US1744144A

US1744144A - Axial thrashing and straw-reducing machine

Info

Publication number: US1744144A
Application number: US257803A
Authority: US
Inventors: Schlayer Felix
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1927-03-03
Filing date: 1928-02-29
Publication date: 1930-01-21
Anticipated expiration: 1947-01-21

Description

Jan. 21, 1930. F. SCHLAYER AXIAL THRASHING AND STRAW REDUCING MACHINE Filed Feb. 29, I1928 2 Sheets-Sheet UNV EN TOF-2 AFelixv Jc layer' Jan.21,l930. F.scHLAYER L744J44 AXIAL THRASHING AND STRAW REDUCING MACHINE Filed Feb. 29, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 sNvENToR FelixV Jrlayer' Patented Jan. 21, 1930 UNITED STATES FELIX SCHLAYER, F MADRID, SPAIN AXIAL THRASHING AND STRAW-BEDUCING MACHINE Application led 'February 29, 1928, Serial No. 257,803, and in Germany March 3, 1927.

This invention relates to improvements in axial thrashing and straw-reducing machines with means for varying the duration of the treatment of the thrashing material as described in my copending applications for Letters Patent of the United States, Serial Number 662,577, filed Sept. 13, 1923, and Serial Number 124,734, filed July 24, 1926, it having been proposed in the earlier of the two above named applications to allow a certain quantity of air continuously to enter from the rear end of the machine and for this purpose to provide adjustable plates at the dismachine embodying both the desirable fea-V ture of the retaining disc with the annular feature of the continuous admission of additional air, and to this end the disc, while fast on the shaft and rotating therewith, is provided with a central opening for' the admission of such air. In the particular embodi-' 5` ment of this application the rim of the disc is connected with its hub by relatively short spokes thereby producin sector-shaped apertures t rough which the air freely enters for assisting in maintaining a continuous communication between the interior of the machine and the atmosphere.

In the event of a cap being `provided at the discharge end of the machine for receiving and eventually carrying off the chaifto a sieve, a hollow co-axial cylinder, passing through the cap and surrounding the air ini lets, will be provided in the rear of the retaining disk, thereby to cause fresh air which carries no chaff to enter the machine drum.

5U A preferred form of my invention will alspace between its rim and the drum and the near the shaft low the required suction air simultaneously to be used also for cleaning the thrashed grain. This may be accomplished by connectlng up to the apertures in the retaining disk or the suction pipe, respectively, a conduit connecting with the discharging or sackingmechanismof the machine, by means of which conduit air may be induced to blow through the flow of grains passing near the inlet opening of the said conduit.

For the motion of the air admitted from the rear of the machine it is important that its fiow through the interior of the machine be not obstructed, which would be the case, for instance, if the beaters were secured to special collars on the beater shaft. In that case pockets would be produced between each two beaters, which in themselves are not conducive to an even flow of air. These pockets or notches, however, especially when thrashing out moist straw, very often cause an accumulation of the straw which will roll up to form a cushion or padding having a diameter larger than that of the collars. Thereby the air will, from the beginning, be thrust radially outward, i. e. too near the circumference of the drum, and will consequently be unable sufficiently to approach the center of the machine. u

In order to obviate these dis-advantages the invention also contemplates the use of a barrel shaft for the support of the beaters, the latter being inserted through openings formed in fittings secured to the hollow or barrel shaft and in this position rmly secured thereto in any suitable manner. This method of fastening and particularly the embodiment herein set forth avoids the above enumerated objections. Y

With the above and other objects in view the invention consists in the construction, combination, and arrangement of devices hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 shows the rear end of an axial thrashing and straw reducing machine, partly in side elevation, partly in vertical longitudinal central section;

Fig. 2 is a section on line II-II of Fig. 1 and shows the retaining disk; j

Fig. 3 is a section on line III-III of Fig. 2

Fig. 4 is a section on an enlarged scale, on line IV-IV of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a vertical longitudinal section through a. machine with a different type of beater shaft;

Fig. 6 is a section on line VI-VI of Fig. 5

Fig. 7 shows a jack for securing the beators;

Fig. 8 is a section on line VIII-VIII of Fig. 7.

In the drawings, l is the drum of the machine whose beater shaft 6 is supported in the bearing 53 in front of the discharge of the machine. Fast on the free end of the shaft is a retaining disk 49 which may, however, be axially movable or adjustable thereon; the disk rotates inside of a cap or end housing 52 and closes the rear end of the cylindrical machine drum, leaving, however, an annular space 6l.

