US1760330A - Furnace or heater construction - Google Patents

Description

May 27, 1930. H. w. WEST FURNACE 0R HEATER consmucnou 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 19, 1929 May 27, 1930. H. w. WEST FURNACE OR HEATER CONSTRUCTION 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 19, 1929.

May 27, 1930. I H. w. WEST 1,760,330

FURNACE OR HEATER CONSTRUCTION Filed Match 19, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented May 27, 1930 warren stares HOW'ARD W. "WEST, OF PORTSMOUTH, VIRGINIA I FURNACE OR HEATER CONSTRUCTION Application filed March 19, 1929. Serial No. 348,226.

This invention relates to a furnace or heator construction, and has for an lmportant object thereof the provision of a furnace body construction capable of use either in an air heater or in a hotwater or steam boilerconstruction.

A further and more specific object of the invention is to provide for tube circulat on through the furnace body while employing construction such that the flue gases may be circulated along at least a portion of the walls of the tube after they have entered the flue.

A still further object of the invention 1s to produce a device of this character wh ch may be constructed in the form of a casting and which, because of its arrangement, is capable of sectional construction.

A still further object of the invention 1s to provide in a construction of this character when employed as an air heater an arrangement such that recirculation of partially heated air may be obtained, and a down draft within the usual casing and about the walls of the furnace may be produced.

A. further object of the invention is to provide a device of this character providing for superheating of air in conjunction with the usual external heating by the outer wall of the furnace in which the superheater may be readily rendered inoperative when desired.

These and other objects I attain by the construction shown in the accompanying drawr ings, wherein for the purpose of illustration is shown a preferred embodiment of my invention and wherein Figure 1 is a side elevation of an air heater constructed in accordance with my invention;

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view therethrough on line 22 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a section on line 3-3 of Figure 2;

Figure l is a plan view of the furnace unit; ,7 Figure 5 is a section on line 55 of Figure 1; a

Figure 6 is an elevation showing the double control member;

Figure 7 is a sectional view similar to that of Figure 3 and illustrating a modification of construction permitting use of the device as a water heater.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, the numeral 10 generally designates a furnace body casting having the usual ash pit 11, fire box 12 separated from the ash pit by a grate 13 and a combustion chamber 14:. v the upperv end of which has a central depressed portion 15, at present shown as in the form of a concavity produced in the head 16 of the casting. The casting is reduced in size at the rate line, thus producing a downwardly facing shoulder 17 this reduction producing the usual downward taper of the lower end of the'fire box. The fire box 12 is provided with the usual feed opening 18 and the ash pit 11 withthe usual clean-out opening 19. I

The wall of the depressed portion 15 has form-ed therein a circumferential series of L openings 20, at present shown as siX in number and from these openings, tubes 21 extend downwardly and outwardly through the comcasting, so that the tube merely forms a rib on the inside of the wall 22. Each tube terminates at and opens downwardly through the shoulder 17, as indicated at 23.

The rear portion of the furnace wall 22 at its upper end has an outlet 24 for flue gases and at its sides has a pair of outlets 25 for such gases. The outlet 24 communicates with a main flue 26 which may discharge to the atmosphere through any suitable outlet connection and that while the outlets 25 communicate with :tiues 27, the ends of which combine in a single flue 28 opening into the main flue 26. At the junction of the --main flue and the flue'tube 28, a damper 29 is provided for either closing the outlet opening 24- or closing communication between the main flue 26 and the tube 28.

Each'of the fiues 27 and the flue tube into which these fiuesmerge have as their wall the vouter wall of the furnace. It has been previously noted that each of the tubes 21 has its outer wall for the lower portion of prodded with re nt folds lave upwarc its length formed by the outer wall of the furnace. The flues 27 are each sinusoidal embodying parallel runs extending longitudinally of and in alignment with certain of the tubes 21, so that the portion of t 1e furnace wall 22 lying between these tubes is common to the tubes and forms the inner wall of one tube and the outer wall of the other at these parallel runs. While the runs 30 have been referred to as parallel, it will, of course, be understood that this term is'merely relative, and the parallelism of the runs 30 will depend. upon parallelism of those portions of the tubes 80 which have as their outer wall the outer wall of the furnace.

