US1760796A - Machine for treating hides, skins, leather, and other similar pieces of work - Google Patents

Description

May 27, 1930. c. szMUKLER v 1,760,796

- MACHINE FOR TREATING HIDESl SKINS, LEATHER,

AND OTHER SIMILAR PIECES OF WORK Filed Deo. 1, 192e Fig?.

VI//llIIlllllllIlI/lllllill/11111117 lill/1111111111llllllllllllllllll;

skins.

Patented May 27, 1930 UNITED ,STATES PATENT OFFICE CONSTANTIN SZAIVIKLER, 0F GRENOBLE, FRANCE MACHINE FOR TREATING- HIDES, SKINS, LEATHER, AND OTHER SIMILAR PIECES OF WORK v Application led December 1, 1926, Serial No. 152,043, and in France December 3, 1925;

This invention relates to machines forr treating hides, skins, leather and other similar pieces of work andis illustrated as embodied in a drum for washing hides and It is to be understood, however, that the invention and various important features thereof may have other applications and uses.

As heretofore constructed, rotary drums designed especially for washing operations upon hides and skins had noprovision for anything but the simplest agitation of the hides or skins in the washing liquids during the rotary movements of the drums. Commonly, to produce a washing action, such drums were provided with pins or with shelves which served to lift the hides or skins and to drop them into the liquid below. Furthermore, no provision was madein such prior constructions for removing from the treating drum any of the waste material or other foreign matter during the washing operation. Hence, at the end of such operation, all

of the foreign4 matter washed from the hides or skins was still present in the wash water, thus frequently necessitating several repetitions of the washing operation, with a fresh washing liquid each time, in order to leave the hides or skins in a clean condition. Hence, for thereasons indicated, in the use of drums of the type referred to and of other similar constructions, the washing of hides and skins was a time-consuming operation.

It is an object of this invention to provide an improved drum which will be especially effective in the operation of washing hides and skins, so that the desired cleansing will be performed in shorter time, with fewer changes in the washing liquid and fewer repetitions of the washing operation. To these ends, and in accordance with important features of the invention, there is provided in the illustrated construction a rotary drum having partitions therein constructed and arranged to provide a cell within the drum spaced from the walls thereof and designed to secure extremely 'violent agitation of the treating liquid and consequent rapid yet thorough scrubbing and washing of the hides or skins undergoing treatment. Preferably, and as shown, the cell inthe drum is formed in part by vtwo partitions which extend in opposite directionsA from the inner surface of the drum in spaced relation to each other and considerably past the center of rotation of the drum so as to form the long sides of the cell. The construction and arrangement are such that washing liquid is continually slipping from one or the other of these long sides during the rotation of the drum, thereby forming a violently agitated mass of water into which the hides or skins are projected and in which there are present twisting and rollinfr cross currents in the liquid which exert eective washin g action on the hides or skins and cause friction between the hides or skins themselves and between them and the surfaces of the partitions and the walls of the drum together with such iexing of the hides or skins as will assist materially in eliminating all waste material and other foreign matter. As illustrated, openings are provided in the walls of the drum to communicate with openings in the cell so that hides or skins may be introduced from the outside into the cell within the drum, ledges being provided adjacent to the openings in the drum to prevent escape of the hides or skins, the opening themselves be' ing never closed. f

In the illustrated construction, additional partitions are provided for wallin oif pockets from the central cell Within the rum, these partitions being provided with holes through which waste material and other foreign matter may escape into the pockets during the washing operation. Preferably, and

as illustrated, these holes are conical in shape,

flaring outwardly toward the pockets withv the smaller ends of the holes openin into the cell containing the hides or skins un er treatment. Because of this arrangement there is less likelihood of foreign matter being returned to the cell where the hides or skins are under treatment and no possibility of the hides or skins or any parts of them being drawninto the holes during the rotation of the drum. As illustrated, the ockets are each provided with a discharge-s ot opening on the exterior of the drum so that foreign matter collected in the pockets, together with washing liquid containing foreign matter,

will be discharged from the drum during rotation of the latter.

These and other features of the invention and novel combinations of parts 'will now be described in detail and then pointed out more particularly in the appended claims.

matically the effect of the rotation of the drum upon a mass of hides or skins and Washing liquid. v

a is a circular Wooden casing formed by staves, similarly to the usual casks for liquids. The two sides, or ends, are closed by suitably shaped panels b b.

