US2400191A - Refrigeration - Google Patents

Description

C. C. 'COONS REFRIGERATION May 14, 1946.

Filed July 18, 1942 3 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR Curtis 0. Coons BY 52' @ZMMQ ATTORNEY y 9 6- c. com 2,400,191'

REFRIGERATION Filed July 18, 1942 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR fiurtis 6. 000128 ATTORNEY May 1946- I c. c. cooNs 2,400,191

REFRIGERATION Filed July 18, 1942 $Sheegs-Sheet :5

mvr-zu'ron turtle 6. 600m ATTORNEY Patented May 14, 1946 Curtis 0. Coons, North Qanton, Ohio, assignor to The Hoover Company, North Canton, Ohio, a.

corporation of Ohio Application July 13, 1942, SerialNo. 451,443

(o1. sa nas) 25 Claims.

This invention relates to the art of absorption refrigerating apparatuses and. more particularly to an absorption refrigerating apparatus of the three-fluid type, especially adapted to produce a useful refrigerating eifect at a first temperature level suitable for effective preservation of foodstuffs and the like and to produce a second refrigerating effect at a lower temperature level'suitable for freezing ice, producing frozen foodstuffs and the like.

It is further a particular object of the present invention to provide low temperature refrigeration for the production of ice and the like by evaporating substantially pure liquid refrigerant into an inert gas and to provide for higher temperature refrigeration for the preservation :of foodstuffs and the like by evaporating liq id reto liberate substantially pure refrigerant vapor, a condenser C," a low temperature evaporator 'E, a high temperature evaporator H, a gas heat exchanger G, a tubular air cooled absorber A, a solution reservoir S, a liquid heat exchanger L, a circulating fan or pump F which is driven by a suitable electrical motor M. These elements are suitably interconnected by various conduit to 1 form a plurality of gas and liquid circuits to be cartridge heater or by-a combustible fuel burner frlgerant from a solution of the refrigerant and I absorbing liquid into the inert gas.

It is. a further object of the present invention such as a gas burner.

The heating element for the boiler and the electrical motor M will be governed by any suitable control mechanism for regulating the pro- 1 duction of refrigeration. A preferred form of control'mechanism is illustrated and described in United States Patent No. 2,228,343, issued January 14, 1941.

In the normal operation of the apparatus the 80 tained. 'I'he vapor "so iormed passes upwardlyexchange relationship with the cold liquid produced in the high temperature evaporating zone and to produce the refrigerant utilized inthe low temperature evaporating zone from the liquid discharged from the high temperature evaporate ing zone.

Qther objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent as the description proceeds when taken in connection with the accompanyingfj the U-shaped-conduit 13 into the inner path of the secondportion ll of the heat exchanger R drawings in which: a

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic illustration partly in sectionaand partly in enlarged perspective of a refrigerating apparatus embodying the present invention, Q I

' Figure'2 is a; partial sectional elevational view illustrating themanner in which the present invention is associated with the cabinet of a domestic refrigerating apparatus, and

. Figure 3 is a. view similar to Figure lot a modified form of the invention.

- Referring now to Figure 1 there is illustrated a three-fluid absorption refrigerating apparatus.

comprising a boiler B, an analyzer D, ahe'at transfer, element R designed to p'rodueefayen rich through the analyzer D in'contact with and in counterflow relationship to strong absorbent solution flowing downwardly through the analyzer. The resulting vapors are then conveyed from the upper portion of the analyzer D through the conduit II to the inner path of the portion ll of theheat exchange element R. A portion of the vapors supplied to the conduit l I are condensed in the element 1'2 and are drained therefrom through wherein the condensate is pre-cooled in a manducted'through the conduit l5 into the gas supply conduit. of the evaporator H through which it flows by gravity in counterflow relationship to the inert gas. Conduit I5 includes a U-shaped gas lift pump portion lIa to elevate the condensate intofthe evaporator which is higher than IeIementR. 1 Pumping gas is introduced into the eve -lemm of U shaped element lia by conthe conduit 2| to the "outer path of the element 1 l2 of the heat exchanger R in which it is brought 7 into heat exchange relationship with the 'hot vapors supplied to the conduit I I.