It will be obvious that afluid medium to be heated, upon. entering the tubes will pass upwardly therethrough, due to the circulative effects produced by heating thereof; The major heat transfer between this fluid medium and the heated gases withinthe furnace will, of course, occur in the combustion chamber 14;, particularly when the damper 29 is so arranged that flue gases may pass through the openin 241. Vwhen, however, the damper 29 closes the opening 24, gases passing through the openings 25, flue tubes 27'. and 28 to the main flue 26 will provide ad ditional heating of the lower ends of the tubes 21, thereby materiallv increasing the heat transfer at such ends. Under these circumstances, a very. rapid circulation of the fluid medium through the tubes 21 will take place without regard as to whether this fluid is water or air. 7

7 It will, of course, be obvious that in event the medium to be heated is water, a suitable jacket must be applied directly to the furnace and in event the medium to be heated is air, a jacket must surround this furnace.

For the purpose of illustration, I have shown the heater as of the air heating type and as surrounded by. a jacket 31 which is spaced from-the outer wall ofthe furnace and which is l-o'uvered adjacent its lower end, as at 32, to admit air thereto. The upper end of this casing is at present shown in the form of a'cloine apertured for the circulation of air therethrough. The side and rear walls of the casingin addition to the louvers 32 are vely large air intake a ll'lli'lliOld 35 being secured to -iner face of the jaclret'wall about the edges of the inlet openii. These niani v and wardly directed nozzles 36, the innerends of ich have outlet openings of less diameter than the diameter of the tubes 21 arranged in slightly spaced relationto the lower ends 23 of these tubes.

willbe obvious that with the rapid circulation provided throughthe'. tubes 21, a very .iderabl'e' suction effect will be exerted through these nozzles, causing freshair to be'drawn from the'nozales inthe form of a jet directed lllll()tl'i8 lower end of-the tube.

By closing the space between the bottom of the furnace and the jacket, as indicated at 37, this air will be drawn from the upper portion of this space, with the result that this additional air drawn into the tubes is already, partially heated and is superheated in the tubes. Such an arrangement will heat the fluid medium extremely rapidly and provision is accordingly made for controlling the circulation through the tubes. This means is at present illustrated as a, pair-of pivoted segmental dampers 38 having. a con trol associatedtherewith,as indicated at 89. The dampers 38, when in closed position, engage the upper wall 16 of "the furnace casting about the edges of the depression 15 and thus effectually seal the upper ends of the tubes 21. In the construction of the fun nace, provision should be made for cleaning soot collections from the flue tubes 27, these means being at present disclosed as clean-out doors 40 arranged in the connections between the lower ends of parallel runs 30.

It will be obvious fr-omthe foregoing that a furnace constructed inaccordance with my inve; ion maybe readily and cheaplypro duced and will provide a highly efficient means for 'circulatinga fluid medium to be heated and for utilizing the heat of the flue ases.

lit will also be obvious that the construction hereinbefore set forth is capable-of a certain range of change and modification without materially departing from the spirit of the invention and I accordingly do not limit myself thereto except as hereinafter claimed.

I claim 1. In a furnace having the usual wall, fluid conducting tubes disposed .interiorly'of the furnace andhaving their upper ends opening through the top and their lower ends through the lower part'thereof, each of said tubes having as the outer wall thereof for at least a portion of its length'formed by the furnace wall, and fines arranged exteriorly to said wall and having as their inner walls the outer wall of'the furnace, said flues having portions aligning with said tubes and substantially coextensive with the portions of the'tubes which have their outer walls formed by the furnace wall.

2. The combination with a furnace having the usual wall, an interiorly disposed tube and an exterior'ly disposed line, said flue and tube 'eachha'ving portions of the wall thereof common to the wall of the other and apertion of the furnace wall, saidtube opening at one end through the top and at the 'other through'the 'lowerpart of the furnace, said flue having one end thereof in counnunication with the interior of the furnace.

3. In combination with a furnace including the usual fire box and combustion chamber, a side wall common to the fire box and combustion chamber and an upper wall for the combustion chamber, fluid conducting tubes disposed interiorly of the furnace and opening at their upper ends through said upper wall and at their lower ends through the side wall, said tubes for aportion of their length extending along said side wall and at said portions having as their outer walls the side wall of the furnace.

4. In combination with a. furnace including the usual fire box and combustion chamber, a side wall common to the fire box and combustion chamber and an upper wall for the combustion chamber, fluid conducting tubes disposed interiorly of the furnace and opening at their upper ends through said upper Wall and at their lower ends through the side wall, said tubes for a portion of their length extending along said side wall and at said portions having as their outer walls the side wall of the furnace, and dampers controlling circulation through said tubes.