Two partitions c c are fixed in the interior and extend about two thirds of the diameter of the drum. i

These partitions form-a sort of inner ,rectangular cell provided with diagonally opposed openings (d d) which are always open.

At two other diametrically oppose-d points, the drum comprises rectilinear walls e e', having holes e2 sufficient in number to allow the suitable evacuation of liquid and dirt from the apparatus.

These holes e2 are conical with the smaller end of each hole opening on the inner sur. face of the wall e or e', in order that the solid matter, which escapes with the water contained in the drum, cannot re-enter the interior of the apparatus and on the other hand, the hides, however small, cannot escape, while at the same time allowing complete evacuation'of the dirt.

Finally, rectangular slots g g extending along the staves from panel to panel, opening out to the exterior of the drum, and communicating with spaces or pockets formed at h h', allow of the evacuation of the contents of the spaces or pockets k 7L.

Two trunnions f f allow the wholedrum to rotate around the axis a: w', Fig. 2, the trunnions being hollow to provide for the introduction of the treating liquid.

Operation-The required quantityof liquid is poured into the drum, and the hides to be treated are placed therein through the opening j when the drum is in the position shown in Figs. 1 and 4. A suitable speed is imparted to the drum and the following movements vresult therefrom:

Let us imagine that the apparatus' rotates in the'direction of the arrow F, and that the hides are situated initially at i, Fig. 3.

A s the drum subsequently -occupies the position of Fig. 4, the hides are thrown into the space formed bythe walls'c' The drum 'sition.

next occupies lthe position of Fig. 5, where the hides rest on the partition-c and then the -drum without interruption in its rotary movement reaches the position of Fig 6, Where the hides slip from the partition c and are hurled into a mass of violently agitated liquid as will be now described.

As the hides assume these different positions, the mass of water becomes violently agitated, owing to its inertia combined with the effect of the action of gravity which urges the water to regain a horizontal po- During the rotation of the drum, the water passes from partition e to 0', thence to partition e and then 0 and finally back to e. During a single rotation of the drum, the water undergoes re, peatedly a movement of angular displacement ending in the formation of a turbulent mass ofl water with twisting, rolling cross currents each time the water is discharged from a long partition, c or 0', to a short partition, e or e', as in Fig. 6. Some of the hides will follow the same course as the water, as indicated in Fig. 6; others of the hides, because of frictional contact with the partitions will lag behind, so that the hides are cleaned by the agitated water and also by friction between themselves and with the surfaces of the partitions. A ledge fu. Fi 6, throws back the hides, prevents them rom leaving the drum, and serves as a defiector to increase the agitation of the drum contents.

During rotation of the drum, the 4hides are lifted to a considerable height before falling due to the centrifugal force developed during rotation and helped by the friction between the hides and the walls of the drum.

When the water and the hides reach the p0- sition of Fig. 6, the weight ofthe mass, of water and hides prevails over the .centrifugal effect due to the rotation and said mass falls abruptly; the hides, lagging slightly behind K the water.

After the first half turn, the operation is renewed with the other side of the drum, and so on. In each complete rotation of the drum,

therefore, the hides are twice lifted andy dropped and twice beaten against the cushion' of water, each half turn producing a friction of the hides against the walls and against themselves in an energetic way, 4the hides tending to accumulate in a ball, during the rise, and to roll on the surfaces along which they slide during the fall from the long sides of the inner cell. i

It will be seen that by these different movements, all the matt to be eliminated is detached and the continuation of the operation forces out all forei matter.

On the other han the continuous fall of water on the hides, and theagitation, aswell as the fall of the hides themselves on the water cushion at cach half turn, produces a thorough washing and a scouring of all the arts.

The exit of the hides is easily effected through the openings j', provided for this purpose as Well as for the entrance of hides into the drum, when the `drum is turned so that one opening y" faces the ground. I

Having described my invention, what l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

I claim:

1. A hide treating machine comprising a rotary drum having end panels for closing it at both ends, and partitions arranged to form a hide treating cell spaced from the walls inside said drum, whereby spaces are provided between the partitions and the sides of the drum, and the partitions having unobstructed openings into said spaces constructed and arranged to permit hides to pass therethrough during rotation of the drum.

