US1752804A - Loom - Google Patents

Description

April 1, 1930. w. NICOLET 1,752,804

LOOM

Filed Aug. 15, 1927 6 Sheets-Sheet 2' Apl il 1, 1930. w. NICOLET 1,752,304

LOOM

Filed Aug. 15, 1927 65heets-Sheet 5 Fig.5.

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LOOM

Filed Aug. 15, 1927 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 1 21 Van/0r:

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LOOM

Filed Aug. 15, 192 6 Sheets-Sheet I J1 V4922 602":

WaJfer/Vfcolei Patented Apr. 1, 1930 WALTER NICOLET, OF LEIPZIG, GERMANY LOOK Application filed August 15, 1927, Serial No.

My invention refers to the art of weaving and more especiall to the method and means for producing a abric disclosed in my. copending application for patent of the United States Serial No. 73,718, according to which two groups of warp threads are moved alternately in such manner that two sheds are formed in each alternate operation, one ,to the rear of the other, a weft thread being passed through each shed either simultaneously or in quick succession, whereupon first the front and thereafter the rear weft is cast on. In the loom described in the prior application for the carrying out of the new method, a separate comb is provided for each group of warp threads, the two combs being arranged one to the rearof the other and their teeth being directed towards each other. The two groups of warp threads are so guid ed that they diverge from the finished fabric towards the warp beams, whereby an angle is formed between the threads of the two groups, this angle forming one shed, the other being formed bymoving the two combs in opposite directions so as to effect the crossing of the two groups of warp threads, whereby the apex of the angle enclosed between the two groups of threads is shifted from the edge of the finished fabric to the rear of the combs and in the direction towards the warp beams. I

In the practice of my method as above described I prefer providing the combs with needles and needle bars of the kind known in the art of knitting. If one or both needle bars are moved, the warp threads guided by one row of needles will enter the spaces be tween the needles of the other needle bar. -The closer together the needles are arranged in a bar, the greater will be the difliculty of introducing the threads guided by the other row of needles in the spaces between the needles of the first-mentioned bar and the greater will be the probability that a thread is entered in the wrong place. This is particularly likely in the case where in order to produce a particularly dense labrlc each needle bar has mounted thereon a plurality of rows of needles arranged one behind the other.

The present invention has particular ref- 213,035, and in Germany August 16, 1926.

ercnce to looms in which each comb has a pluof needles forming part of a comb are shifted relative toeach other in opposite directions,

the bars of one group in longitudinal, the

bars of the other group in transverse direction, before effecting the crossing of the two groups of warp threads, so that the spaces between the threads guided by these needles are alternately widened and narrowed.

In the drawings afiixed to this specification and forming part thereof the new method according to my invention and the respective parts-of a loom for carrying this method into effect are illustrated diagrammatically by way of example.

In the drawings I v Figs. 1, 3, 5, and 7 are side elevations,

Figs. 2, 4, 6, and 8 are plan views of the two groups of warp threads and the needle bars and needles guiding same, the threads and needles being shown in four different positions in order to clearly illustrate the new process.

Fig. 9 is a side elevation, and

Fig. 10 is a front elevation of the mechanism adapted to control the operation of the needles and threads in accordance with this invention.

Referring first to Figs. 1-8, 3, 3 are the warp threads of one group and 4, 4 are the warp threads of the other group. '5, 5 are the needle bars belonging to group 3 and 6*, 6" are the needle bars belonging to group 4 of Warp threads. On each needle bar is carried a row of needles 5* 5 5 5% and 6" 6" 6%, 6",, respectively. As shown in the drawings, the even needles are designated by the afiix a, or b the odd needles by the aflix or If the needle bars are moved apart, as shown for instance in Fig. 1, the warp threads 3 and 4 diverge from the fabric 8 in the direction towards warp beam 1.

The needle bars 5 and 5" can' move parallel to each other and in opposite longitudinal directions, as shown for instance in Fig. 4, while the needle bars 6, 6" can he moved transversely and in opposite directions, as shown for instance in Fig. 3. The distance between two adjoining needles on each bar is large enough to allow three warp threads to be readily accommodated between them. The two needle bars forming part of eachcomb are mounted in close juxtaposition in such manner that in the position of rest the warp threads 3 alternate regularly with the warp threads 4, all the threads, if viewed from above, extending in parallel (Figs. 2 and 8). If with the needle bars in this position the two groups of threads were crossed by imparting an up and down movement in opposite directions to the needle bars 5", 5 relative to the bars 6*, 6 the close juxtaposition of the threads shown in Figs. 2 and 8 would involve the danger of some of the threads entering wrong spaces of theother bars. In order to prevent this from arising, the warp threads guided by the needles on bar 6 are first inserted between the needles and threads on the bars 5 and 5", and only thereafter the threads guided by the needles on bar 6 are thus in-' serted. In order to effect this previous to the insertion on the warp threads 4 the needle bars ,5 and 5" have imparted to them a longi-.

tudinal movement in opposite directions in such manner that the warp threads guided in these needles on the one hand and in the needles mounted on the bars 6 and 6", are united in two groups leaving wider spaces between them, in which the threads guided by the vertically moved bars 6 and 6 respectively are isolated.