5. In combination with a furnace including the usual fire box and combustion chamber, a side wall common to the the box and combustion chamber and an upper wall for the combustion chamber, fluid conducting tubes disposed interiorly of the furnace and opening at their upper ends through said upper wall and at their lower ends through the side wall, said tubes for a portion of their length extending along said side wall and at said portions having as their outer walls the side wall of the furnace, and out-let flues communicating at one end with the combus tion chamber and at the opposite ends with a main flue, said outlet flues each having as their inner walls the side wall of the furnace, the inner walls of said outlet flues coinciding with and extending longitudinally of the tubes at the portions of said tubes which have their outer walls formed by the furnace wall.

6. In combination with a furnace including the usual fire box and combustion chamber, a side wall common to the fire box and combustion chamber and an upper wall for the combustion chamber, fluid conducting tubes disposed interiorly of the furnace and opening at their upper ends through said upper wall and at their lower ends through the side wall, said tubes for a portion of their length extending along said side wall and at said portions having as their outer walls the side wall of the furnace, outlet flues communicating at one end with the combustion chamber and at the opposite ends with a main fiue, said outlet fines each having as their inner walls the side wall of the furnace, the inner walls of said outlet flues coinciding with and extending longitudinally of the tubes at the portions of said tubes which have their outer walls formed by the furnace wall, said main flue likewise communicating with the combustion chamber, and means for controlling said flues and main flue to deter mine the proportions of the products of combustion passing therethrough.

7. A furnace having the usual wall and having associated therewith an interiorly disposed tube the ends of which open through said wall, and an exteriorly disposed flue cominuni *ating at one end with the interior of the furnace, portions of said furnace wall being common to both the tube and flue.

8. In a furnace and in combination a furnace wall, a casing thereabout, a fluid conducting tube disposed interiorly of the furnace and opening through the furnace wall at vertically spaced points, and means for introducing a medium to be heated through the casing wall to the lower end of said tube combining with the lower end of the tube'to produce an injector.

9. In a furnace having the usual wall, fluid conductin tubes dis osed interiorl of the furnace and having their ends opening through the wall at vertically spaced points, each of said tubes having'as the outerwall thereof for at least a portion of its length formed by the furnace wall, fiues arranged exteriorly to said wall having as their inner walls the outer wall of the furnace, said flues having portions aligning with said tubes and substantially coextensive with the portions of the tubes which have their outer walls formed by the furnace wall, a main flue with which the first named flues communicate, and damper means for directing the products of combustion from the furnace through said fines or through said main flue.

10. The combination with a furnace hav- .ing the usual wall, an interiorly disposed tube and an exteriorly disposed flue, said flue and tube each'having portions of the wall thereof common to the wall of the other and a portion of the furnace wall, said tube opening at its opposite ends through the furnace wall at vertically spaced points, said flue having one end thereof in communication with the interior of the furnace, a second flue communicating with the first named flue and with the furnace, and means for directing the products of combustion through said second flue or to said second flue to the first named flue.

11. In a furnace and in combination a furnace wall, a casing thereabout and in spaced relation thereto, vertically extending fluid conducting tubes disposed interiorly of the furnace and opening at their ends through the furnace wall, and manifolds carried by said casing communicating with the exterior of the casing and having nozzles confronting the lower ends of said' tubes in spaced relation thereto.

12. Ina furnace and in combination a furnace Wall, a casing thereabout and in spaced relation thereto, vertically extending fluid conducting tubes disposed interiorly of the furnace and opening at their ends through the furnace wall, manifolds carried by said casing communicating with the exterior of the casing and having nozzles confronting the lower ends of said tubes in spaced relation thereto, and damper means controlling circulation of a medium to be heated through saidtubes.

13. The combination With a furnace having the usual wall, a plurality of interiorly disposed vertically extending fluid conducting tubes opening at their opposite ends through said wail, an eXteriorly disposed "sinuous'flue having portions thereof each confronting a tube, the furnace Wall constituting a division wall between the tubes and 14. The combination with a furnace havmg the usual Wall, a plurality of interiorly disposed vertically extending fluid conducting tubes opening at their opposite ends through said wall, an exteriorly disposed sinuous flue having portions thereof each confronting a tube, the furnace Wall constituting a division wall between the tubes and the flue, a casing surrounding said furnace, a manifold carried by the casing and communicating with the exterior thereof, and

' signature.

nozzles carried by said manifold and confronting the lower ends of the tubes in spaced relation thereto.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my HOWARD W. Wear.

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