US1730893A - Method of and apparatus for determining the consistency of concrete - Google Patents

Method of and apparatus for determining the consistency of concrete Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US1730893A
US1730893A US121030A US12103026A US1730893A US 1730893 A US1730893 A US 1730893A US 121030 A US121030 A US 121030A US 12103026 A US12103026 A US 12103026A US 1730893 A US1730893 A US 1730893A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
consistency
concrete
indicator
determining
mix
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US121030A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Erich H Lichtenberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koehring Co
Original Assignee
Koehring Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koehring Co filed Critical Koehring Co
Priority to US121030A priority Critical patent/US1730893A/en
Priority to DEK103796D priority patent/DE501766C/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1730893A publication Critical patent/US1730893A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C7/00—Controlling the operation of apparatus for producing mixtures of clay or cement with other substances; Supplying or proportioning the ingredients for mixing clay or cement with other substances; Discharging the mixture
    • B28C7/02—Controlling the operation of the mixing
    • B28C7/022—Controlling the operation of the mixing by measuring the consistency or composition of the mixture, e.g. with supply of a missing component
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
    • G01N11/10—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material

Definitions

  • slump-test which involves the taking of the sample from the wet concrete after it has been mixed and allowing it to slump upon a surface. This test is not always uniform under varying admixtures and must be carefully interpreted to produce even fair results.
  • the instant in vention involves several broad and distinctively novel phases: firstly, a new method for determining the consistency of the concrete during the mixing operations; secondly, the determination of such consistency upon the basis of the impact force exerted upon an mpact receiving member; thirdly, the coordination of a water control with the consistency determining means; and, fourthly, the provision of means for preventing the discharge of the concrete until the proper consistency has been attained, or, from a different aspect, the provision of means to prevent the introduction of excess water until the particular batch being mixed has been discharged.
  • the principle of my present test method is based upon the observance of the fact that as the water content of the concrete mix increases, the physical condition of the mix changes rapidly and proportionately, so that by the association of an indicating device with a concrete mixing apparatus in such manneras to be acted upon by the material, it can readily be calibrated to determine the proper consistency for the particular work. Since this test is intended to be carried on during the mixing operation, the condition is, therefore, continuously indicated, no delays are lncurred for test purposes, and corrections may be readily made as to the watercement ratio without materially interfering with the operations.
  • Figure 1 is a side elevation of a mixing apparatus embodying my invention, certain parts being broken away and shown in section to disclose the details of construction;
  • Figure 2 is a fragmentary elevation showing a modifiedtype of consistency indicator for application to apparatus already in use;
  • Figure 3 is a fragmentary view, parts being broken away to show a modified form of indicator for use in determining the consistency of the concrete by the viscosity test;
  • Figure 4 is a detail view of the indicator disclosed in Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 1 showing the coordination of the water and discharge controls with the consistency indicator;
  • Figure 6 is a detail view of the contact members used in connection with the indicator disclosed in Figure 5;
  • Figures 7 and 8 are further modified forms of consistency indicators embodying the principle of my invention.
  • A designates the mixing drum of a conventional type of concrete mixer, said drum including the mixing blades B, the pick-up buckets C, and the swing or discharge chute D.
  • E is the supporting frame above which is located the usual water tank F and the water valve G therefor under the control of which the water is delivered to the drum through the pipe H.
  • Figures 2 and 4 of the drawings show a consistency indicator applied to such a mixer in the form of an attachment unit, such as might be employed where the mixer apparatus is not originally designed with this indicator incorporated in its construction, while Figures 1 and 5 disclose applications of the device as a part of the original equipment preferably. So far as the underlying principles are concerned these embodiments are considered to be equivalents.
