US1745134A - Imparting bacteria-resistant properties to textile materials - Google Patents
Imparting bacteria-resistant properties to textile materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1745134A US1745134A US143788A US14378826A US1745134A US 1745134 A US1745134 A US 1745134A US 143788 A US143788 A US 143788A US 14378826 A US14378826 A US 14378826A US 1745134 A US1745134 A US 1745134A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- attack
- sizing
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- micro
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- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 17
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title description 15
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 20
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 19
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 150000003586 thorium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 232Th Chemical compound [232Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 3
- MZQZQKZKTGRQCG-UHFFFAOYSA-J thorium tetrafluoride Chemical compound F[Th](F)(F)F MZQZQKZKTGRQCG-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 3
- DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium Chemical compound [U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U] DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003671 uranium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000722 Didymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000224487 Didymium Species 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001896 cresols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003053 immunization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003639 thymyl group Chemical class C1(=CC(C)=CC=C1C(C)C)* 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 102000009027 Albumins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010088751 Albumins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000228212 Aspergillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000416162 Astragalus gummifer Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010076119 Caseins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000023467 Composia Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical class [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical class [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 101100194706 Mus musculus Arhgap32 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical class C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000396922 Pontia daplidice Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ABBQHOQBGMUPJH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium salicylate Chemical compound [Na+].OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O ABBQHOQBGMUPJH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001218 Thorium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001615 Tragacanth Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001224 Uranium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 101100194707 Xenopus laevis arhgap32 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical class [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001495 arsenic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008952 bacterial invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001558 benzoic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001559 benzoic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 1
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002144 chemical decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- -1 fatty acid salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940093920 gynecological arsenic compound Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000002649 immunization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004900 laundering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940079938 nitrocellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000135 prohibitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940100486 rice starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003873 salicylate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003870 salicylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960004025 sodium salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000196 tragacanth Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010487 tragacanth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940116362 tragacanth Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/83—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with metals; with metal-generating compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls; Reduction of metal compounds on textiles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2123/00—Preparations for testing in vivo
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/907—Resistant against plant or animal attack
Definitions
- This invention relates primarily to the sizin filling and coating of textiles and other fa rics composed at least in part-of cellulose, including not only the fabric itself, whether woven, knitted, netted or felted, but also fibres, yarns, threads and the various associations thereof. Its chief object is to pro-- vide, in the sizing, filling or coating treatment, a substantial degree of immunity, and in many cases virtually complete immunity, from damage by the attack of micro-organisms especially bacteria (or more correctly sohizomycetes) of the mildew group of which aspergillus and penecelium are prominent examples.
- the invention further relates to sizing, filling or coating compositions; compositions containing gelatin, albumin, or casein; cellulose solutions, as for example viscose, nitro-cellulose, and cellulose acetate in hydrocarbon and other solvents: rubber solutions; solutions of so-called synthetic rubber, and also rubber substitutes, such as the var nish-gum solutions used for coating fabrics; and solutions of other gums such as tragacanth, tragasol, and arab-ic.
- Another object is to provide sizing, filling and coating com ositions, and other compositions of the classes mentioned, which shall not only themselves be immune or resistant to attack but will impart a substantial de ree of resistance or immunity to cellulosematerial when applied thereto.
- the invention comprises the novel features hereinafter described.
- compositions most commonly employed are composed largely of farinaceous materials or starches, such as wheat, corn, rice and potato starch, sago,tapioca, and the like. These are themselves susceptible to attack by microorganisms. and hence are apt to, and in many cases do, greatly increase the hazard of the textile material in which they are incorporated. Efi'ortshave been made to prevent this increase of hazard, and also to attain complete immunity not only of the sizing composition but also, through it. of the textile material itself, by including in the sizing Application filed October 23; 1926. Serial No. 143,788.