In the element l2 refrigerant vapor is evolved from the rich solution discharged from the evaporator H. The refrigerant vapor then. flows through conduit 23 to the condenserC. The remaining solution is then drained through the conduit 24 to the richsolution return line 25 of the boiler-analyzer assembly. The conduit 24 opens into the upper portion of the element l2 to insure that the inner conduit of the element l2 will always be submerged in the condensate.

A U-shaped finned conduit 26 is connected to the bight portion of the U-shaped conduit 13 in order to relieve the element R of vapor which has passed therethrough uncondensed, and also to purge the element R of any non-condensible vapors. These vapors and non-condensible gases pass through conduit 26 to the condenser C. Any condensate formed in conduit 28 drains back into the conduit is and flows into the evaporator H. The vapors supplied through conduit 23 are substantially pure ammonia and as a result the condensate formed in the condenser C is pure liquid ammonia. This condensate is drained from the bottom portion of the condenser through the conduit 21 to the gas inlet portion 28 of the freezing evaporator E. The conduit 21 is U-shaped to form a liquid sealing trap and passes in contact with the air cooling fins 29 on one section ofthe evaporator H in order to pre-cool the liquid' 'refrigerant.

The evolution of refrigerant vapor in the boiler B produces a weak solution of refrigerant in the absorbent which is removed therefrom to the reservoir S by way of the conduit 30, liquid heat exchanger L, and the finned looped pro-cooling conduit 3|. The liquid is conveyed from the reservoir S to the upper portion of the absorber through the gas lift pump conduit 33 which is supplied with pumping gas from conduit 34 which connects to the discharge conduit 35 of the inert gas circulator F. The upper gas space of the reservoir S is ventedby means of the conduit 36 to the suction connection 31 of the-circulatin fan thereby placing the liquid in the reservoir S under the suction pressure of the fan'which is the lowest pressure prevailing in the system The absorbing solution flows downwardly by "gravity through the absorber A in counterflow relationship with and in contact with a rich mixa conduit 36 of the reservoir S and the lower portion of the condenser C above the liquid level in the conduit 2! in order to relieve the condenser of non-condensible products and to maintain the condenser pressure substantially at that prevailing in the suction conduit 31 of the gas circulator F.

The inert gas which is discharged under pressure from the circulating element-- F passes through the conduit 35, the inner path of the gas heat exchanger G and conduit28 where it enters the evaporator E. The inert gas flows through the evaporator E with sufficient velocity and pressure to circulate the liquid refrigerant therethrough by the frictional drag of the relatively high velocity stream of inert gas flowing in contact therewith. Thus the inertgas serves to distribute the liquid and to circulate the same through the conduit forming the evaporator E .asthe liquid is evaporating into the inert gas to produce a refrigerating effect.

After traversing the evaporator E the inert gas exits therefrom through pipe 42 to the outer path of the gas heat exchanger from which it is conveyed through the conduit I8 into the evaporator H. The evaporator H is sloped downwardly from its point of connection with conduit 15a to provide for gravity flow of the refrigerant counter to the flow of the inert gas. The cross sectional area of the conduits forming evaporator H is larger than the cross sectional area of the conduits forming evaporator E. The solution partially evaporates in evaporator and produces a refrigerating efiect as described hereinabove. The inert gas is then conveyed from the gas discharge conduit [1 of the evaporator H to the bottom portion of the absorber A by means of the conduit 43. The inert gas then flows upwardly through the absorber A and returns to the gas circulator through the conduit 31.

Referring now to Figure 2 the manner in which the above described refrigerating apparatus is assembled with a cabinet will be described. Only the upper portion of the cabinet structure and its associated refrigerating elements are illustrated in detail as the arrangement of the mechanism compartment, particularly the arrangement of boiler, absorber, solution circuit conduits and the circulating fan and its motor will be substantially that illustrated and described in U. S. Letters Patent 2,250,944, issued July 29, 1941, that is, with the absorber, boiler assembly underlying the food storage chamber of the cabinet structure.

