US1758608A - Permutation lock - Google Patents

Description

May 13, 1930. v. T. JULIN P-ERMUTATION LOCK Filed may 3, 1929 Figs Patented May 13, 1930 VICTOR'TEODOR JULN, OF DJURSI-IOLM-DANDERYD, SWEDEN PERMITTATION LOCK `Alflplication. filed May i3, '1929, Serial No. 360,235, and in Austria November 9, `1921*?.

The invention relates to permutation locks and particularly to that type thereof, in which the bolt co-acts with rotary discs allowing the retraction of the bolt only, when these discs occupy a certain predetermined position... y y, y.

Themain object ofthe invention is to increase the 'safety of such locks and another one is to reduce thecosts of manufacture.

This. is according to the invention realized by connecting to one of the setting discs, which fits accurately into the correspondingrecess of the bolt, a cover, which, when this disc engages with the respective bolt recess, obstructs the access to the other -discs engag-v ing with their corresponding bolt recesses s0 that there is a clearance.

In the drawing-by way of example as' one embodiment of the invention a padlock is illustrated.

Fig. 1 shows a sectional elevation,

Fig. 2 a horizontal sectional view according to the line lle-II of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 a horizontal sectional view according to the line III- III of Fig. 1 and Fig. 4 is a side-view (elevation).

The cylindrical casing 1 is formed with tubeslikeguides 2 for receiving the legs of a shackle 3, said casing supporting an axle 4, on which the discs 5, 6 and 7 are rotatably mounted. These discs engage with recesses 8, 9, provided on each leg of the shackle and have arc-shaped notches (sweeps) 11 cut in their peripheries at diametrically opposed circumferential points thereof. Each of the two discs 5 and 7 bears a small handle 12 extending through a slot or window 13 of the casing so, that its endv can be moved along a scale 14. The disc 6 is connected to a cover 17 by means of an extension 16 projecting through a slot 15 of the casing.

For ensuring the effect aimed Vat by the present invention it is essential that the disc 6 lits exactly into the recesses 9, whilst the other discs 5 and 7 ought to be allowed to move within their recesses 8 and 10 with a clearance.

For explaining the manner, how this arrangement operates, it may first of all be assumed, that only the two discs 5 and 7 moving with a clearance in their shackle leg recesses are existing. The movability is due to the fact, that in the manufacturing operations-accuracy cannotbe pushed so far that two or several discs fit simultaneously V` with full exactness into the shackle leg recesse's. Consequently, if the shackle b is pushed toward the casing or pulled away from it, .onlyone disc will come to touch the lateral walll or sid-e of one of the shackle leg recesses 8 or 10 so as to cause strong friction thereon, as the accuracy of manufacturing cannot go so far, that the distance rz between the upper surfaces'of the discs is perfectly equal to the distanceV br between the sides of the recesses and that the distance @between the lower surfaces of these two discs be exactly equal to the distance cl. ln practice, particularly when wholesale manufacture by series is concerned, these distances will al 70 ways differ for some fraction Vof a millimeter, owing to which inexactness, when the shackle and casing are pus-hed towards-each other or pulled in opposite directions, only'the one of the discs will abut by strong friction against one of the sides-'of the respective re cess, whilst the other discs may be turned moreor less withoutofe'ring any substanf n tial resistance. If now the disc subjected to strong friction is turned while continuing to "303 push or pull the casing and the shackle, the p friction resistance will remain effective. fBut as soon as the cuts. (sweeps) 11 of the disc will coincidewith the recesses of the shackle A legs, the 'friction' resistance will -suddenly 851 cease. Consequentlyby the resistance to'be felt during. the rotation to be effected in the i said manner kthe right position of this disc, that is to say the oneallowing the shackle` to pass, can be foundout. lf now the discy is allowed to remain'inthis position and cas` ing and shackle are again pushed or vpulled in the described manner, the other disc will touch `one side wall of its corresponding 95 shackle leg recesses so as t0 cause strong. friction thereonand by turning now this second disc it may also be brought into such position as to allowrthe shackle to be pulled out. Consequently the locky can beV opened without 1.00

other discs 5 and 7 show a certain clearance, Y the latter can only be brought'to friction engagement with the sides of their respective leg recesses, when the exactly fitting disc is in its open position, that is to say the position allowing the shackle legs to pass. For the purpose of preventing such possibility a cover f 17 is connected tothe disc (i, which cover obstructs the access to the handles 12 and covers the scales belonging to them, as long as the disc 6 is in the said open position.

If the lock is to be opened, first of all the cover 17 has to be shifted aside, whereby the cuts l1 of the disc comeout of engagement with the recesses9 of the shackle legs. Now the discs 5 and 7 are by means of the handles 12 and by the aidof the scales lll turned into the opening position and finally the cover 17- is turned back into its open position. NOW the sweeps of all the discs are coinciding with the recesses of the shackle legs and the latter can be withdrawn from the padlock.

The disc 6 may also be included in the permutation system, for which purpose the cover 17 connected to it may be provided with an indicator (pointer) 18 bearing upon a` scale 19, which is to be of such dimensions and arranged so, that at all positions o f the disc 6, which are possible, the access to the other discs is shut off by the. cover 17.

As with a lock according to the invention the movability of the discs 5 and 7 does not cause any irregularity of their working, the

clearance between these discs and their respective shackle recesses may be made rela tively large. If at the same time the'lower edge of the slots or windows 13 is made. sinuous (wave like) so, that the depressions be-A tween two waves coincide with the divisions,

`of the scale, the wave crests will, when the discs are turned by means of the handles 12, offer a resistance, the overcoming of which may be felt as well as heard, whereby the possibility is given of handling` the lock also in the Vnight time without light.

What I claim is 1 `A permutation lock comprising rotary discs with cuts, and a shackle having recesses in its legs for engaging said discs, of which lonly one fits exactly into its respective leg re i having recesses therein, a setting disc exactly fitting into its shackle recesses and provided With a cover. several discs movable with a clearance within their shackle recesses and provided with projections, which pass through openings of the casing, and a scale for setting the vdiscs by means of their projections, the lower edges of said openings having wave like form and the depressions of the waves thereof coinciding with the divisions of the scale.` l Y 3. A permutation lock comprising discs with cuts, and a shackle with recesses in itsV legs for engagement with said discs, of which only one fits exactly into its respective leg recess, whilst the others are movable within their recesses with aclearance, the accurately tting tumbler being provided with a cover, which obstructs the access to the discsmovable with clearance, when the fitting disc is placed in its open positionand is provided with an indicator bearing upon a scale. i

In testimony Vwhereof I have signed my name to this specification.

VICTOR TEODOR JULIN.

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