- coal tar derivatives and the like such as phenols, cresols, thymols, benzoates, and salicylates, which, while efiective for a time, soon lose their efliciency through gradual volatilize,- tion, polymerization into innocuous compounds, or actual chemical changes which de-.
- conner compounds are restricted by their poisonous character (the same applies of course of arsenic compounds) and by their pronounced color and ready reaction with certain dyestuffs.
- Magnesium salts are relatively inert and hence must be used in large amount. All of these agents have the disadvantage of setting free acidic ions under certain conditions of temperature and moisture, resulting in pronounced tendering and in some cases actual destruction of the fabric.
- the resistance ofthe composition is of a degree that in some cases amounts to virtual immunity from bacterial invasion.
- the efiect of relatively small proportions of the salts referred to is manifested in marked retardation of the rate of bacterial growth, the acthat approaches immunization.
- the addition of minute quantities of thorium compounds along with compounds of zirconium and uranium and the rare earth metals markedly increases the already great resistance to the attack of micro-organisms which these compounds impart to sizing and other compositions.
- the compounds referred to are entirely nonhygroscopic, and with the exception of uranium compounds they are non-poisonous; and the uranium compounds are not dangerously' or even obj ectionably poisonous. More'- over, they are, as a general rule, difficultly soluble, and hence are lost but slowly if at all in the normal operations of laundering, thus makin the protection more lasting in the case of abrics that are Washed freq uently. Nor are they subject to polymerizatlon or volatilization, or to destruction of their antiseptic qualities through a change of linkage or chemical decomposition into com-' pounds which are innocuous or less repellant to micro-organisms.
- The' immunizing or resisting compound may be added to the sizing, filling, coatin or other com osition at any stage of its pro uctron, or a erwards. It has been found advantageous, however, n the case of compositions containing farinaceous or starchy ingredients, to mix the resistance-imparting compound with the ingredient mentioned.
- the preferred rare earth metal and zirconium, thorium and uranium compounds are the soluble or slightly soluble compounds, as they afford greater protection than the insoluble oxids and hydroxids.
- the former compounds are sulfates, acetates, silicates, nitrates, fatty acid salts and halo en salts, and our experience indicates t atfluorids are the most advantageous.
- thorium compounds are preferred, and, of these from one-half to two per cent is usually ample, whereas from one to four per cent of compounds of the other.
- th'e'thorium salt or salts can be replaced wholly or in part with other rare earth metal, zirconium and uranium salts.
- composition of matter for sizing, filling, coating or other purposes containing an organic ingredient whichis itself susceptible to attack by micro-organisms and containing a difliculty soluble salt of a rare earth element serving tov impart resistanceto such attack.
- composition .of matter for sizing, filling, coating orother purposes, containingan" es will be sufficient.
- A- composition of matter for sizing, filling, coating or other purposes containing an organic ingredient which is itself susceptible to attack by micro-organisms and containing thorium fluorid to impart resistance to such attack.
- a composition of matter for sizing, filling,coating or other purposes containing a farinaceous ingredient and also containing a compound of a rare earth element acting to impart resistance to attack by micro-organisms.
- a composition of matter for sizing, filling, coating or other purposes containing a farinaceous ingredient and also containing a thorium compound acting to impart resistance to attack by micro-organisms.
- composition of matter for sizing, filling, coating or other purposes containing a farinaceous ingredient and also containing thorium fluoride to impart resistance to attack by micro-organisms.
- the herein described method of rendering textile materials resistant to the attack of micro-organisms comprising sizing the textile material with a composition containing an organic ingredient which is itself susceptible to attack by micro-organisms, and containing also a thorium compound.
- the herein described method of rendering textile materials resistant to the attack of micro-organisms comprising sizing the textile material with a composition con taining an organic ingredient which is itself susceptible to attack by micro-organisms, and containing also thorium fluoride.
- le'xtile material sized with a composition containing an organic ingredient which is itself susceptible to attack by micro-organisms, and containing also a compound of a rare earth element.