The cabinet structure comprises an insulated housing 5| which contains in its upper portion an insulated partition 52 separating the housing into an upper freezing chamber 53 and a lower food storage chamber 54. The chambers 53 and 54 may be reached through the insulated cabinet door 55. An additional dOOr 56 is provided for the chamber 53 in order to prevent warming of the freezing chamber when the door is opened solely for the purpose of obtaining access to the chamber 54.

The evaporator E is positioned in the lower portion of the chamber 53 and supports on its upper surface a flat plate 5! of heat conducting material which is adapted to support freezing eceptacles such as ice trays and the like.

The evaporator H which is provided with air cooling fins, as shown, is positioned in the upper portion of the chamber 54 directly beneath the partition 52.

The condense C is positioned in the upper portion of an air flue 60 which extends vertically along, the rear side wall of the cabinet 50 and in T5 the usual manner will communicate with the underlying mechanism chamber which is also openfor flow of cooling air therethrough. The gas heat exchanger, the auxiliary condensing element :8, the parts I! and H of the element R, the various connecting conduit are positioned in the flue 60 in the manner shown. If desired, insulatlng material may be applied to the ga heat exchanger G, the various portions of the element R and the conduit connecting the element It to the analyzer and to the evaporator H.

The rear wall of the cabinet ,50 is provided with an opening 8| which is designed to be closed by an insulated closure or window element 82. A suitable gasket 63 may be provided to seal the joints between the cabinet and the element 62.

When the apparatus is constructed the entire refrigerating machine will be assembled together with the element 62 and will be tested as a unit after which the refrigerating apparatu will he slid forwardly into the cabinet from the rear to extend the evaporator elements through the opening 6i and to bring the element 62 into position in that opening. r-

The plate 52 as shown is formed integrally with the cabinet and is provided with a slot 64 which is sealed by a forwardly projecting panel 65 to accommodate the vertically extending portion of the conduit 21. However, if desired the panel 52 may be made as an integral part of the element 62 in which event it will be assembled with the cabinet when the refrigerating mechanism is assembled therewith.

Referring now to Figure 3 there is illustrated a modified form of the invention of the type in which the liquid refrigerant is circulated by a heat operated vapor lift pump and the circulation of inert gas is achieved by the density differential existing between the cold rich gas enroute' to the absorber and the warm lean gas flowing from the absorber to' the evaporator. With this form of the invention a light gas such as hydrogen is preferred as the pressure equalizing medium.

therein contained and produces weak solution.

The vapor so formed elevates the weak solution through the vapor lift conduit 88 by the wellknown vapor lift action and the-resulting lean solution flows through the conduit 8|, liquid heat into the element I! of the element R, which function similarly to the element It described above.

The inner pass M of the element R .is connected by conduit 8| toa gas separation vessel T. The vessel T is positioned with its lower portion at an elevation above the upper or gas outlet portion of evaporator H and is drained into the upper portion of evaporator. H by means of a U- shaped conduit 88. The upper or gas containing space of vessel T is vented by conduit 92 which connects to the lower end of condenser 26'. The

upper end of condenser is vented by conduit 95 to the upper portion of condenser C.

The condensate flows by gravity through. evaporator H and is drained from the lower gas inlet portion of evaporator H by means of conduit 84. Conduit 94 opens into the outer pass pressure increases substantially to force the actapered throughout its length. Thus the channel exchanger L' and conduit 82 to the upper end of the absorber A. The rich solution formed in the absorber flows from the lower portion thereof to the boiler B byway of the conduit 83:1iduid cumulated condensate and some of the vapor upwardly into the vessel T after which the vapor flows into condenser 28' and is condensed except for non-condensible materials which pass on to the condenser C.

The solution which passes through the element l2 after evolution of refrigerant vapor therefrom drains through the conduit 81 to the upper end 'of the analyzer gas separation chamber'85 and flows downwardly across the plates 86 in contact with and in counterflow relationship with the vapor flowing upwardly through the chamber 85 to the conduit l I.

