US1750146A - Fluid-operated pump - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS.

James 14. Wray v WWW! March 11, 1930. J, A. WRAY 1,750,146

FLUID OPERATED PUMP Filed Dec. 28, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN V EN TOR. James/4. Wray BY WhZM fihwt A TTORNEYS.

Patented Mar. 11, 1930 JAMES A. WBAY, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA I'LUID OPEBATED rm Application filed December 2a, 1926. Serial No. 157,456.

This invention relates to a pump adapted for deep wells, and pertains more particularly, to an insertable pump that is, a pump in combination with oil tubing which may 8 be inserted within the well casing as a unit.

The present invention appertains to a pump of the fluid transmission type wherein, a motive fluid such as a gas is employed to operate a pump located below the surface of the ground, the discharged motive fluid being mingled with the liquid being pumped so as to avoid a multiplicity of conduits within the well casing. As is well known, drilled wells are of comparatively small diameter and in order to provide for a comparatively large pump capacity, the flow area through the casing must be reduced as little as possible by pipes, tubing, rods and the like occupying space the length of the casing.

The primary object of this invention is to provide a pump of the fluid transmission type which employs a flow line for liquid being pumped and a passage for the motive fluid.

Another object of this invention is to revide a pump of the character described aving a large pumping capacity and which is capable of acting against high pressures. In addition to the broader objects of this invention, there are certain details of design and structure whereby a simple, durable, and economical pump is obtained, one which may be easily installed, removed and will operate efliciently.

These objects together with other objects and corresponding accomplishments are ob tained by means of the embodiment of my invention illustrated in the accompanying drawing,in which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section through the cas ing and shell of the pump, portions thereof bemg broken out to make the view more compact; Fig. 2 is a section as seen upon the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a vertical section showing the lower portion of the pump, it being a fragment which is to be combined with Fig. 2 as indicated by the line joining Figs. 2 and 3; Figs. 4 to 8 inclusive, are sections as seen upon the lines correspondingly numbered in Flg. 1.

Referring more particularly to the drawing, a well casing of the usual ty e is indicated by 10. Depending from t e surface and disposed within the well casing is a string of casing indicated by 11. There is a suitable head at the top not shown to provide for a closed annular chamber between the casing 10 and the string 11 to form a chamber for motive fluid. In the present instance, the pump is designed to use gas such as natural gas, and the annular chamber is hereinafter referred to as a gas chamber. The lower end of the string 11 is secured to a centering member 12.

This centering member is of ring form, having a threaded socket at the top to receive the lower end of the string 11 and being externally threaded at the bottom for attachment of a shell 13. The centering member is ribbed as best shown in Fig. 4 so as to provide for communication of the annular gas chamber above it and an annular chamber between the shell and casing below it, hereinafter termed the motive fluid inlet chamber. Attached to the lower end of the shell is another centering member 14 to which a pipe 15 is connected. Threaded to the lower end of the pipe 15 is a coupling member 16 having suitable packing 17 so as to close the space between the casing 10 and the pipe 15 thereby closing the lower end of the gas inlet chamber. At the lower end of the fitting 16 is a pipe 18 which extends into the oil or liquid to be raised. Within this pipe is a packing bearing 19 to slidably receive the tail pipe of the pump; pipe 18 being perforated as indicated by 20 between this and the packer 16. A pump cylinder 21 is secured in position within the shell 13 by means of guide strips 22 spaced about its periphery. There are-two motor pistons within the cylinder the upper being double acting. Motive fluid must be taken in and exhausted from the opposite sides thereof. A slide packing 23 is mounted within the cylinder 21 intermediate its ends and forms the dividing head between two motor cylinder chambers formed thereby and later described. Exhaust ports 24 are provided in the cylinder adjacent the upper end and intake ports 25 below the exhaust ports. In registration with the intake ports 25 are )orts 26 formed in the shell 13. Above the head 23 and formed in the cylinder 21 are provided with corresponding intake and exhaust ports; there being, however, no inlet port for the upper side of the lower piston. As these ports are controlled by the valves in the same manner as those just described,

the details of the lower ports will not be de scribed.