  • the indicator unit attachment Upon the frame E, preferably at the discharge end of the drum, is pivotally secured at 1 an arm 2, the inner end of which extends within the adjacent drum opening and terminates in an impact receiving plate 3.
  • This plate is of a predetermined operative area and is either horizontal- 1y disposed or arranged at an incline, as shown in the drawings to be the preferred manner, so as to lie in the path of movement of the mix as it drops from one pick-up bucket to a lower bucket.
  • the opposite end of the arm 2 is formed with a pointer 4 which cooperates with a calibrated scale member 5, the indicia of which will determine the state of consistency in the operation of the device.
  • a counterbalanee or tensioning means is provided as an adjunct of the arm 2, in this instance consisting of a rod 6 connected by the link 7 to the arm and carrying weights 8 and spring 9, the tensioning naturally preventing undesirable vibratory oscillations of the indicator during mixing operation.
  • the pointer is normally on the too wet side of the zero mark of the scale and in case the materials are charged into the drum in an absolutely dry condition and the water is subsequently admitted, it is obvious that the impact of the dry materials on the plate 3 will not be suflicient to move the pointer from the too wet position to the zero point or to the too dry side thereof.
  • the pointer in this case will indicate too wet until suflicient moisture has been mixed with the materials to cause the particles to adhere to each other.
  • the indicator arm 2 is modified to the extent which will enable the plate 3 thereof to occupy a position near the bottom of the drum in the sump.
  • the viscosity changes, and in the rotation of the drum the pressure against the blade 3 causes the pointer 4' to move in relation to the scale 5.
  • the weight 8' and spring 9 act as counterbalance means and tend to restore the indicator to normal moperative position.
  • the indicator device is slightly modified to provide for the connection thereto of the link 12 which through the crank. 13 and the rod 14 transmits motion to the water valve 15.
  • the water valve is turned through the pressure exerted by the weight 8 and spring 9 and the supply cut off at the predetermined moment, whereupon the discharge chute may be shifted to discharge position.
  • I provide a locking means which operates to lock the chute against being swung to discharge position until the consistency is substantially correct.
  • a pawl 16 is pivotally mounted upon a bracket 17 in position to normally engage with the extension 18 of the crank arm 19 when the chute is in the mixing position.
  • the spring actuated core of a solenoid 20 is connected to the pawl 16 and said solenoid is included in an electric circuit 21 leading to the adjustable contact 22 mounted upon and insulated from the scale segment 5.
  • the pointer 4 of the indicator member carries a yieldable contact 23 grounded on the frame and arranged to coact with the contact 22 in the movement of the indicator member to close the circuit, thereby displacing the pawl 16 from the path of movement of the element 18.
  • the chute D is swung to discharge position. In this, or a similar manner, the proper consistency of the mix must be attained before the batch can be discharged so that I have, in conjunction with a consistency determining means, a control for the discharge action.
  • FIG. 6 I have shown in detail the type of contacts 22 and 23 employed herein, the last mentioned being a one-way acting contact so far as effecting the closing of the electric circuit is concerned.
  • one side of the contact is formed of insulating material so that on the return movement of the indicator the solenoid 20 will not be actuated to release the pawl 16.
  • This arrangement is subject to modification, as are also the other details herein disclosed, without departing from the spirit of the invention.
  • FIG. 7 is an impact receiving plate or member carried by a stem 3" of insulating material and yieldably mounted for vertical movements in the casing 25 at the end of the bracket arm 26.
  • the stem At its lower end the stem is reduced and surrounded by a spring 27, the tension of which may be adjusted by the nut 28 so as to take care of the variations in the consistency required for different works.
  • the stem Intermediate its length the stem carries a circuit closing collar 29 which is adapted to coact with the spaced contacts 30, 30, at one side, and the common contact 31 at the other side to which the leads from a battery 30 are connected.
  • circuits are arranged signal members or flags 33, 33, carried by the cores of the respective solenoids a: and 1 these flags appearing at their associated windows 34 in the easing 35 when the solenoids are energized in the movement of the member 3 under the action produced by the impact of the cement mixture thereon.
  • Figure 8 is simply a further adaptation of this idea used in Figure 7, as designed for either a liquid medium or air.