In this form of the invention the ice freezing evaporator 88 is formed of a relatively large diameter conduit which is continuously sloped downward slightly from its point of connection with its gas discharge conduit 42' to its gas supply conduit 28' to provide for gravity flow of liquid refrigerant therethrough. The evaporator 89 supports a horizontal tray supporting shelf I00 which is secured to and maintained in horizontal position by channel element lfll. The channel NH conforms to the evaporator conduit 89 and is is deepest at the gas inlet end of conduit 89 which is the lowest part of the evaporator and the channel tapers to substantially zero depth adjacent the point of connection of conduit 42' to the evaporator which is the highest part of the evaporator.

The conduit 21' enters the evaporator conduit adjacent its point of connection with the gas discharge conduit 42' to. provide for counterflow of the refrigerant and inert gas in the evaporator 88.

The inert gas circuit is as follows: The lean inert gas formed in the absorber is conveyed from the upper end thereof to the inner path of the gas heat exchanger G by the conduit 80 and then through the conduit 28' to the evaporator 89.

described hereinafter. The hot vapor servesto evolve refrigerant vapor from this solution and the resulting vapors pass through the conduit ll After traversing the evaporator 89 the inert gas is conveyed through conduit 42 to the outer path of the gas heat exchanger from which it is conveyed -through conduit l8 to evaporator H and from the evaporator H to the bottom portion of the absorber A by the conduit 43', thus completing the inert gas circuit.

In this form of the 'invention the inert gas is circulated by the difference in density between the warm lean column of inert gas flowing upwardly through the conduit 90 and the cool rich column of inert gas descending through the conduit 43.

This form of the invention is designed and intended to be assembled with a cabinet structure similarly to the manner in which the form of the invention illustrated in Figure l is associated with a cabinet structure.

The present invention is particularly designed and intended to provide satisfactory refrigeration at a low temperature freezing level and at a high temperature food preservation level while utilizing a three-fluid absorption .efrigerating mechanism. This object is particularly accomplished by producing the high temperature refrigerating effect by evaporating from a solution of the liquid refrigerant in the absorbent containin approximately 80% by weight of refrigerant when supplied to the high temperature evaporating coil. By this means the high temperature refrigerating effect is efliciently produced and the evaporator will never frost up though it may collect some condensate when the air within the compartment 54 is humid. If desired, a suitable louvred condensate collecting tray maybe positioned beneath the evaporators H and H.

The present invention efficiently utilizes'the necessary rectification of the vapors in refrigerating apparatuses to provide the refrigerant for the high temperature evaporating zone and at the same time insures that the heat of rectification will not be wasted and rejected ultimately from the system. This object is accomplished by utilizing the heat of rectification to produce substantially pure refrigerant vapor from the solution discharged from the high temperature evaporator. The vapor so produced is then condensed in an air-cooled condenser and is supplied to the low temperature evaporator. The high temperature evaporator operates on a solution of refrigerant in the absorbent and the low temperature evaporator operates with pure liquid refrigerant.

In the form of the invention illustrated in Figure 1, the overflow solution from the rectifying heat exchange element mixes with the rich solution returning to the analyzer and flows into the analyzer.

In the form of the invention illustrated in Fi ure 3 the solution discharging from the rectifying element forms the sole liquid supply to the anayzer.

It is characteristicof both forms of the invention that the hot mixture of refrigerant and absorbent vapor supplied to the rectifying and heat exchange elements R. and R flow in counterfiow relationship and in heat exchange relationship with the relatively cold solution which is supplied to the heat exchange and rectifying elements R and R. from the low temperature evaporator; liquid supplied to the low temperature evaporator is cool, the overflow liquid flowing to the analyzer is at an elevated temperature and the vapors passing to the condenser leave the rectifying and heat exchange elements in direct heat exchange relationship with the freshly generated vapors.

It is also a characteristic of the present invention that since refrigerant for one evaporator is vaporized in a first heating zone, k condensed in a first condensation zone, is reevaporated in a second heating zone and is re-condensed in a second condensation zone during which process it is completely relieved oi non-condensible gases By reason of this relationship the and of absorption liquid and vapor of absorption liquid.

