US1735463A - Oil-burning apparatus - Google Patents

Description

OIL BURNING APPARATUS Filed July 8, 1927 2 "sheets-sheet 1 /w//fm @yam/m S mx Patented Nev. 12, 192e maar WILLIAM G. JOHNSTON, or rnrLADnLrHrA, rnNNsYLvAN1A,A-ssrenon 'ro 4ci-IA-RLris B. DOWNS, or PHILADELPHIA, lrnNNsYLvANIA OIL-BURNING APEARATUS Applcaton'r'led July 8, 1927. Serial No. 204,177.

The principal object of the present invention is to provide oil burning apparatus, including a mechanical atomizer, and adapted without replacement of any of its parts to operate successfully and satisfactorily for different hourly capacities bythe simple operation ofadjusting the oil feed. notherY object ofjtheinvention is to afford convenience in changing from oil to solid fuel. Another object cf the vinvention is to prevent dripping or leakage of oil when the burner isextinguished. v i,

Other objects of the invention will appear from the following descriptionand'it may be said that the invention comprises a number; of specially constructed elements rcoopera-ting` for the production ofthe results above indicated.A 'i The invention also comprises the improve,- inents to be presently described and finally claimed., l l

Inthe drawings Figure l is a view partly in'section and partly in elevation illustrating oil burning apparatus embodying features of the invention in application to the combustionl chamber of one form of heater or furnace selected from others for the sake of illustration.

Fig. 2 isa longitudinal central section ofv the mechanicalatomizer shown in Fig. l but drawn to an enlarged scale.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged `sectional view of the headed stem shown in Fig. 2 and ofthe plate with which it cooperates.

Fig. 4 is an end view of the head of the vstem showing spiral cuts on the conical projection.

Fig. 5 is an exaggerated view similar to Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged end view of the pump shown in Fig. l and illustrating a bleeder connection for the oil line, and

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the pump shown in Fig. 5.

The mechanical atomizer is provided with a cavity l, Fig. 3, of conical frustum form7 and the cavity is provided through its smaller base with an orifice 2. Arranged in the cavity is a conic projection 3 provided near its base with spiral cuts 4. The apex of the projection 3 is arranged inthe orifice 2,' clear of the wall thereof, whilst the body of the 'i conical projection is spaced ever so little from the conical wall of the' cavity; In this way and by this means ,drip from theatomi'zer is prevented as will be hereinafter'described and the spiral cuts 4 carry ai swirlof" the oil right up--to the orifice 2. I

' y5 is the body ofthe mechanicalatomizer.r 6 is a plate' inwhich the cavity and rorifice are provided and it may well be` of hardened steel. l7 is a headed stem and it carriesthe projection 3. The head 8 of the stemis'provided'with axial oilslots 9"which extend generally tangent to the vbaseof the conica-l projection and are'aligned'withythe vcuts 4.- `The stem is acted upon'V by aspring 11v and oil is supplied by the inlet12 and finds'iits way past the head lf3 through` the provision of suitable openingsor clearance. The end of stem 7 restsupon the-faceoftheplatel 6.y

The ty between the wall of the conic projection 3 and the wall ofv the orice` 2 and cavity 1j is'such that thereis provided a film of oil sullicientto preventk dripy whenY there is no 'pressure on theoil in the body :5 of the atomizerbut wheny pressure is'applied to the oil in the ,body of .theatomizer the increase in pressure on'the film is sufhcient to expel vit in the fo'rm of vapori The philosophy of the action of the spring 11 is not quite clear. It is known that if the spring be replaced by a threaded vspindle andthe .parts beadjusted in the manner described-'the operationis satisfactory for several'hours only. It issreasonable to suppose'that the spring: operates uns der variations of `pressure or clogging of a temporary nature inthe space provided between the wall of the` cavity l'. andthe wall of the conic projection 3'A where the film ofy oil isp-rovided to'maintain the described moving or flowing film. lnasmuch as the structure'? isbalanced under pressure-the springfappears y fired with solid fuel.

mechanical atomizer other elements are required and they vvill be referred to. 14 is an atomizer chamber in Which the atomizer is arranged, and this chamber is applicable to the doorway of a combustion chamber A having an air intake B as a means for supplying air for combustion in the combustion chamber. As shown the chamber 14 is applied to the entrance of the doorway of a heater 15. This has an advantage in that the chamber Vstructure 14 can be .removed and replaced by the door of the furnace Whichcan then be .Another of the elements referred to is means forpermitting indrafts of air around the atomizer and into the atomizer chamber 14 and thence out though the offtake of the heater. AsshoWn pressure oil' supply of which the capacity may be variously set, and it is a feature of the invention that Within Wide limits the apparatus Wlthout any alteration vvhatevervvill properly atomize and burn oil supplied in different quantities per hour, so vthat the appa- `ratusas a whole and by merely adjustingV the amount .of oil suppliedV per hour can besuccessfully used'vvlth a varietyof combustion apparatus of Which the furnace15 is an eX- ample., The motorl driven oil pump 17 in- 'cludes a pressure delivery pipe 18, to the delivery pipes 19 and 2O of the pump cylinders and Vpistons which are operated alternately through very short strokes Vby the mechanism 21 contained in the crank case 22.

There is a valved bleeder connection 23 from the pipe 18 to the crank case so that by operating the valve 24 the quantity of oil supplied perv hour to thek atomizer can be adjusted With regard to the-size of the heating apparatus represented by the furnace 15. The crank case is of course connectedv back to Y the oil supply and the oil supply is properly stood by those skilled in the art.

cleaned or filtered ally of which is Well under- 25 is a lighter. 26 is the oil intake connection for v'the pump. j From the foregoing description it is evident that there is provided a very thin film of oil close up to and 'at the end' ofthe atomizer which confronts the combustion chamber. @il or Huid fuel in such a thin film is readily cracked with deposition of carbon by exposure to its containing Walls to high heat and of course deposition of carbon interferes .With and puts the atomizer out of commission. The provision of the chamber 14 or atomizing chamber permits of the spacing ofk the atomizer at a considerable distance from the combustion chamber A, so that the lilm of oil may be-considerably removed from the heat of the combustionchamber but heat is radiated from the Walls of the chamber 14 and air entering through the tube 16 and "flowing onto the end of the atomizerp'rotects the film of loil therein from heatradiated from the Walls 14 as Well as from heat emanating from the combustion inv the chamber A. Air entering the tube 16 might be said to heat .insulate the tube 16 from the Walls 14, thus additionally insuring the film inthe atomizer against overheating. The airv for supporting combustion of the fog or mistdelivered into the combustion chamber A issupplied through Band up Vtliroughl-the grate 0f the heater. p n i It Will be obvious to thosefskilled in .the art to Which the invention relates that modifications may be made in details of construction and arrangement and in'matters of mere 90 form Without departing. from 'the `spirit/of the invention Which is not limitedv to Ysuch matters or Votherwise thanthe prior art and y the appended claim mayV require. y e

VIclaim: y v c l v. Oil burning apparatus' comprising a combustion chamber having an intake for air for combustion, a mechanical atomizer including .a plate having an orifice 1provided With a 'conical throat and'a spring pressed slotted head abutting on the plate and provided VWith conical projection, there beingat all times spacel provided kbetvveen'the 'Walls ofthe orifice and of the throat-and the Wall of the proJectlon, a chamber communicatmg'vvith 1105 the f combustion Vchamber and y in which the atomizerhis housed in spaced relation Vto the combustion chamber, and a tubular casing surrounding the atomizer and arranged for charge end thereof. v

WrLLIAM e. JoHNsroN.

the introduction of airA for cooling Vthe disleo

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