US1762147A - Absorption refrigerating apparatus - Google Patents

Description

June 10, 1930.

E. E. ALLYNE ABSORPTION REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 7, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet l ATTORN EYS `lune 10, 1930. E, E, ALITYNE 1,762,147

ABSORPTION REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 7, 1929 :5 sheets-sheet 2 ATTORNEYS June 10, 1930. E; E ALLYNE 1,762,147

ABSORPTION REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Filed Feb. '7, 1929 s sheets-sheet 5 f INVEN-roR ATTOR lEY :2f

Patented Juney 10, 1930 I l UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ABsoRrrroN REERIGEEATING APPARATUS Application iled February 7, 1929. Serial No. 338,177.

This invention relates to refrigerating apinto a cake of ice to form aflywheel for carryparatus of the intermittent .absorption type. ing over from one refrigerating period to the The object of this invention is to improve other. Below the bottom of the rear pan the construction and operation of refrigeraportion and the front pan portion is a retors or iceboxes employing the absorption frigerating unit or grid also arranged in an 50 principle with particular reference to the upper rear and lower front grid portion, the

construction and arrangement of the evaporear portion being bathed to povide a circuitrator and the arrangement of its parts in suit-.. ous route for the refrigerant, either liquid or able compartments or chambers for the purgas, as it flows to and fromthe storage, this pose of carrying' over from one refrigerating circuitous.k route being connected in parallel 55 period to the other with as slight a rise in to the forward portion of the grid.A The rear temperature-as possible during the lapse of upper portion engages the underside of the refrigeration, or in other words, during the rear vtank portion and is, therefore, in close' heating period. heat conducting relation with respect to it,

` Briefly stated, the foregoing object is acso that the heat of any refrigerant passing 60 complished by providing the refrigerating from the storage to the grid could be readily chamber casing. with an upper storage comabsorbed and at the saine time the flywheel partment separate from the refrigerating may readily absorb any heat present in the chamber and adapt-ed to `receive a refrigerant box. The forward lower grid portion is 2o storage, the insulation between this chamspaced from the bottom of the forward por- 65- ber and the refrigerating chamber being tion vof the pan to provide a chamber for ice heat insulating but less effective than the cube containers. Below and at the front the normal heat insulation on the outside of the grid is provided with a suitableheat insulat- K boX to permitaslow'transfer of heat through 'ing floor or partitions provided with a lip the insulation and into the storage compartin f rontof the grid and serving to permit free 70 ment from the v refrigerating compartment, access at the front of the box to the cube conthe rate of transfer delaying any passage. of tainer compartment. This cube container heat during the heating period from the Compartment is closed by a suitableV inner storage to the refrigeratingI compartment. door which may be swung downwardly when In the further development of the object of the -main refrigerator door is open. At the 75 the inventionthe upper part of the refrigeratrear of the box and of the ice cube comparting chamber below thestorage compartment ment just described, is an additional ice conis provided with a heat absorber in the form tainer structure comprising a support hinged of a somewhat shallow pan extending across at the ba'ckl of the box and adapted to swing the back with an integral ldepressed panporcompartment. This hinged support, when tion or casing closed at the top and communiin proper "position, sustains a relatively large eating with the more Shallow forward por-y ice pan which las its mouth nesting` up about t1on. The depression of the rear jpan porthe rear portion of the heat absorberandexa 4o tion provides an open space above it and to tends -about the upperrear grid portion. A V85 the rear of the front portion for the circula"- cover is suitably supported inside of the rear tlonandcollection of hot air from the refrig- `pan portion and in a positionto engage the erating chamber. This entire pan containsj underside of the upper rear' grid portion so a quantity of heat absorbing liquid which that when the pan is filled with water upto the box from one side to the other and near up and latch to the'underside of the ice cube 8cv preferably may be water adapted'to freeze this cover, heat may be transferred readily 90 i the grid during the heating period and heat from the box. This bulk ice container not only furnishes a convenient supply of ice for an icing emergency but also functions as a part of theheat absorber of the flywheel.

The features of the invention thus far brought out and possibly others will be readily'understood from the following description, drawings and claims.

Referring now to the drawings, Fig. 1 is a yvertical section of the box looking from the side; Fig. 2 is a rear elevation showing the circuit; Fig. 8 is a front view of the upper portion; Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view looking from the side and showing a modified form of ice cube arrangement; and Fig. 5 is a top plan view of the refrigerating element or grid.

