US2331151A - Fluid actuated pump - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 5,v 1943. w. l. WILLIAMS ET AL FLUID ACTUATED PUMP Filed Jan.- 24. 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 mw mw Oct. 5, 1943.

W. WILLIAMS ET AL FLUID ACTUATED PUMP 5 sheets-sheet' 5 Filed Jan. 24, 1939 Eowmo J. SHE/min. By// A I #Tmp/ver Oct. 5, 1943.A w. 1. WILLIAMS ET AL FLUID ACTUATED PUMP Filed Jan, 24, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Gt. 5, 1943. w. l. WILLIAMS ETAL FLUID ACTUATED PUMP Filed Jan. 24, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 f z l l Patented Oct. 5, 1943 FLUID ACTUATED PUMP Wesley I. Williams, Wilmington, and Edward J.

Shearer, Long Beach, Calif.; Ben H. Brown, administrator for Edward J. Shearer, deceased, Yassignor to said Wesley L'Williams Application January 24, 1939, Serial No. 252,586

2. Claims.

This invention relates to a fluid actuated reciprocating pump, particularly applicable to the pumping of oil from wells, and embodies that type of pump known as an insert pump, andpreferably is of the double acting type in which production fluid is admitted into a pumping chamber above and below the pumping piston. An object of our invention is to provide a fluid' actuated pump, embodying a control valve which is reciprocated by the power piston at the upper and lower end of its stroke, said control valve directing the fluid under pressure to either end of a distributor valve, said distributor valve in turn directing the fluid to the upper and lower ends of the power cylinder, thereby reciprocating the same.

An object of our invention is to provide a novel fluid actuated pump of the character stated, in which the fluid under pressure continues to act against either end of the power cylinder `for a period of time after the control'valve is initially moved, thus insuring the complete and accurate movement of said control valve.

A further feature of our invention involves the novel construction and arrangement of parts in a uid actuated pump, whereby fluid under pressure, directed within a single conduit, will act to reciprocate a powerl cylinder. I

A further object of our invention is to provide .a uid actuated pump, which will operate either in well lcasing and with tubing extending from the pump, through which production fluid is drawn, or by a conduit extending to an intake port of the pump and production tubing through which the fluid handled by the pump is forced.

Other objects, advantages and features of invention may appear from the accompanying drawings, the subjoined detailed description, and the. appended claims.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary, longitudinal sectional view of the upper portion of our pump.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary, longitudinal sectional view of a segment of the pump immediately below that shown in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary, sectional view of an area of .the pump immediately below that shown inFigure 2.

Figure4 is a fragmentary, longitudinal sectional view of the lower portion of our` pump, this view being partly diagrammatic in order that the four ducts, or passages, maybe shown in a single view.

Figure 5 is a transverse, sectional view of the upper annular check valve for the pumping piston.

Figure 6 is a side elevation, with parts broken away of the receiver valve.

Figure 'l is a longitudinal sectional view of the cylinder in which the control valve reciprocates. Figure 8 is a sectional view taken on line 8-8 i of Figure l.

taken on line of the lower part of our pump. Figure 15 is a true sectional view taken on line IE5-'l5 of Figure 14. Figure 16 is'a true sectionalview taken on line I6--l6 of Figure 14.

Figure 1'7 is a diagrammatic, longitudinal, sectional view of our pump.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, the numeral I indicates the well casing, which, under ordinary conditions, extends from the surface to approximately the bottom of the well.

The production tubing 2 is mounted Within the casing I and is spaced therefrom, and the lower stand of the tubing is of special construction and design and will be designated as the receiver 3. A pump barrel 4 is inserted within the receiver 3, and preferably closely ts this receiver, and is also packed 01T at intervals throughout its length, as will be further described.

A pumping piston 5 is reciprocally mounted within the barrel 4 and below the pumping piston there is mounted a power piston 6, also reciprocating within the barrel 4. The pistons 5 and 6 are connected by the pipe 1, so that the two pistons will move in unison. A production outlet pipe 8 rises from the production piston 5, and this pipe reciprocates with the piston. A ball check valve 9 is mounted in a cage I0 on the upper end of the production outlet pipe 8, the purpose of which will be subsequently described. A packer or other suitable closure means Il is provided on the lower end of the receiver 3 for the purpose of preventing the uid under pressure from passing downwardly into the productive formation and compelling this fluid to pass into the receiver, as will be further described. d

