US1749031A - Device for gasifying heavy oils - Google Patents

Description

March 4, 1930. J. w. INGLETON 1,749,031

DEVICE FOR GASIFYING HEAVY OILS Filed June 10, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 J. w. INGLETON 1,749,031

DEVICE FOR GASIFYING HEAVY OILS March 4, 1930.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 10, 1926 ling-""3 2 I I I 1 R} 2% Patented Man 45 i I I mms INGLET N, oEAsToBiAQOREGo v EVICE FOR GesIFvING mAvY-ons i Application med JunelO, 1926. min m; 114385;

' 'lheinvention relatesitonew useful 2 Aistill-f further-object of'theinventioni's improvements'in devices for gasifying heavy to provide-a device of the above. characterv ils,-andmore'particularl'y'to a Idevice'where wherein meansflis provided for supplying the in a portion of the heavy oilis burned for superheatedvaporizedheavy oil .with air, creating a heatwhichiis utilized for vaporwherebya proper fuel mixture. EisfprOdu'ced 5 izing the heavy oils. i I

I n I for the explosive-enginemz 1 An object of the present invention is to These and other objects will in'part be ob; provideia device wherein the cheavyconstit- V vious. and will in partberhereinafter more uents of a heavy oil-are separated'from the fully disclosedi i i rleheavy oil and conducted. to a combustion lnjthe drawings "which-show byywaygof chamber where said heavy constituents are illustration, one embodiment of the; inven-c burned, and the heat thereofi 'isiutilized for tiofn,1" g

. a heating the vaporizing chamber into which Figure l 'sa sideview ofa'deviceembody-i the heavy oil is initially conducted for va-I sing my improvements; 1, :3 i porizing the remainder of the heavyoil. I Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional'viewon 135 A further Object of the invent on is'tof ,thezline2 f.'2 otFig ii and if I i provide a device of the ,above ieharacter .Figg3'isasectionalview on the=1ine wherein means is provided for conducting ,of Fig.,.2. f .1 the vaporized heavyoil-throughthe combusa -The invention isjdirectedbroadly to a 'de-' tion chamber whereb the heat-in the com vice forva orizin 'Orj asif in' heav :oils. 7 y P g s y g y I bustion chamber maybe used for superheat While the-.devi'ce'may be used forflyarious ing the vaporized heavy oil as it-is led to its purposes", it sis', .particularlyjadapted for; use place of use, p V l r j inconne'ction with'aneXplosive; engine; and f l A'still further object of the invention is to will-be'so described in detailhereinafterrti J 5 provide a device of the above characterfwhich The device includes'avaporizing chamber 7? may be used in conjunction with anexplosive which is preferablyprovidedwith an inclined, engine, and wherein the exhaust gases from" bottom; late; on to which the heavy voil to l the engine are utilized for creating-a draft be vaporized or gasifiejd is fedcfroin a supply throughthe combustionchamberl 1 pipe whichfis providedwith-a suitable control' I to HA still "further object of the invention is xvalve. Thiscvaporizin'g 'chamberlis provided Q;

to provide'fa deviceofthe abo'vecharacter fwith nieans for collectingthe; heavy constitu wherein the vaporizing chamberis provided cuts in the heavy oil which are, not-readily;

,7 withan inclined plate at thebottom portion vaporizedl .jAs sociatedrwithi this vaporizing thereon on to which the heavy oil is ite'd and chamber is a combustion chamber which is wherein said vaporizing chamberis soas 'preferably placed directly beneath-thevapon sociated with the combustion chamber that 'izing chamber. Means is provided forlcolie the'products of "combustion are directed ducting-the heavy consti u t Ofitlle heavy against the-bottom portion of saidplate. *f" oil. collecting in :the vaporizingchamberto 4' I 1 A still further object ofthe invention is -to this combustion chamber, and a suitable valve wherein the means*for -feeding'the heavy oil heavyv constituents, asthey pass into the com to the vaporizing chamber and on to the in'-' 'bustion chamber 'are ledover suitable plates, clined plate'maybe shifted to difierentppsi which, during the burningof the constitutions relative to said inclined plate during ents, become'very hot and aid in the vaporize; the initial installation of the device. l ing of these'heavy constituents. A suitable 9d provide a device of the above character 'is'providedxfoncontrolling the supply; The 1 A still further object of the' inventionis wi'o'kingyis1provided to' f urther retain, the

. to provide; a deviceof the above character heavy constituentsuntilthey are consumed with means whereby the vaporizing chamber The burning of the heavy [constituents ,is'ifor' may be kept substantially under atmospheric the purpose ofheating the vaporizing chain pressure. 7 v 1 .ber. Suitable means is provided-for causing a draft through the combustion chamber, and

this is preferably obtained by utilizing the.

