US1762134A - Economizer - Google Patents

Description

w. A. JONES June 3, 1930.

ECONOMIZER Filed July 15, 1924- 4 Sheets-Sheet l NVENTOR w. A, ES

June 3 EGONQMIZER Filed July 15 24 4 sheet etl 2:

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June 3, 1930.

W. A. JONES ECONOMIIZER Filed July 15, 1924,

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1* ATTORNEYS.

June 3, 1930.

W. A. JONES ECONOMIZER Filed July 15, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 I N VEN TOR.

ATTORNEYS.

Patented June 3, 1930 UNITED ,'STATES PATENT OFFICE WILLIAM A. JONES, OF WEST NEW BRIGHTON, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE BAB- COGK & WILCOX COMPANY, OF BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY, A. CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY ECONOMIZER Application filed July 15,

My present invention relates to economizers and-will best be understood by reference to the following description and to the annexed drawings in which Fig. 1 is an eleva tional View, partly in section, of a boiler installation equipped with an illustrative embodiment of my economizer; Fig. 2is a sectional elevational view taken at right angles to Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a plan view corresponding to Fig. 1, with parts broken away Fig. 4: is a plan view of the illustrative form of my economizer with the top removed and illustrates the manner of removing the economizer tubes where the space between it and the adjoining economizer permits the tube to be withdrawn only'a portion of its length; Figs. 5 and 6 are detail views showing the manner of supporting the tubes; Fig. 7 shows an alternative means for supporting the tubes; Fig. 8 is a view of a portion of the tubes in cross-section midway of their length and illustrates the spacing of the tubes and the manner in which this spacing is taken advantage of in removing atube; and Fig. 9 is a section along the line 9 9 of Fig. 4.

Referring now to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, 10 denotes the drum of a boiler of the Babcock & Wilcox type, having water tubes 11 and transverse bafiies 12 and 13 affording the customaryv three passes over the tubes 11. The boiler is shown equipped with a superheater 15. Mounted preferably above the boiler is a casing 17 for the economizer A. The economizer A is preferably located at one side of and below the top of the casing 17, whereby a straight flue 18 is formed between one side 20 of the economizer and the opposite side of the casing 17. The casing 17 is mounted above the boiler so that the flue 18 will register with the exit passage 21 for the gases leaving the boiler, thus enabling the gases after passing beneath the baflie 13 to have a fairly straight path from the boiler tubes in the last pass to the top of the economizer A.

An exit passage 23 is provided at the bottom of the economizer leading into the flue 24, in which is located a fan 25. -At the bottom ofthe economizer and below exit passage 23 is provided a hopper 26. Since the gases.

leaving the economizer make a fairly sharp 1924.. Serial No. 726,096.

turn, considerable dust deposits from these gases and falls into the hopper, together with dust and soot which become disengaged from the tubes of the economizer. Water or other liquid to be heated is admitted through a pipe 28 at the bottom of the economizer, the heated fluid being withdrawn at the top thereof through pipe 29, through which it passes to the drum 10of the boiler. In this manner acounterfiow of the fluid to the heating gases is secured. The pipe 29 is provided with valves 30, 31 and 32 for controlling the flow of the liquid, the two last-named valves being useful whenever the end of pipe 29 is disconnected from the economizer.

It will be seen that the gases leaving the boiler pass up the straight flue 18 and enter the economizer at the top, the side wall 20 terminating somewhat below the uppermost header of the economizer A, thereby facilitating the flow of the gases. Important advantages are secured by this arrangement. In the first. place, by locating the economizer abovethe boiler, all four sides of the boiler are accessible and all four sides of the economizer are accessible, without either apparatus beingin the way of access to the other. Furthermore, having an idle pass for the gases at the side of the economizer to the top thereof, assists in minimizing the draft drop through the boiler and economizer, because the coolin of the gases in their downward flow over t e economizer tends to aid the flow the flow 0f the gases. Again, when the gases traverse the economizer tubes downwardly, there is a less amount of dust collecting on the tubes and consequently less interference with the heat transfer, than when the gases pass in the reverse direction. This arrangement also permits locating the induced draft fan above the boilers, thereby affording a much shorter and more direct discharge flue from the fan to the stack. The type of economizer illustrated is more fully described in the patent to J acobus No. 1,329,767, of Feb- 100 ruary 3, 1920, although it will be understood that other types may be employed.

I have illustrated in detail in Figs. 4 to 9 inclusive, an economizer embodying certain features of my invention. Tubes 301 connect headers or boxes 302 and 303. The casing for the economizer is provided on its outer exposed side with the customary heat insulation 304. The ends of the casing are advantageously composed, each of two hinged door 305. As in the type disclosed in the J acobus patent referred to, there is at each end one box 302 or 303 for each two horizontal rows of tubes, the headers being spaced apart sufliciently to allow the tubes to be passed between the headers for insertion or withdrawal. A part of an economizer B for an adjacent boiler is shown at the right in Fig. 4.