2. A hide treating machine comprising a rotary circular drum closed at both ends, and having partitions inside said drum arranged along chords of arcs of the circular section of said drum to form a cell within the drum for the treatment of hides, spaces being formed between the partitions and the sides of the drum, the cell having unobstructed openings into certain of the spaces formed in part by the partitions, the openings being constructed and arranged to permit the hides to pass therethrough during `rotation of the drum.

3. A hide treating machine comprising a rotary4 circular drum having end panels for closing itat both ends. and having partitions inside said drum arranged along chords of arcs of the circular section of said drum whereby spaces are provided between the partitions and the sides of the drum, said partitions eacli touching the inside periphery of the drum along one line only and being arranged to form a central substantially rectangular cell having unobstructed openings into said spaces into which the hides maybe projected during rotation of the drum.

4. A hide treating machine comprisinga rotary circular drum closed at both ends, and having partitions inside said drum, parallel to the -aXis thereof, said partitions each touching the inside periphery of the one line only, and ledges projecting inside said drum at points between said lines, the

periphery of said/drum having openings between said ledges and said lines.

5. A hide treating machine comprising al rotary drum closed at both ends, and having partitions inside said drum, parallel to the axis thereof and to each other, and perforated walls perpendicular to said partitions and forming segmental spaces within said drum, the segmental spaces having outlets to the exterior through the wall of said drum.

drum along' 6. A hide treating machine comprising a drum havingend panels for closing itat both ends and having openings in its surface other than the end panels ,for the introduction of hides to be treated, said drum having partitions inside forming an inner central cell, said partitions having openings adjacent to the openings in the surface of said` drum, so that hides may be introduced through an opening in the drum and an opening in one of the partitions into the central cell, and stationary ledges for preventing escape of hides from the openings in the drum.

7 A hide treating machine comprising a drum closed at bot-h ends and having partitions inside forming on the one hand an inner central cell, and on the other hand spaces between the partitions and the inner surface of said drum, said partitions having holes between said cell and the respective spaces. and the wall of the drum having an opening between each of the spaces and the exterior surface of the drum.

8. A hide washing machine comprising a drum closed at both ends and having parti.

tions inside arranged to provide walled-olf pockets or spaces, the partitions having holes Haring outwardly to prevent return of materia-l from the pockets to the body of the drum, and the walls of the drum having openings leading to said pockets.

9. A hide treating machine comprising a rotary cylindrical drum closed at both ends.

having partitions inside forming on the one hand an inner central cell, and on the other hand, segmental spaces between the partitions and the innerv surface of said drum, certain of said partitions having holes opening into said spaces, the walls of the drum other than the end panels having openings into said spaces, other partitions having openings placing the inner cell in communication with other segmental spaces for the introduction of hides into the central cell, and the arched wall of the last-mentioned segmental spaces also having openings for the introduction of hides.

10. A hide treating machine comprising' a drum having end panels for closing it at both ends and having partitions inside forming on the one hand an inner central cell, and on the other hand, spaces between the partitions and the inner surface of said drum, certain of said partitions having openings placing the inner cell in communication with certain of the spaces, thel walls of the drum other than tral cell, and on the other hand, segmental spaces between the partitions and the inner surface of said drum, certain of said partitions having holes connecting the cell with certainy of the segmental spaces-other partitions having openings placing the inner cell b in communication with others of the segmental spaces, the cylindrical wall of the drum having openings into said last-named segmental spaces, and inwardly projecting ledges bordering said openings, the segmen- 10 tal spaces formed by the iirs -named parti- 4tions having outlets to the exterior surface of the drum.

12. A hide treating machine comprising a rotary drum having end panels for closing it at both ends, and having partitions therein to form a cell within the drum, two of the partitions being arranged to extend in opposite directions from the inner surface of the drum in spaced relation to each other and considerably past the center of rotation of the drum so as to form the long sides of the cell, said two partitions being each secured to the inner surface of the drum along one line only so as to leave unobstructed openings from the cell into spaces within the drum and outside of the cell.

13. A hide treating machine comprising a rotary drum having end panels for closing it at both ends, and partitions arranged to form 3i', a hide treating cell within the drum, said cell being a rectangular oblong in shape, the long sides of the cell having openings into paces between the cell and the sides of the rum.

'CONSTANTIN SZMUKLER.

Images