exhaust gases from the explosive engine for the purpose. As these heavy constituents are consumed, the entire vaporizing chamber is intensely heated, and therefore, the heavy oils fed on; tothe inclined bottom plate will be largely vaporized 'andgasified, and only a small portion of the very heavy. constituents will accumulate on'the bottom portion of the vaporizing chamber. Iti's' the inten-,

tion of burning up all of these heavy constituents; To this end, the supply pipe may be shifted relative to the inclined pl-atein the vaporizing chamber so as to increase or decrease the length of flow of the heavy'oil on said inclined plate. This is only done in the initial installation of the device. suitable low pressure air intake is provided for the combustion'chamber; Pipes are provided for conducting the vaporized or gasified heavy oil from the vaporizing chamber to the place of use, and these pipes "extend through the combustion chamber so that the vaporized or "gasifi'ed heavy fuel in the pipes is superheated. Also located in the 'combus I tion chamber is a compartment into which the pipes lea'd. An air supply'pipe is also led into this compartment, and a pipe for carrying off the mixed air and gas vapor leads into the compartment. The air pipe is adjustable for controlling the mixture of tom . provided with an inclined partition 2, in the upper portion thereof, which divides the casing into an oil gga'sifyi'ng or vaporizing chamher 3 and combustion chamber 4. This hotplate 2 of the vaporizing chamber inclines downwardly toward theri'g'ht side of the device "as viewed in Fig. 2. At the lower end o'fsaid inclined plate 2 there is an opening through the wall of'the' casing 1', and apipe 5 is attached to said opening. Said pipe 5 leads to a receptacle 6 which ma be attached to the side wall of the casing.

The heavy oil'to be gasified o'r vaporized is supplied to the vaporizing chamber -3 by a supply pipe 7 which is provided with a suitable valve 8. The top wallof thefc a'sing 1 is provided with a series ofopenings 9, 9. The pipe '7 extends through one of these openings, ancl the 're1nan'1tag; openings are closed viding a series of openings is tope'rmit the shifting of the supply pipe 7 for reasons which will be referred to later. The heavy oil fed through the supply pipe is directed on to the inclined bottom plate 2, and this inclined bottom plate 2 is preferably concave on its upper face so that the stream of heavy oil will run along the center of the plate. As

.has been stated above, this bottom-plate 2 is heated, andin fact, the'entire vaporizing chamber is'heated. The heat of the plate over which the oil flows and the heat of the cham- -.-ber will cause the heavy oil to be vaporized or gasifie d to a great extent. A certain portion of the heavierconstltuents, however, Wlll collect or accumulate at the bottom end of 1 the inclined bottom plate2, and will run oif through the pipe 5 into the receptacle 6. This receptacle 6 is provided with a vent opening to the atmosphere, indicated at 11. It

is alsov provided with a suitable overflow pipe 12, although when the device is properly set up, the accumulating heavy c onstituentswill all be consumed in the combustion chamber. A pipe 1 3v leads from this receptacle 6 through :the wall '14. of the casing 1. The end 15 of the pipe extending through thewall 14 is directly above plates 16 and 17. These plates are attached to the wall 1 of the easing, and the plate 17 extends to a slightly greater extent into the combustion chamber. The, heavy oil passing out of the pipe 13 will flowon to the plate 16, and will spread out onsaid plate, and will flow off -from the end thereof on to the plate 17, and thence on to; a porous asbestos wicking 18 7 during the initial starting'of the device. As soon. as the combustion is started, then the oil will be consumed on the plates, which will be intensely heated and aid in the vaporizmg of the heavy constituents for consumption. The pipe 13 is provided with a hand valve 19 for controlling the supply of the heavy oil constituents to the combustion chamber. Attached to thefwall 14 is an air intake pipe 20 through which low pressure air is admitted to the combustion, chamber. Thispipe may be provided with a branc'hjportion 21, "through which a torch may be extended for igniting the heavy oil in the combustion chamber. This pipe may be closed by a plate 22 after the device is started. Attached to the casing 1 isan exhaust pipe23 for the combustion chamber, and extending into this exhaust pipe 23 is an' exhaust pipe 24, which is connectedwith the exhaust of an explosive engine when thedcvice is used in connection with an explosive engine. The exhaust gases passing from the pipe 24 into and through the pipe 23 will create a draft through the combustion chamber, drawing air in through the pipe 20.

The casing 1 is provided with a cross partition 25': in the combustion chamber, which is preferablycylindrical in shape. This partition forms a compartment 26. There are two pipes 27, 27, which extend up through the f bottom plate2 and are spaced on opposite gine.

sides of the central portion of the bottom plate along-which the heavy oil tends to flow.

These pipes 27 are also connected with-the cross partition and lead into the compartment 26. The pipes 27 extend some distance above the bottom plate and are for the purpose of collecting and drawing-off the va-' porized or gasified heavy oil in the vaporizing chamber 3. The casing 1 is provided with chamber 3. This causes the pipes 27 to become intensely heated, and the gases or vapors passing therethrough superheated,

which greatly increases the efiiciency'of the fuel mixture when "used in a combustion enln order. that the fuel gas received into the mixing chamber 26 may be mixed with air, an

air supply pipe 29 is provided. This air supply pipe 29 is threaded into the side wall 1 of the, casing, and is capable of-being ad justed endwise in said side wall. A nut 30 is threaded on to'the pipe and locks the pipe "in its adjusted positions; An outlet pipe 31 extends through theopposite wall of the casing and is of substantially the same'dimensions and in alinement withjthe air pipe 29.