It is therefore characteristic of the present invention that the low temperature freezing evaporator is supplied with substantially pure liquid refrigerant without, however, occasioning any loss of heat from the system by way of. rectification. It is also characteristic that the rectifying process may economically be carried to absolute completion in the present construction as distinguished from partial completion in prior constructions.

While only one embodiment of the invention has been shown and described herein, it is apparent that various changes may be made in the arrangement and construction of parts without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the annexed claims.

I claim:

1. Refrigerating apparatus comprising a pair of evaporators, a boiler, an absorber, means connecting said absorber and said evaporators for circulation of an inert gas therebetween, means connecting said boiler and said absorber for circulation of absorption solution therebetween, a heat exchange element arranged to receive vapors from said boiler and to supply condensate produced by liquefying said vapors to one of said evaporators, means for conveying condensate which has traversed said one evaporator to said heat exchange element, and means for condensing vapors evolved in said heat exchange element from condensate which has traversed said one evaporator and for supplying the condensate produced by liquefying said last mentioned vapors to said other evaporator.

2. Refrigerating apparatus comprising a pair of evaporators, a boiler, an absorber, means connecting said absorber and said evaporators for circulation of an inert gas therebetween, means element and for supplying the condensate produced in said means for condensing vapors to the other of said evaporators. I

3. Absorption refrigerating apparatus comprising a pair of evaporators, a boiler, an absorber, means providing for circulation of absorption solution between said boiler and said absorber, means providing for circulation of inert gas between said absorber and said evaporators, and structure constructed and arranged to supply liquid to. one of said evaporators derived by liquefying vapor evolved in said boiler and to supply liquid to the'other of said e"aporators derived by liquefying vapor evolved from liquid removed from said one evaporator.

4. In a refrigerating apparatus, a pair of evaporators, a boiler, an absorber, a condenser, means spoon-e1" boiler by heat transferred to said second part, mean for supplying liquid from said first part to one of said evaporators, means for supplying liquid from said one evaporator to said second part, said second part being constructed and arranged to vaporize liquid received from said one evaporator by heat transferred from said first part, means for conducting vapor from said second part to said condenser, and means for conducting liquid from said condenser to the other of said evaporators.

'5. In a refrigerating apparatus, a pair of evaporators, a boiler, an absorber, a condenser, means providing for circulation of absorption solution between said absorber and said boiler, means providing for circulation of inert gas between said absorber and said evaporato'rs, a heat exchange means including a first part and a sec.

ond part, means for supplying vapor from said boiler to said first part, said first part being constructed and arranged to liquefy vapor received from said boiler by heat transferred to said sec-v ond part, means for supplying liquid from said first part to one of said evaporators, means for supplying liquid from said one evaporator to said second part, said second part being constructed and arranged to vaporize liquid received from said one evaporator by heat transferred from said first part, means for conducting vapor from said second part to said condenser, means for conducting liquid from said condenser to the other of said evaporators, an auxiliary condenser connected between said first part and said condenser to condense vapor uncondensed in said first part and to supply condensate to said first part.

6. In a refrigerating apparatus, a pair of evaporators, a boiler, an absorber, a condenser, means providing for circulation of absorption solution between said vabsorber and said boiler, means providing for circulation of inert gas between said .absorber and said evaporators; a heat ex-v change means including a first part and a sec-. ond part, means for supplying vapor fromsaid boiler to said first part, said first part being constructed and arranged to liquefy vapor received from said boiler by heat transferred to said .secondzpart, means for supplying liquid from said first part to one of said evaporators, means for supplying liquid from said one evaporatorto said second part, said second .part being cona structed and arranged to vaporize liquid received ducting liquid from said second-part to said boiler evaporator by heat transferred from said first part, means for conducting vapor from said second part'to said condenser, means for conducting liquid from said condenser to the other of said evaporators, means for conducting liquid from said second part to said boiler and for passing said liquid into heat exchange relationship with vapor produced in said boiler, an auxiliary condenser connected between said first part and said means for supplying vapor from said boiler to said first part, said first part being constructed and arranged to liquefyvapor received from said boiler by heat transferred to said second part, means for supplying liquid from said first part to one of said evaporators, means for supplying liquid from said one evaporator to said second part, said second part being constructed and arranged to vaporize liquid received from said one evaporator by heat transferred from said first part, means for conducting vapor from said second part to said condenser, means for conducting liquid from said condenser to the other of said evaporators, and means for passing liquid from said second part and liquid enroute from said absorber to said boilerin contact with vapor flowing from said boiler.