The part of the disk carrying the conical rim 50 is connected with the hub 63 of the disk by means of several short spokes 62, thus forming sector-shaped openings 64 near the shaft 6. On the side facing the interior of the drum each of the spokes 62 carries a blower-wing which will, during the operation of the machine, promote the entrance of air into the machine through the openings 64.

In order to prevent chaff from being drawn in, the disk 49 carries on its rear side a eoaxial hollow cylinder 66 extending through the cap 52 and thus shutting off the openings 64 from the interior space of the cap.

The hollow cylinder or suction pipe 66 is connected to a conduit 69 of smaller diameter leading to the discharge pipe 67 of a delivery elevator 68, the connection consisting of a funnel 70 which surrounds the inlet opening ofthe discharge pipe like a cap and may be adjusted on the conduit 69 byv mea-ns of a sleeve 71, thereby to control the space left between the suction pipe and the funnel. According to the position of the funnel more or less air, or none at all, will pass into the suction pipe 66 at the place of connection.

Below the aspirating hole 72 of the conduit 69 there is a step formed by two plates 7 3, 74 provided in the discharge pipe 67 and leaving between them a slot communicating with the atmosphere. The cleaning `material, which is fed to the upper plate 73 by the elevator will flow down uponthe lower plate past the slot 75. 77 is a partition which serves to distribute the cleaning material delivered by the buckets, evenly upon the up- ;per plate 73. The lower plate 74 is adjustable, thereby enabling the width of theV slot 75 tobe changed. By meansof a'iiap 7 8the material arriving from the plate 74 will be directed to eitherone of the discharges'79,

over which the sacks to be `filled are hung by means of holding devices indicated by the hooks 76.

The retaining disk 49 is provided on its rear side, near the rim 50, with blower wings which serve to drive the air escaping through the annular space, very rapidly through the discharge opening 8l of the cap 52 and towards the chopped-straw sieve S2; the chaff will thus once more be thoroughly loosened and caused to release any grains that may have been carried along.

The subject matter of the draft producing mea-ns within the end housing, such for example as the vanes 80, for directing and rapidly distributing the straw upon the sieve 82 is claimed in my application Serial No. 368,221, filed J une 4, 1929. f

The operation of the machine is as follows: While in operation the revolving working members of the machine, assisted by the wings 65, will draw in through the hollow cylinder 66, the air required at the exhaust end which, with the funnel 70 being adjusted close to the suction pipe 66, is drawn in through the opening 72 of the conduit 69. Before entering through the opening 72, the air will flow through the slot 7 5 formed by the two plates 7 3 and 74, where it will pass through the flow of falling grains, removing dust and other slight impurities from the latter. The degree of the cleaning effect will be controlled by adjusting the width of the slot 75.

Adjustment of the funnel 70 admits of the possibility of regulating the quantity of air entering between the funnel and the hollow cylinder or suction pipe 66 and joining the air flowing through the conduit 69. This may, for instance, be done in case only very little dirt is mixed with the grain, or in case the stream of the grain is so heavy that the quantity of air admitted to the opening 72 through the slot 75 will not be sufficient. Of course, nothing will prevent the whole quantity of air required to be taken from the slot formed by the funnel 7 O and the suction pipe 66.

Sieve like perforations may be provided in the two discharge plates 7 3 and 74, in addition to the air slot 75. This perforation of the bottom plates has the special advantage that small-grained admixtures, such as sand, seeds of weeds, and the like, which are carried along by the material to be cleaned, will fall through the perforations of the sieve. f

In the further improved form of my invention shown in Figs. 5-8, a hollow cylinder 84 is rigidly connected to the shaft 6 by means of disk-shaped hubs 83, the hollow cylinder serving as carrier for the thrashing and straw-reducing beaters 85, so that the thrashing shaft is in reality a barrel shaft. Its diameter equals substantially the inner diameter'of the openings 64, the air enter- "5 will they prevent the free flow of the addiwhich they are secured, for instance by rivets 87. Each of the jacks 86 has a projection 88 extending into the interior of the cylinder,

and two `

recesses

89, 90` arranged to form a T. .The recess 89 provided in the part of the jack extending into the barrel shaft, is intended to receive the shank of a beater, while the other recess 90, which is substantially contained in` the projection 88 extending into` the shaft, receives the foot of another beater..