The'ends of these pipes are spaced from each other in the chamber 26, and the oil gas inthe chamber passes into the fuel pipe 31 and is thoroughly mixed with air passing through.

i the pipe 29 and into-the mixture pipe 31: The

- will also draw the vaporized orgasified fuel oil from the vaporizing chamber 3. II

I air pipe is preferably offixed dimensions,

7 and by shifting the air pipe, the amount of oil gas mixed with the air can be varied. The 7 mixture pipe 31, when the device is used in an explosive engine, is provided with asuit- Y I ablethrottle valve.

Associated with the vaporizing chamber is ,means for maintaining said vaporizing ch'amber substantially at atmospheric pressure. As shown in the drawings, this is accomplished by a pipe 32 which is in the form of a coil'and open at its outer end. Itwill be understood, of course, that the suction of the engine will draw the air'and oil gas mix-1 ture from the mixing compartment 26 and heavy the demand of the engine is suddenly cut down, so that more vaporized or gasified fuel is-provided than the engine needs, then the surplus may pass off into this pipe 32.: If

there is an over-abundance, it may escape out through the pipe, otherwise some of the oil I vapors might condense inthe pipe and drain backinto the vaporizing chamber. .Then

again, when the amount ofgasified fuel is not sufficient to supplythe demand of. the engine, ,due to certain sudden changes in the condithrough the p stalling of'the engine; I

tion of operation, air: may-bejdrawnin It willbe'noted that'heavy oil has been 'ferredto throughout the description, but it is understood, of course, "that by' this term we mean oils whichare heavier than.kerosene. This heavier Oll may contain lighter 011s, but

the object of the invention is to consume and utilize all of the heavy oil, -and particularly to utilize the jasphaltic constituents. in the combustion chamber for creating the heat: to aid in the vaporizing or gasifying of fall or the remaining portions of the heavy oil for use in anexplosive engine. v i.

j :Foreasy starting, a small amount of gaso A line or other light ;oil' may be directed into the combustion chamber through a pipe 33 and a-spark plug may be used for igniting the vapors. in the combustion chamber. After the combustion chamber is'wellheated, then the valve 19 is ope nedto allow the heavy oil constituents to flowon to'the plates 16 and 17-. If thereshould not be a supply of heavy'oil constituents, then of course, the valve 8 is opened, so that the heavyoilmay pe :82 and; thus prevent the I run down throughinto the combustion 'cham ber. As soon. as the device is heated ;to an operating;temperature, then the heavy oil" .which flows, on to thein'clined plate 2 will heavy oil constituents be vaporized,-and the collected and fed to the combustionchamber formaintaining the combustionv therein. I'It willlthus be seen that. I have provided: a device wherein the heavyconstituentsin the heavy oil are burned, and the heat ofcombustion is utilized. for vaporizing the remaining portions offthe'heavy oil, and for conditioning the vaporized or gasified heavy oil for use in an explosive engine.

It is obvious, of course, as has been noted,

that my improved device may be used for the details of construction maybe greatly varied or modified without departing from the spirit of the inventionas set forth in the appended claims.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters- Patent, is r 1. A device forgasifying heavy oils, comprising an oil vaporizing and gasifying chamber having an inclined plate on which the oil to be vaporized is fed, means for collecting the heavy constituents separating from the oil on said inclined plate, a receptacle connected to the collecting means for storing the heavy constituents,- a combustion chamber, a valve controlled means for supplying the connected heavy constituents to the combustion chamber, saidcombustionchamher being disposed relative to said vaporizing chamber so that the burning of the heavy constituents in the combustion chamber will heatthe vaporizing chamber, means for supother purposes. It will also be obvious that plying air to the combustion chamber, means for creating a draft through said combustion chamber, pipes extending into the vaporizing chamber to a point above the inclined partition and connected to a compartment located in the combustion chamber but separated therefrom whereby the vaporized heavy oil is led from the vaporizing chamber into said compartment and is further heated and gasified therein, means for leading the heavy vaporized oil from said compartment, and means for mixing air with the heavy vaporized oil after it leavesthe vaporizing chamber.

2. A device for gasifying heavy oils, comprising a casing, an inclined partition dividing said casing into an upper oil vaporizing chamber and a lower combustion chamber, a pipe extending through the upper wall of the casing for feeding heavy oil on to the inclined partition, said upper wall having a series of openings whereby said pipe may be shifted and the heavy oil fed onto said inclined partition at different distances from the lower end thereof, means for collecting the heavy constituents separating from the oil on said inclined partition and supplying the same to the combustion chamber for burnmg, said combustion chamber having an air intake, a cross partition in said combustion chamber forming a compartment, a pipe extending from said compartment through said inclined partition to a point above the same for directing the vaporized heavy oils from the vaporizing chamber into said compartment, means whereby said vaporized oil may be led from sald compartment, and means for supplying air to the vaporized oil.

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature.

JAMES WM. INGLETON.

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