Means are provided for the efficient removal of such soot and dust as may collect on the economizer tubes. I have illustrated soot blowers 30, each consisting of a substantially vertical tube, provided with nozzles located at various points throughout its length. As shown in Fig. 2, steam may be admitted tothe blower 30 through the connection 31. The blower 30 is supported by a bracket 31 and is rotatable about its axis, thus permitting of a thorough distribution of the cleaning jets of steam. In order to introduce the blower 30 into the economizer, however, inasmuch as the tubes in two successive rows are staggered with respect to one another, it is necessary to remove several tubes in the vertical plane passing through the boiler. Unless special precautions are taken, a lane will be formed due to the removal of these tubes, which will permit of short circuiting of the gases therethrough. To overcome this difficulty, I provide several longitudinal baffles 33, one of which is shown in Fig. 4, which prevent this short circuiting of the gases. In this construction, as will be evident, the blowers 30 may readily be removed by disconnecting the steam connections and lifting them out. w

Where the tubes have considerable length, special means must be provided to support the tubes intermediate their ends. I have indicated two means of supporting the tubes, Figs. 4 and 7 showing the use of a vertical plate 35 perforated to accommodate the tubes, the perforations being somewhat larger than the tubes to permit some play when. a tube is removed from the economizer. As shown in Fig. 4, the plate 35 is located midway between the ends of the tubes. In Figs. 5 and 6, I have shown horizontal cross members 37 which are held in place by means of slots in vertical members'39 secured in the sides of the economizer. As shown in Fig. 6, a cross member37 is provided for each row of tubes.

Fig. 4 also illustrates amanner in which tubes may be removed and inserted in the economizer when the distance from the adjacent economizer is not greater than onehalf a tube length. The doors 305 forming the end of the economizer casing are swung open and the tube out free of the headers.

The tube, after being cut loose, is first thrust into the header atthe left end, say, of the economizer and is completely drawn out of the header at the other end (right end) of the economizer. In order to do thisthe end which is out of the header is raised or lowered to a point where it is opposite to the space between the headers, this space between the headers being shown at 40 in Fig. 1, and somewhat more clearly in the patent to Jacobus referred to. The tube is then drawn forward into this space between the headers at the end of the setting, the left end being passed through plate 35. In this position the tube is free to be moved sidewise until it meets the side wall of the economizer chamber, or until it comes into contact with the vertical soot blowers 30, whereupon it will usually be in such a position as to be pulled out clear of the adjacent economizer. In this latter case the soot blower, if in the way, may be moved out of the way.

As shown in Fig. 8, sufficient space is provided between the tubes to permit of a tube being moved between two adjacent horizontal rows. It will be understood that while the plate 35 is shown midway between the headers 302 and 303, this location is not essential and may be varied in case it would not be possible to remove the tubes, while the plate is in its central position, due to some exterior obstruction.

I claim:

1. Incombination, a boiler, an economizer placed above the boiler, an unobstructed flue admitting gases from. the boiler directly to the top of the economizer, and an exit for the gases at the bottom of the economizer.

2. In combination, a boiler, an economizer placed above the boiler, an unobstructed flue admitting gases from the boiler directly to the top of the economizer, an exit for the gases at the bottom of the economizer, and a hopper beneath said exit for receiving dust from the gases.

3. In combination, a boiler, a casing above the boiler, an economizer in said casing and spaced from the top and one side thereof, thereby providing a vertical flue for the ascending gases having an inlet at the bottom and admitting gases directly to the top of the economizer, said vertical flue being free from any heat absorbing elements and an exit for the gases at the bottom of the casing.

a gas inlet at the bottom and admitting gases I directly to the top of the economizer, and an exit for the gases at the bottom ofthe casing, said flue registering with the last pass over the boiler heating surface.

5,. In an economizer, oppositely located headers arranged in rows, substantially horizontal tubes connecting said headers andarranged in rows with spaces between the rows sufliciently large to permit removal th'erethrough of a tube in one of the rows, and a supporting member beneath at least one of said rows, the vertical dimension of said member being relatively small, whereby said-member will notinterfere with said removal of a tube between said rows.

6. In combination, a boiler, an economizer placed above the boiler, a flue admitting gases from the boiler to the top of the economizer, and an exit for the gases at the bottom of the economizer, said economizer having oppositely located headers arranged in rows, the headers of each row being spaced apart sufficiently to allow the tubes to be passed between the headers for insertion.

7. In combination, a boiler, an economizer placed above the boiler, an unobstructed flue admittin gases from the boiler directly to the top 0? the economizer, an exit for thegases at the bottom of the economizer, and means conducting water from the economizer direct- 1y to the circulation system of the boiler.

WILLIAM A. JONES.

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