- Textile material sized with a composition containing a farinaceous ingredient and a thorium compound.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Description
Patented Jan. 28, 1930 lTE STATES OFFHC CLARENCE B. WHITE, 01 MONTCLAIR, AND EUGENE SCHAEFER, OF ENGLEWOOD, NEW
JERSEY, ASSIGNORS TO VIVATEX PROCESSES, INC., OF LODI, NEW JERSEY, A COR- PORATION OF NEW JERSEY mrmrme BACTERIA-RESISTANT, PROPERTIES 'ro mime mrERms No Drawing.
This invention relates primarily to the sizin filling and coating of textiles and other fa rics composed at least in part-of cellulose, including not only the fabric itself, whether woven, knitted, netted or felted, but also fibres, yarns, threads and the various associations thereof. Its chief object is to pro-- vide, in the sizing, filling or coating treatment, a substantial degree of immunity, and in many cases virtually complete immunity, from damage by the attack of micro-organisms especially bacteria (or more correctly sohizomycetes) of the mildew group of which aspergillus and penecelium are prominent examples. The invention further relates to sizing, filling or coating compositions; compositions containing gelatin, albumin, or casein; cellulose solutions, as for example viscose, nitro-cellulose, and cellulose acetate in hydrocarbon and other solvents: rubber solutions; solutions of so-called synthetic rubber, and also rubber substitutes, such as the var nish-gum solutions used for coating fabrics; and solutions of other gums such as tragacanth, tragasol, and arab-ic. Another object is to provide sizing, filling and coating com ositions, and other compositions of the classes mentioned, which shall not only themselves be immune or resistant to attack but will impart a substantial de ree of resistance or immunity to cellulosematerial when applied thereto. To these and other ends the invention comprises the novel features hereinafter described.
For sizing or filling cellulose textile materials (including in this term not only fabrics but also fibres, threads, yarns, etc.) the compositions most commonly employed are composed largely of farinaceous materials or starches, such as wheat, corn, rice and potato starch, sago,tapioca, and the like. These are themselves susceptible to attack by microorganisms. and hence are apt to, and in many cases do, greatly increase the hazard of the textile material in which they are incorporated. Efi'ortshave been made to prevent this increase of hazard, and also to attain complete immunity not only of the sizing composition but also, through it. of the textile material itself, by including in the sizing Application filed October 23; 1926. Serial No. 143,788.
composition sterilizing or antiseptic substances, but such efforts have never, so far as We are aware, been completely successful. For example, there are many promising coal tar derivatives and the like, such as phenols, cresols, thymols, benzoates, and salicylates, which, while efiective for a time, soon lose their efliciency through gradual volatilize,- tion, polymerization into innocuous compounds, or actual chemical changes which de-.
stroy their distinctive character. A familiar case is that of sodium salicylate, a strong antiseptic which in the presence of alkali quickly loses its anti-bacterial effectiveness. Such chemical agents as salts of copper, zinc and magnesium, the most promising of which are zinc salts, have been tried with varying but never complete success. A typical case is that of zinc chlorid, which to be effective must be used in large amount, rising to as much as ten per cent of the material treated. The zinc salt being comparatively cheap the cost is not prohibitive; but its hygroscopic properties, by attracting moisture, tend to increase the susceptibility of the textile material itself to the attack of micro-organisms. The use of conner compounds is restricted by their poisonous character (the same applies of course of arsenic compounds) and by their pronounced color and ready reaction with certain dyestuffs. Magnesium salts are relatively inert and hence must be used in large amount. All of these agents have the disadvantage of setting free acidic ions under certain conditions of temperature and moisture, resulting in pronounced tendering and in some cases actual destruction of the fabric.