9. In a refrigerator a cabinet structure including an insulated refrigerating compartment and a vertically extending cooling air fiue, insulated means dividing said refrigerating compartment into freezing and food preserving portion; an absorption refrigerating apparatus associated with said cabinet structure including an evaporator in each of said portions of said cabinet structure,

andfor passing said liquid into heat exchange relationship wlth vapor produced in said boiler.

absorber and said evaporators, a heat exchange.

means including a first part and a second part,-

means for supplying vapor from said oiler ,to

said first part, said first part beingconstructed and arranged to liquefy vapor received from said .boiler by heat transferred to said second part,

means for supplying liquid fromsaid first part to one of said evaporators, means for supplying E liquid from said one evaporator to said second part, said second part being constructed and arranged to vaporize liquid received from said one an air cooled condenser in said flue, an absorber,

a boiler, means providing for circulation of absorption solution between said absorber and said boiler, means providing for circulation of inert gas between said absorber and said evaporators, a heat exchange means including a first part and a second part, means for supplying vapor from said boiler to said first part, said first part being constructed and arranged to liquefy vapor receivedfrom said boiler by heat transferred to said second para-means for supplying liquid from said first part to one of said evaporators, means for supplying liquid from said one evaporator to said second part, said second part'being constructed and arranged to vaporize liquid received from said "one evaporator by heat transferred from said first part,.means for conducting vapor from said second part to saidcondenser, and meansffor conducting liquid from said condenser to the other of said evaporators.

10. In arefrigerator a cabinet structure including an insulated refrigerating compartment and a. verticall'y'extendmg cooling air flue, insu lated means dividing said refrigerating compartmentdnto freezing and food preserving portions;

an absorption refrigerating apparatus associated with said cabinet structure including heat rejectingmeans arranged to be cooled by air flowing through said flue, a boiler, means constructedand arranged to supply the evaporator insaid food preserving portion of said cabinet with a refrigerant produced by condensation of vapor produced in said boiler, means constructed and arranged to supply the evaporator in said freezing portion with refrigerant condensed from vapors evolved by absorption of the heat of condensation of the liquid supplied to the evaporator in said food preserving portion.

11. That improvement in the art of refrigeration which includes the steps of applying heat to a solution of refrigerant in an absorbent to evolve vapor therefrom, liquefying said vapor by heat exchange with liquid discharged from an evaporating zone, supplying said liquefied vapor to said evaporating zone, evolving vapor from the liquid discharged from said evaporating zone by the heat absorbed in liquefying said first mentioned vapor, and liquefying said last mentioned vapor and supplying the resulting liquid to another evaporating zone.

12. That improvement in the art of refrigeration which includes the steps of applying heat to a solution of refrigerant in an absorbent to evolve vapor therefrom, liquefying said vapor by heat exchange with liquid discharged from an evaporating zone, supplying said liquefied vapor to said evaporating zone, evolving vapor from the liquid discharged from said evaporating zone by the heat absorbed in liquefying said first mentioned vapor, liquefying said last mentioned vapor and supplying the resulting liquid to another evaporating zone, and flowing an inert gaseous medium through said second mentioned evaporating .zone and then through said first mentioned evaporating zone.

13. In a refrigerating apparatus, a pair of evaporators, a boiler, an absorber, a condenser, means providing for circulation of absorption solution between said absorber and said boiler. means providing for circulation of inert gas between said absorber and said evaporators, a heat exchange means including a first part and a second part, means for supplying vapor from said boiler to said first part, said first part being constructed and arranged to liquefy vapor received from said boiler by heat transferred to said second part, means for supplying liquid from said first part to one of said evaporators, means for supplying liquid from said one evaporator to said second part, said second part being constructed and arranged to vaporize liquid received from said one evaporator by'heat transferred from said first part, means for conducting vapor from said second part to said condenser, and means for conducting liquid from said condenser to the other of said evaporators in heat transfer relationship with said one evaporator.