Mounted within the tubing 11, is pump tubing 30; connected to the pump tubing is a piston 31 forming a cage for a ball valve 32 and also providing a piston which has suitable acking rings. This piston is arranged to e reciprocated within the motor cylinder 21. At the upper end of the cylinder is a suitable head 33 provided with packing. At the lower end is a similar head 34, and mounted upon the pump tubing is another piston 35. The arrangement is such that the pump tubing with its pistons may be reciprocated, thereby causing oil to be pumped by reason of the valve 32. Suitable standing valves may be included. A tappet collar 36 is secured to the pump tubing above the motor cylinder and a similar tappet collar 37 below the motor cylinder.

Slidably mounted upon the pump tubing is a ring 38. This ring has extensions to which are secured oppositely disposed similar slide valves 39, snugly and slidably fitting between the cylinder 21, the shell 13 and the guide strips 22. At the lower end of the shell is a ring 40 similar to ring 38 and to which the lower ends of the valves are connected. Considering the upper portion of the motor cylinder, there is an intake port 41 extending through a valve and arranged to be registered with intake ports 25 and 26 in the motor cylinder and shell respectively. In the valve and below the piston 31 is an intake port 42 extending through the valve and arranged to be registered with intake ports 27 and 28. There is an exhaust port 43 in the valve for registration with the exhaust port 24. This exhaust port 0 ens laterally through the valve to the ex aust chamber formed between the shell 13 and the motor cylinder 21. Below the piston 31 and in the valve in a similar exhaust port 44 arranged for registration with the exhaust port 29. Each valve has similar orts for registration with the ports in the ower portion of the motor cylinder to control the reciprocation of piston 35. In the side of valves 39 are sets of notches 45 and 46, each set arranged to receive a detent 47 pivotally mounted upon the shell 13. Each detent is actuated by a compression spring 48 tending to force the knuckle of the detent into a notch. In one position of a' valve, that is, with the detent resting in notch 46, the arts are ositioned as shown best in Fig. 2. his wil provide for the passage of inlet gas below piston 31 by way of ports 28, 42 and 27. Motive fluid will also be admitted below piston 35. This will create a pressure tending to raise the pump tubing and the column of liquid contained therein. The s ace above piston 31 is connected to the ex aust chambers through ports 24 and 43. The gas passing downwardly be,- tween the barrel 21 and the shell 13 and into the space between tubing 30 and 15. In order to change the valve position at the end of the upstroke, I have provided spring actuated abutments. Connected to the ring 38 and encircling the pump tubing is a compression s ring 50. The compression spring is secure to the ring 38 by means of hooks and secured to the u per end thereof is a collar 51. In the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the compression spring 50 is partially compressed. Attached to the lower ring 40 is a compression sprin 52 secured to a collar 53. At the upper en of the pump stroke, collar 37 on the pump tubing engages the collar 53 and compresses spring 52 storing energy therein and tending to force the ring upwardly, but the ring and the valves 39 are detained by the detents 47. When the C0111- pression in spring 52 is sufiicient, the detents 47 are forced out of their notches 46 and spring 52 move the valves and rings upward- 1y, until the knuckles of the detents engage in notches 45. The ports are then arranged so that the portion of the motor cylinder above piston 31 is in communication with the intake chamber and the portion below piston 31 is in communication with the exhaust chamber. The same relation obtains for the lower iston. The pump tubing is then moved downwardly. The exhaust gases move downwardly and act upon the oil in the lower portion of the well asslsting in pumping and eventually mingling therewith passing upwardly and out through the pump'fiow line.