In the arrangement shown in the drawings, the box comprises a lower apparatus casingl having an access opening at the front and aI draft opening at the bottom. This bottom opening is preferably of t-he complete area of this compartment. Extending from the front near the bottom toward the top of this compartment is a Hue plate 2 separating from this apparatus con'ipartment a flue chamber 3v which is open to the bottom of the refrigerator on the one hand and to the back of the box as will appear. Supported 1n this apparatus compartment is a heat insulated refrigerating casing 4 having an upper downwardly extending skirt 5 at the front. Between this skirt and the bottom 0f the refrigerating casing is an opening closed by a suitable door 6 of the usual form. The skirt 5 forms an upper storage chamber 7 at the top and this is closed by plate 8 of heat insulating material secured in place in any suitable manner. This plate 8 while it is heat insulating on the one hand, it nevertheless should permit some transfer of heat through it to dispose of some of the heat in the box.l

Any suitable intermittent refrigerating circuit may be used but a suitable intermit- Atent absorption circuit is shown in Figs. 1

and 2, and it comprises an air-cooled condenser element 9, a'cylindrical still 10 arranged horizontally, a cooling loop structure generally indicated at 11 and communicating by conduits 12 and 13 with the still all arranged in the apparatus compartment. The still may be provided with a suitable burner 14;. The top of the still communicates with a gas outlet and rectifying loop in the form of a pipe l5 which passes up at the back of the box to the top in a rectifying flue 16 and thencedownwardly into and near the bottom of a closed trap casing 17. This trap casing has a pipe 18 extending out of its top and connected as at 19 to the top of the condenser element. The trap casing 17 is also provided with a pipe 2O extending out of its side about one-third of the way down and leading to the two conduits 12 for returning the gas to the loop during the refrigerating period.

The flue portion 3 communicates with the main Hue 21 extending up the back of the box and open at the top. y

The lower part of the condenser is con- -nected by a pipe 22 with branches leading to the top of a refrigerant storage 23 of substantially annular form, either square or circular, in the storage chamber 7. Extending downwardly from the storage 23 is a refrigage and its grid and yet must be capable of bypassing back to and through the pipe 22 any boiler liquor which may. be entrained with the gas and collected in the evaporator.

The absorption circuit thus far described has a very familiar operation in that during the heating period gas passes from the still through the rectifying loop to the bottom of the trap and below the surface of the liquid collected therein. It bubbles up through the liquid in the trap and passes by the condenser pipe 18 to the top of the condenser which it enters and in which it is condensed and flows through the pipe 22 to the evaporator storage at the top of the refrigerator. The liquid refrigerant collects in the entire evaporator apparatus and at the end of the heating period and after the proper cooling of the apparatus returns through the pipe 22 to the condenser, thence to the trap and back through the loop pipe 20 to the loop where it initiates boiler liquor circulation through the loop and promotes cooling and absorption. The various cooling and heating effects necessary for the proper operation of the absorption system are brought about by the-flue arrangement.

The foregoing description has set up the general construction and type of refrigerator and the description will now proceed with that part of the invention which relates to the arrangementof the heat absorber andthe ice cube compartments which serve to prevent all heat effects within the refrigerator raising the temperature of the refrigerating compartment and ice cubes during the heating period.

Below the evaporator storage and its compartm'ent is a heat absorber in the form of a forward somewhat shallow central pan portion 28 having side liquid or water legs 28 extending downward the depth of the ice cube compartment as will appear. This forward portion extends from one side of the box to the other and opens down at the back in a long narrow conduit 29 the full width ofthe box, to a closed rear pan or casing 30 which also extends from one side to the other of the box. This rear pan or casing 30 may be deeper than the pan portion 28 and both are filled with `wat'erwhich extends to a point near .the upper edge of the pan 'portion 28.

This rear pan portion 30 is closed at its top and there is an air chamber 30 formed above it and to the rearvof the forward portion 28 to provide a heated air4 circulating and collecting chamber. The rear pan portion is the same in dimension across the box as the forward portion as shown in Fig. 3, and thev housing for` the cube chamber, to bedescribed, stops at the rear end of the forward pan portion 28 so that vertical side'flues are forned past the rear pan portion 3() to the. chamber Below this heat absorber is a refrigerating unit or grit which comprises, as shown .in Fig. 5, a tubular rectangular grid structure consisting of side tube yheaders 31 and 32 and cross-connecting tubes arranged in a forward group of pipes'33, and a rear group 34,

[the rear group being raised as a group in a horizontal plane above the plane of the group 33 by upwardly bendingl the headers 31aud 32 at 35 and 36. The refrigerant supply pipe 24 from the storage enters the grid at 37 for example, passes along the back pipe 34 to the Aleft header 31 where it passes forward and is pan or casing 30 so as to be in intimate heat transfer relation with respect to it.