The latter is pressed against the inner `wall of the recess 90 by means of a studbolt 91, the conical foot of which engages in a bore of the beater foot. The groove 92 4provided in the cylinder 84 so as to receive the pro-V j ection 88, is long enough for the beater lying in the recess 89 to be pushed on, in the direction of a chord, as far as the next following jack, the shank of the beater being held in the recess 89 by means of a wedge-piece 93; the back of this wedge is pressed against the beater shank while its wedge surface 94 c0- operates with a wedge surface 95 `of the jack, lying above the recess 90. The wedge 93 is heldin place by an extension 96 loosely embracing the screw bolt 91 and being operated upon by a screw-nut 97. j The square shank of this screw bolt 91 is shown at 98, and 99 is an aperture in the inner wall of the projection `88 lying just opposite the screw bolt 91. e 4 Y It will be seen that each beater is held in two places: by the foot and about midway the length of its shank; in case of stresses it will, therefore, show sufficient bending elasticity. Each jack in turn offers one place for fastening a shank and one for fastening a f-oot,`thus serving a twofold purpose. To remove a beater it is only necessary to loosen the screws of the jacks holding it.

. From the drawing it will appear that the jacks are rather low as compared to the diameter of the `hollow shaft. j They will, therefore,'be no` obstruction to the passage ofA the grain introduced intoV thefront` part of the cylinder through the intake 100; nor

tionalI air admitted through the openings 64 into the rear part of the machine. VThe Vnum-` ber ofA jacks applied in a transverse plane is not restricted to four.

lVhile I have herein shown `and preferred forms of my invention. I would have it understood thatI am in-no wise limit ed thereto, but thatother modifications may be `.Iliade ,in the` ferm, prepertion, and com` described struction of the several parts within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. An axial thrashing and straw reducing machine, comprising, in combination, a drum, an intake at one end, an outlet at the other end of the drum, fixed operative parts on the inside of the drum, a rotatable shaft Within said drum, revolving operative parts secured to the shaft and serving, in cooperation with the fixed operative parts, to thrash out and reduce the material to be treated; a retaining disk at the discharge end of the machine, said disk being fast on the shaft and leaving an annular space between its rim and the wall of the machine casing, a central opening in the disk for the admission of air, and spokes serving to connect said disk with its hub or with the shaft.

2. In a machine according to claim 1, a cap at the rear end of t-he machine, serving to receive reduced straw, said cap surrounding the disk at a certain radial distance and being provided with a lower outlet opening, a cylindrical coaxial extension on the rear side of the retaining disk, said extension surn rounding the air inlets in the center of the disk and extending through the rear wallof the receiving cap, thus serving as a suction pipewfor the air inlets.

3..Machine according to claim 1 in which the spokes of the disk are provided with members which further assist the propulsion of air through the openings in the disk.

.4. Machine according to claim 1, in which blower wings are fastened to the spokes of the retaining disk.

5. Machine according to claim 1, `with a cap at the rear end serving to receive the reduced straw, said cap surrounding the disk at a certain radial distance and being provided with a lower outlet opening, a cylindrical coaxial extension being provided in the rear of the retaining disk, said extension surrounding the air inlets inthe center of the disk and extending through the rear wall of the receiving cap, an annular space between the cylindrical extension and the rear wall of the receiving` cap.

6. Machine according to claim 1, having a conduit connected up to the central openreduce the material to be treated; a retanf.

ing disk at the discharge end of the machine, said disk being fast on the shaft and leaving an annular space between its rim and the wall of the machine casing, a central opening in the disk for the admission of air, spokes serving to connect said disk with its hub or with the shaft, a coaxial extension provided in the rear of said retaining disk and surrounding the air inlets in the disk center, thus serving as a suction pipe for the air inlets, a conduit being connected up to the suction pipe, said conduit serving as suction conduit for a device cleaning the grain by means of air forced to pass therethrough.

8. Machine according to claim 7, in which said conduit serves as suction conduit for a discharging elevator provided with devices for inducing a draught of air to pass through the grain being discharged.

9. Machine according to claim 7, in which said conduit serves as suction conduit for a discharging elevator, the discharge pipe of the elevator being connected to the suction conduit and having stepped discharge plates which allow air to pass between them, a partition being provided above the first discharge plate and serving to distribute the material to be cleaned and which has been raised by the elevator.

10. Machine according to claim 7, in which a regulating device is provided between the hollow cylindrical extension and the suction conduit connected thereto, said regulating device serving to admit additional air into the hollow cylindrical extension.