What I claim is:

1. In combination with a well casing, a fluid motor for a pump comprising a shell mounted within said casmg and spaced therefrom to form an annular motive fluid inlet space, a motor cylinder disposed within said shell and spaced therefrom to form therewith an annular motive fluid exhaust space, there bein intake ports in said shell and said cylin er disposed in registration, there bein exhaust ports in said cylinder, valves slida ly mounted in said exhaust space for controlling said intake ports, said valves havin intake ports for registration with the intake ports in said shell and cylinder and exhaust ports in said valve having peripheral communication with said exhaust space, a reciprocable operating rod within said cylinder, motor istons secured to said operating rod for reciprocation in said cylinder, said valves being slidably mounted on said operating rod, and tappet means on said rod to engage and move said valves.

2. In combination with a well casin a fluid motor for a pump comprising a siell mounted within said casing and spaced therefrom to form an annular motive fluid inlet s ace, a motor cylinder disposed within said s ell and spaced therefrom to form therewith an annular motive fluid exhaust space, there being intake ports in said shell and said cylinder disposed in registration, there bein exhaust ports in said cylinder, valves slida 1y mounted in said exhaust space for controlling said intake ports, said valves having intake ports for registration withthe intake ports in said shell and cylinder and exhaust ports in said valves having peripheral communication with said exhaust space, a reciprocable operatin rod in said cylinder, motor pistons on sai operating rod and mounted for reciprocation in said cylinder, said valves being slidably mounted on said operating member, tappet means on said operating rod to en age and move said valves, and resilient etent means to detain the movement of said valves.

3. In combination with a well casin a fluid motor for a pump comprisin a s ell mounted within said casing and spaced therefrom to forma motive fluid inlet space, a motor cylinder disposed Within said shell and spaced therefrom to form therein a motive fluid exhaust space, there being intake ports in said shell and said cylinder disposed in registration, there being exhaust ports in said cylinder, a valve slidably mounted in said exhaust space, said valve having an intake port for registration with the intake ports in said shell and cylinder and an exhaust port in said valve having peripheral communication with said exhaust space, a reciprocable operating rod in said cylinder, a piston on said rod, said valve being slidably mounted on said rod, and tappet means on said rod to engage and move said valve.

4. In combination with a well casing, a fluid motor for a pump comprising a shell mounted within said casing and spaced therefrom to form a motive fluid inlet space,

a motor cylinder disposed within said valve and spaced therefrom to form therewith a motive fluid exhaust space, there being intake ports in said shell and said cylinder disposed in registration, there being exhaust ports in said cylinder, a valve slidably mounted in said exhaust space, said valve having intake ports for registration with the intake ports in said shell and cylinder and an exhaust port in said valve having peripheral communication with said exhaust space, a reciprocable operating rod in said cylinder, a piston on said rod, said valve being slidably mounted on said rod,tappet means on said rod to engage and move said valve at the end of its travel.

5. In combination with a well casin a fluidmotor for a ump comprising a s ell mounted within sai casing and spaced therefrom to form an annular motive fluid inlet space, a motor 0 linder disposed within said shell and space therefrom, to form therewith an annular motive fluid exhaust space in communication with the surface of the liquid to be pumped, there being intake ports in said shell and said cylinder disposed in registration, there being exhaust ports in said cy inder, cylindrical segments extending between said shell and cylinder and forming valves slidable in said exhaust space, said valves having intake ports for registration with the intake ports in said shell and cylinder and exhaust ports in said valve having lateral communication with said exhaust space, a reciprocable operating rod in said cylinder, pistons on said rod, said valves being slidably mounted on said rod, compression spring abutments at the ends of said valves, tappet means on said rod to engage said abutments and move said valves.