The forward lower grid portion is supported upon thevfloor of a heat-insulating housing having an upwardly extending lip 41 extending along the front of the grid. This housing also includes side walls 40 and a rear wall 40. Between this forward porltion of the grid the .bottom of the forward pan portion 28 and its legs 28 is an ice-cube compartment for ice-cube containers 42. The front edge of the pan portion 28 is provided with a suitable stop'strip 43 and the opening to the ice-cube compartment thus formed is closed by a suitable inner door 44 which is hinged at 45 along itslower edge. The icecube compartment` and its floor or partition 40 extend from one side of the refrigerating chamber to the other and stop short of the rear at substantiallythe front of the pan portion 30 as shown. In this space there is a bulk ice container pan'46 open at the top a nd notched at 47 and 48, Fig. 3, at the front, to permit the passage of the headers 31 and 32 therethrough. It is alsonotched at the front to receive the pan 30 as shown in Fig. 4. 'Ihe sides and back of this bulk ice container nest nicely about the pan/or casing portion 30 so that the heat absorbing characteristic of the upper rear portion of the grid is nicely confined to the flywheel absorber portion 30 and to the bulk pan 46. If desired the bulk pan 46 may be provided with cleats 49 at its l:nd supporting a cover 50 which extends into the pan and hasraised curved recesses 51 which receive the grid coils. This cover is of such a shape that portions of it extend below the surface of the liquid in this bulk container 46 and permit ready transfer from the container and liquid to the grid. This bull; container 46 is preferably removable by downward and outward movement and may be held in place by any suitable mechanism, the arrangement shown being in the form of hinged brackets which swing from the back of the box to a supporting position under the container 46.

It will be seen from the foregoing that during the cooling period the heat absorber, comprising'the pan portions 28 and 3,0, will be frozen. will also be frozen and likewise the water in the bulk container 46. When the refrigerating cycle ceases and the heating period begins, any heat 'present in the liquid refrigerant delivered to the storage and passing to the grid will be absorbed by the flywheel and the bulk container and therefore prevented from reaching the ice cubes. Also any heat present in the box will pass up about the bulk container and the rear portion of the heat absorber and collect in the heat collecting chamber 30' from which it will be absorbed by the fiywheel and the bulk container ice.- It will also be seen that the ice cubes are always between the freezing coilsofthe grid below and the ice flywheel above and protected against melting during the heating period. In this' way the temperature of the box will be maintained with little or no variation during the heating period and the ice cubes will be kept intact ready foruse.

In the modification shown in Fig. 4 the partition 40 is moved down to provide an additional icecube compartment 55 below the grid coils 33 for containing another ice cube pan or container 56. The back of this compartment may be suitably closed if desired by a heat insulating wall 57 The cubes in the cube containers 42 What I claim is:

l. In a refrigerating apparatus of the absorption type, a cabinet 'comprising a casing having a refrigerating chamber and an upper refrigerant storage chamber heat insulated from the refrigerating chamber, a refrigerant. storage in said storage chamber, a heat absorber adjacent toand below the storage compartment and comprising a forward p ortion extending subst-antlally from one side of the box to the other and a rear portion wherein the heat absorber is in the form of a pan extending across the refrigerating chamber and communicating with a lower heat transfer relation with respect to the refrigerating coils below the rear portion of said heat absorber, comprising a pan extending up about the coils and nesting about the rear portion of the heat absorber, and a cover within said bulk pan and provided withporf tions extending into the liquid thereinl and other portions contacting with the coilsvof the refrigerating eIement.

In testimony' whereof I hereby ailix my signature.A

EDMUND E. ALLYNE.

closedl casing at the rear ,to provide a heat collecting chamber above and at the rear.

3. Refrigerating apparatuses in claim 1 wherein the heat absorber is in the form of a pan extending across the box with downwardly extending legs at the sides and a de- -pressed closed rear portion in liquid communication with the front portion.

4. Refrigerating apparatus of the type set forth in claim 1 wherein. the refrigerating element is in the form of a grid including a horizontal row of tubes in heattransfer relation with the rear portion of said heat absorber and a depressed front row spaced from the bottom of said forward portion of the heat absorber, the latter to provide a space for ice cube containers.

5|. Refrigerating apparatus of the type set forth in claim 1 wherein the refrigerating element is in the form of a grid including a horizontal row of tubes in heat transfer relation with the rear portion ofsaid heat absorber and a depressed front row spaced from the bottom of said forward portion of the heat absorber, the latter to provide a space for ice cube containers, and 'another container for freezing liquid arranged below and in heat transfer relationwith respect to the refrigerating coils below the rear portion of said heat absorber.

6. Refrigerating apparatus of the type set forth in claim '1 wherein the refrigerating elementis in the form of a grid including a horizontal row of tubes lin heat transfer relation with therear portion of said heat absorber and a depressed front row spaced from the bottom of said forward portion of the heat absorber, the latter to provide a space for ice cube containers, and another container for freezing -liquid arranged below and in n

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