We have found that when compounds of the metals of the rare earth groups, and of the equivalent elements thorium, zirconium, and uranium, are added to the composition emploved for sizing, filling or coating textile materials and for other purposes, the resistance ofthe composition is of a degree that in some cases amounts to virtual immunity from bacterial invasion. The efiect of relatively small proportions of the salts referred to is manifested in marked retardation of the rate of bacterial growth, the acthat approaches immunization. At the same time the addition of minute quantities of thorium compounds along with compounds of zirconium and uranium and the rare earth metals markedly increases the already great resistance to the attack of micro-organisms which these compounds impart to sizing and other compositions. the compounds referred to are entirely nonhygroscopic, and with the exception of uranium compounds they are non-poisonous; and the uranium compounds are not dangerously' or even obj ectionably poisonous. More'- over, they are, as a general rule, difficultly soluble, and hence are lost but slowly if at all in the normal operations of laundering, thus makin the protection more lasting in the case of abrics that are Washed freq uently. Nor are they subject to polymerizatlon or volatilization, or to destruction of their antiseptic qualities through a change of linkage or chemical decomposition into com-' pounds which are innocuous or less repellant to micro-organisms.
The well known compounds of these metals with phenols, cresols, thymols, naphthaline compounds, and salicylic and benzoic acids,
are stable and diflicultly soluble, thus adding an element of permanency to the antiseptic qualities of these organic compounds, as well as reinforcing or increasing their antiseptic power or ability to inhibit or restrain the growth of moulds, fungi, and other microorganisms. Such compounds are less volatile, more permanent,-and far more diflicultly removable than is the case with hydrocarbons and coal tar derivations uncombined with the chemical elements referred to.
.The' immunizing or resisting compound may be added to the sizing, filling, coatin or other com osition at any stage of its pro uctron, or a erwards. It has been found advantageous, however, n the case of compositions containing farinaceous or starchy ingredients, to mix the resistance-imparting compound with the ingredient mentioned.
The preferred rare earth metal and zirconium, thorium and uranium compounds are the soluble or slightly soluble compounds, as they afford greater protection than the insoluble oxids and hydroxids. Among the former compounds are sulfates, acetates, silicates, nitrates, fatty acid salts and halo en salts, and our experience indicates t atfluorids are the most advantageous.
In general, thorium compounds are preferred, and, of these from one-half to two per cent is usually ample, whereas from one to four per cent of compounds of the other.
With rare exceptions Water meitals would be required for equivalent resu ts.
With the foregoing a few specific examp These are suitable for sizing cellulose fibres, yarns, threads and fabrics.
general rules in mind In the above, th'e'thorium salt or salts can be replaced wholly or in part with other rare earth metal, zirconium and uranium salts.
- D E F G China clay 280 lbs 560 336 898 Meg. chlorld (60 Tw.) 16 30 Flour 280 280 520 460 Oocoanut oil 20 30 Sod. sulfate..- 224 336 Tallow 150 Water Sufiicient Suf. Bul. But. Cerium, lanthanum or didymium sulphate, cleats, etc 7 lbs. 7 12 14 In the above compositions the cerium, lanthanum and didymium salt or salts may be replaced entirely or partly by thorium compounds, the higher efliciency of the latter making it possible to use correspondingly smaller quantities, as indicated by the first series of examples.
It is to be understood that the invention is notlimited to the details herein described but can be carried out in other ways without departure from its spirit. In the appended claims the term rare earth ele'mentis intended to include thorium, zirconium and uranium. I
We claim-- y 1. A composition of matter for sizing, filling, coating or other purposes, containing an organic ingredient which is itself susceptible to attack by micro-organisms and containing also a compouhd of a rare earth element serving to impart resistance to such attack.
2 A composition of matter for sizing, filling, coating or other purposes, containing an organic ingredient whichis itself susceptible to attack by micro-organisms and containing a difliculty soluble salt of a rare earth element serving tov impart resistanceto such attack.
- 3. A composition .of matter for sizing, filling, coating orother purposes, containingan" es will be sufficient.