6. In combination with a well casing, a fluid motor for a pump comprising a shell mounted within said casing and spaced therefrom to form an annular motive fluid inlet space, a motor cylinder disposed within said shell and spaced therefrom to form therewith an annular motive fluid exhaust space in communication with the surface of the liquid to be pumped, there bein intake ports in said shell and said cylinder isposed in registration, there being exhaust ports in said cylinder, cylindrical segments extending between said shell and cylinder, and forming valves slidably mounted in said exhaust space, said valveshavin intake ports for registration with the inta e ports of said shell and cylinder and exhaust ports in said valve having communication with said exhaust space, a reciprocable operating rod in said cylinder, a piston on said rod, said valves being slidably mounted on said rod, compression spring abutments at the ends of said valves, tappet means on said rod to engage said abutments and move said valves, and resilient detention means to detain the movement of said valves.

7. In combination with a well casing a fluid motor for a pump comprising a shell mounted within said casing and spaced therefrom to form an annular motive fluid inlet space, a motor cylinder disposed within said shell, and spaced therefrom to form therewith an annular motive fluid exhaust space in communication with the surface of the liquid to be pumped, there being intake orts in said shell and said cylinder dispose in registration, there being exhaust ports in said cylinder, cylindrical segments extending between said shell and c hnder and forming valves slidably mounts in said exhaust space, said valves havin intake ports for registration with the inta re ports of said shell and cylinder and exhaust orts in said valve having communication with said exhaust space, a reeiprocable operating rod in said cyllnder, pistons on said rod, said valves bemg slida 1y mounted on said rod, compression spring abutments at the ends of said valves, tappet means, on said rod to engage said abutments and move said valves, and resilient detention means to detain the movement of said valves eom rising a detent for engagement with note es formed in, said segments.

8. In combination witha well casing, a fluid motor for a pump comprising a shell mounted within sai casing and spaced therefrom to form an annular motive fluid inlet space, a motor cylinder disposed within said 5 ell and spaced therefrom to form therewith an annular motive fluid exhaust space in communication with the surface of theliquid to be pumped, there being intake ports in said shel and cylinder disposed in re istration, there being exhaust ports in said cylinder, eylindrical se ments extending between said shell and ey inder and forming valves slidably mounted in said exhaust space, said valves havingintake ports for re istration with the intake ports in said shell and cylinder and exhaust ports in said valves having lateral communication with said exhaust space, a reciprocable rod in said cylinder having motor pistons thereon, said valves being slidably mounted. on said rod, resilient compression abutments at the ends of said valve, tappet means on said rod to engage said abutments, and move said valves, and resilient means to detain movement of said valves.

9. In combination with a well casin a fluid motor for a pump comprising a s ell mounted within said casing and spaced therefrom to form an annular motive fluid inlet space, a motor cylinder disposed within said s ell and spacedtherefrom to form therewith an annular motive fluid exhaust space, there being intake ports in said shell and said cylinder disposed in re istration, there being exhaust ports in said cylinder, slide valves mounted in said exhaust space for controlling said intake ports, said valves havin intake orts for registration with the intake ports 1n said shell and cylinder and exhaust ports in said valve having communication with said exhaust space, a reciprocable operating rod .within said cylinder, motor pistons secured to said operatmg rod for reciprocation in said cylinder, and means actuated by said operating rod to operate said valves.

10. In combination with a well easing, a fluid motor for a pump comprising a shell mounted within said casing and spaced therefrom to form an annular motive fluid inlet space, a motor cylinder disposed within said shell and spaced therefrom to form therewith an annular motive fluid exhaust space, there being intake ports in said shelland said cylinder dispose in registration, there bein exhaust ports in said cylinder slide va ves mounted in said exhaust space for controlling said intake ports, said valves havin intake ports for registration with the intal ie ports in said shell and cylinder and exhaust ports in said valves having communication with said exhaust space, a reciprocable operating rod within sald' cylinder, motor pistons secured to said operating rod for reciprocation in said cylinder, and tappet means on said operating rod for actuating said valves.

In witness that I claim the fore oing I have hereunto subscribed my name t is 18th dayof December, 1926.

JAMES A. WRAY.

Images