Fi l illustrates the position of rest, from whic the two needle bars 5" and 5 are first .moved in the direction towards needle bars 6", 6, until the eyes of the needles are substantially in line with the fabric 8. During this movement the bars 5, 5 are at the same time imparted a longitudinal movement in opposite directions, this movement extending over one quarter of the needle division, whereby the needles on the bars 5", 5 and 6 are aproximately aligned in such manner that for.

mstance their needles 5' 5",, and 6" are substantially positioned in a straight line. In

consequence of this displacement, as shown in Fig.4, groups of-three warp threads, 3%, 4

3", are drawn towards each other on the level of the respective needles positioned in one plane, while betiween two adjoining groupsof such threads a single warp thread, for 1nstance 4' 4 and soon is isolated, so that the movement of the needle bar 6 towards the needle bars 5',-'5-iwill cause-this isolated warp thread to be correctly inserted in the spaces between needles 5'3,- 5' and 15" ,-5 respectively, the other warp threads being united into groups and being thus moved out of the way. After this has been effected, the needle bars 5, 5 are once more shifted in the longitudinal direction, however in the'opposite direction, the dis lacement of each bar extending one half 0 a needle division, so that the needles on the bars 5, 5 are carried onto a I level with thc needles on the bar 6". In consequence of this displacement, however, other -warp threads, for instance 3%, 4%, 3%, are

being hampered in their movement by the otherwarp threads united into groups.

After this has been efl'ected the needle bars 5, 5 are again returned into their original position, so that'in looking onto the warp threads from above they will be found toextend in parallel, as shown in Fig. 8. In this position of the threads the needle bars 5, 5" and 6, 6 are 'ointly moved towards each other, thereby ringing the crossing movement to a finish (Fig. 7). In order to avoid the output of the loom being impaired by the shifting of the needle bars 5, 5 in opposite longitudinal directions, I prefer effecting this shifting simultaneously withthe shifting of the bars 5, 5 relative to the bars 6, 6 The returning of the needle bars into their origin.- al position (Fig. 1 is effected in the usual manner and at the same time without any interruption or relative displacement.

In Figs. 9 and 10 the mechanism for operat-ing the needle bars is disclosed. The bars 5. and 5" are each fixed to a guide bar 101, 101", respectively, which are supported in arallel uxtaposition in bearings 102 formmg part of a rail 103 for'longitudinal displacement, being howeversecured against cir cumferential movement. The rail 103 is mounted on the upper arms of two angle levers 104 pivoted at 120 to the machine bed 81, the lower arms engaging by means of rollers a cam disc 105 mounted on the eccentric shaft 30 and arranged to lift and lower the angle levers 104 and theneedle- bars 5 and 5 fixed thereto. The ends of the'bars 101 and 101" roject from one side of the machine bed and ave discs 106", 106 mounted thereon. Springs 107 serve for holding the bars 101,

101 in the projecting position. The end faces v the machine bed at 110 and engaging cam , discs 114, 115, mounted on the eccentric shaft- 30 so as to be lifted and lowered as required in theoperation above described. 1

The position of the several arts illustrated in Figs. 9 and 10 corresponds to the phase of the operation illustrated in-Figs. 3 and 4.

I wish it to be understood, that I do not desire to be limited to the exact details of construction and operation shown and described for obvious modifications will occur to a person skilled in the art.

I claim 1. A loom comprising a row of needles for positively guiding one group of warp threads, two cooperating rows of needles for positively guiding the other group of warp threads, means for moving the needles guiding one group in the longitudinal direction of the needles towards and away from the needles guiding the other group and means for imparting to said cooperatin rows'of needles alternating substantially orizontal movements relative to each other in opposite directions at right angles to the threads, the distances which any one group of needles moves away from the needles of the other group, being less than the distance between contiguous needles.

7 2. A loom comprising two rows of needles dles of the other group, beingless than the distance between contiguous needles.

4. A loom comprising means for holding.

two groups of warp threads at an angle to one anothen, two rows of needles for positively guiding one group, two cooperating rows of needles for positively guiding the other group of threads, means for moving the needles guiding one group in the longitudinal direction of the needles towards and away from the needles guiding the other group and means for imparting to said cooperating rows of needles alternating substantially horizontal movements relative to each other in opposite directions at right angles to the threads, the distances whichany one group of needles moves away from the needles of the other group, being less than the;distance between contiguous needles.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

' WALTER NIOOLET.

for positively'guiding one group of warp threads, two,cooperating rowspf needles for positively guiding the other group of warp threads, means for moving the needles guidingone group in the longitudinal direction of the needles towards and away from the needles guiding the other group and means for imparting to said cooperating rows of needles alternating substantially horizontal movements relative to each other in opposite di "rections at right angles to the threads, the

distances which any one moves away from the nee les of the other group, being less than the distance between contiguous needles.

3. A loom comprising two rows of needles for positively guiding one group of warp threads two cooperating rows of needles for positively guiding the other group of warp threads, means for moving the needles guiding one group in the longitudinal direction of the needles towards and away from the needles guiding theother oup and means for simultaneously impartmg to, said cooperating rows of needles alternating substantially horizontal movements relative to each other in opposite directions at ri ht angles to the threads, the distances whic any one group of needles moves away from the neegroup of needles

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