14. In a refrigerating apparatus, a pair of evaporators, a boiler, an absorber, a condenser, means providing for circulation of absorption solution between said absorber and said boiler,

means providing for circulation of inert gas between said absorber and said evaporators, a heat exchange means including a first part and a second part, means for supplying vapor from said boiler to said first part, said first part being constructed and arranged to liquefy vapor received from said boiler by heat transferred to said second part, means for supplying liquid from said first part to one of said evaporators, means for supplying liquid from said one evaporator to said second part, said second part being constructed and arranged to vaporize liquid received from said one evaporator by heat transferred from said first part, means for conducting vapor from said second part to said condenser, and means for cluding an insulated refrigerating compartment and a vertically extending coolingair flue, insulated means dividing said refrigerating compartment into freezing and food preserving portions; an absorption refrigerating pparatus associated with said cabinet structure including an evaporator in each of said portions of said cabinet structure, an air cooled condenser in said fiue, an absorber, a boiler, the evaporator in said food preserving portion comprising an elongated gas and liquid passageway formin means provided with an extensive air cooling surface, the evaporator in said freezing portions comprising an elongated gas and liquid passageway forming means adapted to underlie and refrigerate freezing receptacles and the like, means arranged to receive vapor from said boiler and to condense such vapor by heat exchange with liquid discharged from said evaporator in said food preserving portion, means for conducting liquid condensed from said vapor from said vapor receiving means to said evaporator in said food preserving portion, means for liquefying vapor evolved in said vapor receiving means from the liquid discharged from said evaporator in said food preserving portion, and means for conveying liquid from said last mentioned liquefying means to said evaporator in said freezing portion in heat exchange relationship with the evaporator in said food preserving portion.

16. In a refrigerating apparatus, a pair of evaporators, a boiler, an absorber, a condenser, means providing for circulation of absorption solution between said absorber and said boiler, means providing for circulation of inert gas between said absorber and said evaporators, a heat exchange means including a first part and a second part. means for supplying vapor from said boiler to said first part, said first part being constructed and arranged to liquefy vapor received from said boiler by heat transferred to said second part, means for supplying liquid from said first part to one of said evaporators, means for supplying liquid from said one evaporator to said second part, said second part being constructed and arranged to vaporize liquid received from said one evaporator by heat transferred from said first part, means for conducting vapor from said second part to said condenser, and means for conducting liquid from said condenser to the other of said evaporators, said means providing for circulation of inert gas being so arranged that inert gas flows from said absorber to said anothe evaporator in heat exchange relationship with inert gas flowing from said another evaporator to said one evaporator.

17. Refrigerating apparatus comprising a pair of evaporators, a boiler, an absorber, means connecting said boiler and said evaporators for circulation of an inert gas therebetween, means connecting said boiler and said absorber for circulation of absorption solution therebetween, a heat exchange element arranged to receiv vapors from said boiler, said element being positioned below one of said evaporators, a separation chamber positioned above said one evaporator and arranged to receive liquid from said heat exchange element produced by liquefying said vapors, means animal for :convering liquid from said vessel to said one.

evaporator, means for conveying liquid whichhas traversed said one evaporator to said heat exchange element, and means for condensing vapors evolved from liquid which has traversed said one evaporator in said heat exchange element and for supplying thecondensate to said other evaporator.

18,. Refrigerating apparatus comprising a pair of evaporators, a boiler, an absorber, means connecting said boiler and said evaporators for circulation of an inert gas therebetween, means connecting said boiler and said absorber for circulation of absorption solution therebetween, a

ing thereinto and for supplying said vessel with condensate from said vapor, means for conveying condensate which has traversed said one evapfzznlnrarefrigerator 'a cabinet structure havingifreezing and food preserving compartments, a boiler, an evaporator in said freezing compartment comprising an elongated conduit underlying and inheat exchange relation with a substantially horizontal receptacle support, an evaporator in said food preserving compartment comprising-an elongated conduit arranged to cool the air in said compartment, means for flowing liquid discharged from said evaporator in said food preserving compartment in heat exchange relation with vapor produced in said boiler to liquefy said vapor, means for conducting said liquefied vapor to said evaporator in said food preserving compartment, means for condensing vapor liberated in said first mentioned means from orator to said heat exchange element, and means for condensing vapors evolved from said last menr tioned condensate in said heat exchange element and for supplying the resulting liquid to said other evaporator.