' tion containing 4. A- composition of matter for sizing, filling, coating or other purposes, containing an organic ingredient which is itself susceptible to attack by micro-organisms and containing thorium fluorid to impart resistance to such attack.
5. A composition of matter for sizing, filling,coating or other purposes, containing a farinaceous ingredient and also containing a compound of a rare earth element acting to impart resistance to attack by micro-organisms.
6. A composition of matter for sizing, filling, coating or other purposes, containing a farinaceous ingredient and also containing a thorium compound acting to impart resistance to attack by micro-organisms.
7. A composition of matter for sizing, filling, coating or other purposes, containing a farinaceous ingredient and also containing thorium fluoride to impart resistance to attack by micro-organisms.
8. The herein described method of rendering textile materials resistant to the attack of micro-organisms, comprising sizing the textile material with a composition containing an organic ingredient which is itself susceptible to attack by micro-organisms, and containing also a compound of a rare earth element.
9. The herein described method of rendering textile materials resistant to the attack of micro-organisms, comprising sizing the textile material with a composition containing an organic ingredient which is itself susceptible to attack by micro-organisms, and containing also a thorium compound.
10. The herein described method of rendering textile materials resistant to the attack of micro-organisms, comprising sizing the textile material with a composition con taining an organic ingredient which is itself susceptible to attack by micro-organisms, and containing also thorium fluoride.
11. le'xtile material sized with a composition containing an organic ingredient which is itself susceptible to attack by micro-organisms, and containing also a compound of a rare earth element.
12. Textile material sized with a composition containing a farinaceous ingredient and a thorium compound.
13. Textile material sized with a composia farinaceous ingredient and thorium fiuorid.
In testimony whereof we hereto aflix our signatures.
' CLARENCE B. WHITE.
EUGENE SCHAEFER.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US143788A US1745134A (en) | 1926-10-23 | 1926-10-23 | Imparting bacteria-resistant properties to textile materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US143788A US1745134A (en) | 1926-10-23 | 1926-10-23 | Imparting bacteria-resistant properties to textile materials |
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US1745134A true US1745134A (en) | 1930-01-28 |
Family
ID=22505635
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US143788A Expired - Lifetime US1745134A (en) | 1926-10-23 | 1926-10-23 | Imparting bacteria-resistant properties to textile materials |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3081199A (en) * | 1959-10-06 | 1963-03-12 | Staley Mfg Co A E | Modified starch product for coating cellulosic webs |
US3446656A (en) * | 1964-12-30 | 1969-05-27 | Us Agriculture | Zirconium compounds as algaecides |
US4957939A (en) * | 1981-07-24 | 1990-09-18 | Schering Aktiengesellschaft | Sterile pharmaceutical compositions of gadolinium chelates useful enhancing NMR imaging |
US5154764A (en) * | 1990-04-10 | 1992-10-13 | Mooney Chemicals, Inc. | Neodymium carboxylates as driers in high-solids coating compositions |
US20050055991A1 (en) * | 2003-09-15 | 2005-03-17 | Hsu Yi-Ting Nancy | Air purification and physiological metabolism promoting health material |
-
1926
- 1926-10-23 US US143788A patent/US1745134A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3081199A (en) * | 1959-10-06 | 1963-03-12 | Staley Mfg Co A E | Modified starch product for coating cellulosic webs |
US3446656A (en) * | 1964-12-30 | 1969-05-27 | Us Agriculture | Zirconium compounds as algaecides |
US4957939A (en) * | 1981-07-24 | 1990-09-18 | Schering Aktiengesellschaft | Sterile pharmaceutical compositions of gadolinium chelates useful enhancing NMR imaging |
US5154764A (en) * | 1990-04-10 | 1992-10-13 | Mooney Chemicals, Inc. | Neodymium carboxylates as driers in high-solids coating compositions |
US20050055991A1 (en) * | 2003-09-15 | 2005-03-17 | Hsu Yi-Ting Nancy | Air purification and physiological metabolism promoting health material |
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