Fluid under pressure is alternately directed to view taken on line distributor valve I2 in turn is-pushed upwardly and downwardly corresponding to the movement of the power piston 6 by fluid under pressure. and this fluid is directed to the upper and lower faces of the distributor valve I2 through the movement of the control valve I3, the last-named valve being mechanically moved by the power piston 6. Fluid under pressure is forced into the casing I at the surface of the well, and passes downwardly through the annular space I4 between the casing and the production tubing 2. This pressure fluid enters through the constantly open port I5, and then enters the annular groove I6 in the cage I1l then passes through ports I6 in the cage I1, and then upwardly through the annular groove I8 in the distributor valve I2, thence back through the ports I1' in the cage I1 and through the port I9, which opens into the longitudinally extending duct 20. At the upper end of the duct 20, the fluid passes through the port 2|, and thence into a channeled fitting 22 in the pump barrel 4. The fluid then enters the lower motor chamber 22 and exerts pressure against the bottom of the power piston 6, urging this piston upwardly. This arrangement of parts is shown in Figures 3 and 4. Fluid which has previously filled the space above the power piston 6 is ejected from the pump in the following manner:

This fluid passes out through the annular space 23 and thence through a port 24, which opens into the exhaust duct 25, passes downwardly through this exhaust duct through the port 26 in the lower end of the duct, thence through the cage I1 into the annular space 21 ofthe distributor valve I2. then out through the ports I1' and 28 and into the longitudinally extending exhaust duct 29 at the upper end of which a port 30 is provided. which leads into the pump barrel 4 and thence passes upwardly through the annular space 3|, and finally into the production tubing whence it passes to the surface.

It will be noted that the various ducts 20, and 29 on the receiver 3 are preferably cored in bosses on the outside of the receiver, and these bosses are preferably integrally cast with the cylindrical body of the receiver.

While the power piston 6 was moving upwardly under the urge of the fluid under pressure, the control valve I3 was at the bottom of the cylinder 32. A control rod 33 extends from the control valve I3 into the power piston 6. A head 34 is provided on the upper end of the rod 33, and this head is engaged by the piston 6 to pull the rod 33 and the valve I3 upwardly as the piston reaches the limit of its upward stroke. A spring might be provided under the head 34, if desired, to relieve the shock of engaging parts. A block 35 in the tube 1 engages the head 34 on the downward movement of the piston 6, thus driving the rod 33 and the valve I3 downwardly at the limit of the downward movement of the piston 6.

As previously stated, the control valve I3 is at the bottom end of its cylinder, while the power piston 6 is moving upwardly. Fluid under pressure, during this time, is being exerted against the bottom of the distributor valve I2, and this valve is held in a raised position, namely as shown in Figure 4. The fluid under pressure is transmitted to the bottom of the distributor valve I2 in the following manner:

The fluid under pressure from the space I4 enters the constantly open port 36, which extends through the wall of the' receiver 3 directly into the chamber I4. The upper portion of the cage I1 has an annular groove 31 corresponding with the port 36, which opens into a. vertical slot 38, which extends to the port 39 in the cylinder 32. 'I'he pressure fluid then enters the annular restricted central portion in the valve I3 and moves through a port 40, thence into a vertical passage 4I thence through a port 42. which leads into the central bore 43 of the valve l2, thence downwardly through this bore out through the holes 44 and into the space below the valve I2, thus exerting an upward thrust on the valve, and holding it raised. A cap 45 closes the lower end of the cage I1, thus forming a cylinder in which the valve I2 moves. The fluid under pressure will continue to hold the valve I2 in its raised position, and the pressure fluid will urge the power piston 6 upwardly in the manner previously described, until the rod 33 is engaged and the valve I3 is raised to its maximum position shown in Figure 4. With the valve I3 elevated, as shown in Figure 4, the pressure fluid enters the port 36, thence through the groove 38, and the port 39, and thence into a vertical groove 46, which extends downwardly adjacent the passage 38 and opens into the ara above the valve I2, and within its cage I1. The valve I2 is now forced downwardly, at which time the pressure fluid from I4 is diverted to force the power piston 6 downwardly as follows:

Fluid under pressure is still entering the port I5, and thence into the annular groove I8. The port 41 is now uncovered, and the pressure fluid passes through this port, thence through the port 26 into the duct 25, thence through the port 24 into the annular area 23, and exerts pressure on the upper face of the piston 6 to urge the same downwardly. The fluid which had previously filled the space below the piston 6, namely 22, is ejected through the same ports and ducts through which the pressure fluid entered in order to move the piston upwardly, except that the intake port I 5 is now closed to the chamber 22. I'he exhausting fluid passes through the port I9, and this last named port is now connected through the distributor valve I2 to an exhaust port 48, which opens into the exhaust duct 29, thence passes upwardly in this duct, finally through the port 30 and thence upwardly into the tubing 2. The reciprocation of the power piston 6 by the uid under pressure, as described, will simultaneously reciprocate the pumping piston 5 throughthe pipe 1, which connects these pistons.

