressed during the advance of theslide 4 and during the clamping of-the stock blank B lug 39 comes against 'finger'34 and swings lever 31 laterally so as to move the head 27 away from the blank. The cutter 20 is .alsoshifted laterally away from the blank by the operation of the bell crank 22. Thereafter the header .tool or die forces the blank into the depression between the gripping dies 9 and 13 and causes the metal'to extrude within the recesses in the gripping dies so as to produce a shankfof less diameter than-the diameter of the stock and a head of greater diameter than the diameter of the stock. The'ejecting rod-42 constitutes an abutment for the extruded metal. Immediately following this shaping of the metal the slide 4 recedes from the gripping dies, the die 13 moves away from the die 9, and the ejecting rod 42 is actuated to remove the work from the recess 10. Thus the parts are all returned to their normal positions, spring 30 causing the released lever '31 to move to the position shown in Figure 1 during the return of the head 27 to blank gripping position. a i

The relative positions of the parts during the compression or forging of the blank between the dies have been illustrated in Figure 2. r

What is claimed is:

1. The combination with opposed gripping dies having depressions in the meeting faces thereof, there being a stock receiving opening in one of the dies, of a heading slide, a heading die, yieldable means for transmitting thrust from the slide to the dies, a yieldingly held holding element adjacent the opening in' the gripping die,

means for severing stock projecting from said opening, forcing it against the holding element, and shifting the stock and holding element to position the severed stock in line with the depressions in the gripping dies, means for advancing the heading slide to press the heading die yieldingly against the gripped stock during the first portion of the advance movement of the heading slide, and means operated by the continued advance movement of the heading slide for shifting the holding element away from the engaged stock, said heading slide constitutthe heading die and against the stock during the last portion of the advancing movement of the slide.

2. The combination with a structure having a blank receiving recess and a stock receiving opening, of a yieldingly pressed holding element, means for severing stock projecting from the opening, forcing it against the holding element, and thrusting through said stock against the holding element to position the stock in line with the recess, a heading slide, means actuated by the heading slide while moving toward the stock for initially gripping the stock against the recessed structure and finally forcing the stock into the recess, and means controlled by the heading slide during said movement thereof for releasing the stock from the holding element and the means cooperating therewith.

3. The combination with cooperating gripping dies having a blank receiving recess therebetween, of a cutting element, a yieldingly pressed holding element, means for guiding stock into the path of the cutting element, means for actuating the cutting element to sever a blank from the stock and thrust therethrough against the holding element to grip the blank and convey it to position in line with the recess, a heading slide,

a heading die carried thereby having a yieldable lost motion connection therewith, means for actuating the heading slide to move the heading die against the stock to clamp it during the initial portion of the advance of the slide, said heading die constituting means for subsequently receiving thrust from the slide to force the blank into the recess, and adjustable means actuated by the heading slide for shifting the holding element away from the stock during the initial contact of the stock by the heading die.

4:. The combination with cooperating gripping dies having a blank receiving recess therebetween, of a cutting element, a yieldingly pressed holding element, means for guiding stock into the path of the cutting element, means for actuating the cutting element to sever a blank from the stock and thrust therethrough against the holding element to grip the blank and convey it to posiing means for imparting a thrust through tion in line with the recess, a heading slide,

a heading die carried thereby having a,

yieldable lost motion connection therewith, means for actuating the heading slide. to move the heading die against the stock to clamp it during the initial portion of the advance of the slide, said heading die constituting means for subsequently receiving thrust from theslide to force the blank into the recess, and adjustable means actuated by the heading slide for shifting the holding element away from the stock during the initial contact of the stock by the heading die, said means including a stud adjustably mounted on the heading slide, a lever fulcrumed adjacent the slide and operatively connected to the holding element, and means extending from the lever for engagement by the stud.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto aifixed my signature.

WILLIAM L. CLOUSE.

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