. l9. Refrigerating apparatus comprising a pair of evaporators, a boiler, an absorber, means connecting said boiler and saidevaporators for circulation of an inert gas therebetween, means connecting said boiler and said absorber for cirexchange element to one of said evaporators,

means for supplying pumping gas from said inert gas clrcuit to said gas lift pump means, means for conveying liquid which has traversed said said liquid discharging from said evaporator in said food preserving compartment, and means for conducting said last mentioned vapor to said evaporator in said freezing compartment.

23. In a refrigerator a cabinet structure including insulated freezing and food preserving chambers, an evaporator having an extensive heat transfer area arranged to refrigerate said food preserving chamber, an elongated conduit arranged in said freezing chamber beneath a horizontal receptacle supporting plate, said conduit being inclined slightly to the horizontal to provide heat conducting path between said horizontal one evaporator to said heat exchange element,

heat transfer means, means forsupplying vaporizable liquid which has traversed said first cooling unit to said heat transfer means, said heat transfer means being constructed and arranged to pass said refrigerant-vapor in heat exchange relationship with a vaporizable liquid, means forsupplying to said first cooling unit liquid produced by condensation of said refrigerant vapor in said heat transfermeans. a second coolingunit, a condenser, means for conducting to said condenser vapor evolved from said vaporlzable liquid, and means for conducting liquid from said condenser to said second cooling unit.

plate and said inclined conduit, a boiler, means for passing liquid discharged from said evaporator in said food preserving compartment in heat exchange relation with vapor from said boiler to condense said vapor, means for conducting said condensed vapor into said evaporator in said food preserving chamber, means for condensing vapor liberated in said heat exchange means from liq-1 uid-discharged from said; evaporator in said food preserving chamber, and means for supp y ng the condensate to said evaporator in said freezing chamber.

24. In a refrigerator a cabinet structure including insulated'freezing and food preserving chambers, an evaporator having an: extensive heat transfer area arranged to refrigerate said food preserving chamber, an elongated conduit arranged in said freezing chamber beneath a horizontal receptacle supporting plate, said conduit through said absorber and said evaporators in which inert gas which hastraversed saldevaporator in said freezing chamber flows through said evaporator in said food preserving chamber and thence to said absorber, means for passing liquid discharged from said evaporator in said food preserving compartment in heat exchange rela- 21. In -a.refrigerator a boiler, a plurality of I evaporators, means for flowing liquid discharged from a first one of said evaporators in heat ex- 7 tioned means from said liquid discharging from said first evaporator, and means for conducting Said last mentioned vapor to a second evaporator.

tion with vapor from said boiler to condense said vapor, means for conducting said condensed vapor into said evaporator in said food preserving chamber, means for condensing vapor liberated in said heat exchange means from liquid discharged from said evaporator in said food preserving chamber, and means for condensing said last mentioned vapor and for supplying the condensate to said evaporator in said freezing chamber. V

g 25. In a refrigera ing system that improvement which consists in liquefying vapor of a refrigerant and evolving vapor from a body of said refrigerant in liquidphase which has traversed a first place of evaporation by conducting said vapor and said liquid in heat exchange relationship with each other, evaporating said liquefied vapor in said first place of evaporation to-produce a first refrigerating effect, passing vapor liberated from said body of refrigerant in liquid phase in heat transfer relationship with a cooling medium to form another body of refrigerant in liquid phase, and evaporating said last mentioned body of refrigerant in liquid phase, and evaporating said last mentioned body of refrigerant in liquid phase in a second place of evaporation to produce a second refrigerating efiect.

CURTIS C. COONS.

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