Assuming now that the piston 5 is moving upwardly, the pumping chamber 49 below the piston 5 will be filled with oil from the formation, as follows:

A port 59 is open to theproductive area below the packer II, this port being arranged below the cage I1, and opens into the productive duct 5I of the receiver. A port 52 extends from the duct 5I through the inner wall of the receiver and thence into vertical passages 53, which extend upwardly to an annular check valve 54, and as this valve lifts, the fluid enters the lower pumping chamber 49. On the down stroke of the piston 5, the check valve 54 will close and a uid within the pumping chamber 49 will pass through the constantly open ports 55 in the pipe 1 and thence upwardly past the ball check 9 and out into the tubing 2 and thence to the surface.

On the downward stroke of the piston 5, production uid is drawn from the duct 5I, through the port 56, thence through the vertical passages 51, then through the holes 58 in the sea-t of the annular valve 59. The upper pumping chamber 60 is thus lled with oil. On .the upward stroke of the piston 5, the valve 59 will be closed, and the iluid in the chamber 80 is forced upwardly through the inner annular space il of the valve I9, thence into the vertical passage B2, and will lift the annular' valve `63, and will then pass up wardly on the outside of the pipe 8 into the tubing 2, and thence to the surface.

To prevent leakage between the inner wall of the receiver 3 and the pump barrel, we provide various packings such as B4, above the production inlet 58, and 65, below the production inlet 52. Similarly, the pressure fluid is prevented from leaking between the inner wall of the receiver and the pump barrel by 'packing I0 (Figure 3) below the port 24 and packing 61 (Figure 4) above the port 2|. In other words, the power piston portion of the pump barrel is packed on at the top and bottom, and similarly the production piston area of the pump barrel is packed oil.' at the top and bottom. The pipe 1 passes through a packing gland 88 above the power piston 6, and the production tube 8 also passes through a packing gland t9 above the upper check valve 63. 'Ihis prevents the leakage of fluid around these pipes. Similarly, the control rod 33 passes through packing glands 10 and 'Il so that there is no leakage around this rod.

In operation, fluid under pressure iiows continuously'into the port I5. It is then directed by the control valve I2 either through the duct 20 and thence into the chamber 22, thereby pushing the power piston 6 upwardly, or through the port 28 thence into the duct 25, through the port 24, and exerts pressure on top of the power piston' l .to force it downwardly. `The course o! the iluid is determined by the mechanically actuated valve I3, which directs iluid under pressure either against the .top or bottom of the valve I2, thus shifting the last named valve up and down to direct the pressure iiuideither on top or against the bottom oi' the power piston l. Reciprocation oi' the power piston 6 by the iluid under pressure will simultaneously reciprocate the production piston 5, and production nuid is then drawn into the duct I, through the port .Aand passes either into the lower pumping chamber 4I or the upper pumping chamber 8l, depending on whether the pumping piston l is moving upwardly or downwardly. The pumped oil. or the like. passes into the production pipe I from the lower pumping chamber 49, and then into the tubing, or passes the valve O3, around the pipe 8, and thence directly into the tubing.

Having described our invention. we claim:

1. A iluid actuated pump including an outer tube, a pump barrel iltted within the tube. a power piston reciprocally mounted in the pump barrel, a pumping piston reciprocally mounted in the barrel and arranged adjacent the power piston, a tube connecting the power piston and pumping piston whereby said pistons operate in unison. said pump barrel having a pumping chamber in which the pumping piston reciprocates, a distributor valve mounted in the barrel, fluid pressure intake means extending into the distributor valve, said tubing having a conduit extending from the distributor valve to the lower face oi' the power piston, and a second conduit to the upper face of the power piston, said tube having a constantly open duct extending from below the distributor valve to the pumping chamber, check valve means between the pumping chamber and the last named duct, an outlet from the pumping chamber for the pumped iluid, an outlet pipe extending above the pumping piston and reciprocating therewith, a check valve in the outlet pipe, said tube connecting the power piston and pumping piston having a constantly opened port therein below the pumping piston through which production iluid flows on the down stroke of the pumping piston.

2. A fluid actuated pump including an outer tube, a pump barrel itted within the tube, a power piston reciprocally mounted in the pump barrel, a pumping piston reciprocally mounted in the barrel and arranged adjacent the power piston, a tube connecting the power piston and pumping piston whereby said pistons operate in unison, said pump barrel having` a pumping chamber in which the pumping piston reciprocates, said pumping chamber being arranged above and below the pumping piston, a distributor valve mounted in the barrel, fluid pressure chamber for the pumped uid, said outlet being above the pumping piston, said pump barrel having a port extending from the intake duct to the pumping chamber above the pumping piston, and a second port from the intake duct to the pumping chamber below the pumping piston, check valve means controlling each of said ports, said tubing connecting the power and pumping pistons having a constantly open port ,therein below the pumping Piston through which pumped viluid is exhausted from the pumping chamber below the pumping piston. an outlet pipe 'rising from the pumping piston and reciprocating therewith, and a check valve in the outlet pipe. WILLIAMS.

-wnsLEY I.

`EDWARD J. SHEARER.

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