11. Machne according to claim 7, in which an air regulating device is provided between the hollow cylindrical extension and the suction conduit, the suction conduit being of smaller diameter than the hollow cylinder, said regulating device consisting of a sleeve movable on the suction conduit, a funnel shaped mouth connected to the sleeve, said funnel-shaped mouth being placed in front of the admission end of the hollow cylinder.

12. In an axial thrashing and straw reducing machine of the class described, a shaft mounted in bearings of the machine, a tube of considerably larger diameter fixed on the shaft, the arms of revolving operative members being inserted into this tube in the position of chords, each arm being secured to the tube wall at the two places where it passes through the latter.

13. Machine according to claim 12, having a fastening device at the place of passage of the beater arm through the wall of the barrel shaft, said fastening device having securing points for two beaters following each other in the direction of rotation.

Vrigidly connected with the barrel wall and serving as fastening device for two revolving beaters, two recesses in the jack arranged in T-shape, one of said recesses serving to receive the foot of one of the beater arms, and the other recess serving to receive the shank of the other beater arm.

15. In an axial thrashing and straw reducing machine of the class described, a barrel shaft, the arms of revolving operative members inserted in the barrel shaft in the position of chords, a jack provided at the place of the passage of the beater arm through the barrel wall, said jack being rigidly connected to the barrel wall and serving as fastening means for two revolving beaters, two recesses in the jack arranged to form a T, one of said recesses serving to receive the foot of one of the beaters, a stud bolt being provided in the jack and serving to secure the beater foot; the other recess serving to receive the shaft of the other beater, a wedge-piece being provided, serving to clamp said beater shank in its position.

16. Machine according to claim 15, said wedge-piece loosely embracing the stud-bolt, a nut on the latter serving to hold the wedgepiece firmly in its place.

17. An axial thrashing and straw reducing machine including a drum and a rotatable shaft therein, a retaining disc at the discharge end of the machine said disc being fastened on the shaft and an annular space being provided between the peripheral edge of the disc and the wall of the machine casing, said disc having a central opening for the admission of air.

18. An axial thrashing and straw reducing machine of the character set forth in claim 17 wherein a rearwardly extending conduit member leads to the central opening.

19. An axial thrashing and straw reducing machine of the character set forth in claim 17 wherein the disc is provided with a rearwardly extending conduit-like member leading to the opening therein.

20. An axial thrashing and straw reducing machine of the character set forth in claim 17 wherein a rear end housing is provided around the disc to form a receiving chamber in the rear thereof, said housing having an outlet.

21. An axial thrashing and straw reducing machine of the character set forth in claim 17 'wherein a rear end housing is provided around the disc to form a receiving chamber in the rear thereof, said housing having an outlet, and a conduit-like member passing through said rear end housing and leading to the opening in said disc.

22. An axial thrashing and straw reducing machine including a drum and a rotatable shaft therein with working members thereon, an end closing disc having an air suction opening at the center thereof, a grain passage and means for passing the grain therethrough, and means for passing air across said passage and through the grain and leading it to the opening in the disc.

23. In a machine of the character set forth in claim 22 wherein regulating means is provided for controlling the iow of air across said passage and into the machine.

24. A machine of the character set forth in claim 22 including a regulating device at the intake leading across the grain passage and a second regulating means at the entrance into the machine.

25. A machine of the character set forth in vclaim 22 including a rear end housing providing a receiving chamber beyond the disc with a conduitlike member extending through said housing and forming part of the means for conducting air to the opening at the center of the disc.

26. A machine of the character set forth in claim 22 including a rear end housing providing a receiving chamber beyond the disc with a conduit-like member extending through said housing and forming part of the means for conducting air to the opening near the center of the disc.

27. In a machine of the character set forth inclaim 22 wherein the means for passing the grain through the passage includes an elevator carrying grain from a receptacle beneath the machine.

28. An Vaxial thrashing and straw reducing machine including a drum and a rotatable shaft therein, a retaining disc at the discharge end of the machine, the periphery of said disc being spaced from the wall of the machine caslng providing an annular space, the disc having an opening independent of said annular space for the admission of additional air, an end housing forming a receiving chamber to the rear of the disc and a conduit-like member passing through said housing and leading to the opening in the disc.

29. A machine of the character set forth in claim 28 wherein means are provided for regulating the admission of air to said conduit.

30. A machine of the character set forth in claim 28 wherein the conduit-like member rotates with the shaft.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

FELIX SCI-ILAYER.