  • the medium is contained in the collapsible head 25' beneath the impact plates 3 and is forced through the conduit 26 to the indicator tube 35 in which is mounted a colored ball float, the position of which indicates the state of the consistency.
  • the method of determining the consistency of concrete which consists in causing the mix of concrete to move at a predetermined rate, placing in the ath of the moving concrete an indicator member having a given operative area, and movable under the action of the movin concrete and determining the consistency of the concrete from the resistance offered by said member.
  • the method of determining the consistency of concrete which consists in disposing a yieldable indicator member of a given operative area in the path of movement of the concrete during the mixing operation, ascertaining the deflection of said member, and determining the consistency of the concrete from said deflection.
  • the method of determining the consistency of concrete which consists in measuring the impact force of a stream of wet concrete mix by a member movable under the action of the stream of concrete, and determining from the impact the consistency of the concrete.
  • the method of determining the consistency of concrete which consists in causing a mixing action of the aggregate materials and water, causing such admixture to impinge upon an indicator incident to this mixing action, and determining from said indicator the consistency of the concrete.
  • the method of determining the consistency of concrete which consists in causing a mixing action of the aggregate materials; supplying water thereto; subjecting an indicator device including a member movable under the mixing action of the concrete, the deflection of which indicates the water content, to the moving materials; and cutting off the supply of water when a predetermined amount of the same, as indicated by the device, has been incorporated.
  • the method of determining the consistency of concrete which consists in causing a m1x1ng action of the aggregate materials; supplying water thereto; subjecting an indicator device including a member movable under the mixing action of the concrete, the deflection of WlllCll indicates the water content, to the moving materials; and maintaining the mixing action until the indicator device indicates the proper water-content ratio has been reached.
  • the method of determining the consistency of concrete which consists in causing a mixing action of the aggregate materials; supplying water thereto; subjecting an indicator device, the deflection of which indi cates the water content, to the moving materials; cutting off the supply of water when a predetermined amount of the same, as 1nd1- cated by the device, has been incorporated; and maintaining the mixing action until the indicator device indicates the proper watercontent ratio has been reached.
  • the method of determining the consistency of concrete which consists in cansing the mixing action of the aggregate materials, supplying water thereto under the control of a consistency-determining means, and preventing admission of excess water supply when the proper consistency has been reached.
  • the combination with a receptacle to receive the mix of consistency determining means associated therewith, including a movable chute member extending within the receptacle in position to be impinged by the mix, and an indicator device therefor.
  • a mixer In a concrete mixing apparatus, the combination of a mixer, water supply means therefor including a cut-off valve, a consistency indicator associated with said mixer, a discharge chute, locking means for preventing movement of the discharge chute until a predetermined consistency of the mix has been reached, and means operable from the indicator for operating the cut-off valve and the locking means.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
US121030A 1926-07-07 1926-07-07 Method of and apparatus for determining the consistency of concrete Expired - Lifetime US1730893A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US121030A US1730893A (en) 1926-07-07 1926-07-07 Method of and apparatus for determining the consistency of concrete
DEK103796D DE501766C (de) 1926-07-07 1927-04-13 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Messung der Konsistenz von Beton

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US121030A US1730893A (en) 1926-07-07 1926-07-07 Method of and apparatus for determining the consistency of concrete

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1730893A true US1730893A (en) 1929-10-08

Family

ID=22394053

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US121030A Expired - Lifetime US1730893A (en) 1926-07-07 1926-07-07 Method of and apparatus for determining the consistency of concrete

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US1730893A (de)
DE (1) DE501766C (de)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2629790A (en) * 1949-10-07 1953-02-24 Laing & Son Ltd John Apparatus for measuring and/or controlling the consistency of a paste or slurry
US2739797A (en) * 1952-07-24 1956-03-27 Maxwell F Kemper Method of and apparatus for mixing concrete
US2791120A (en) * 1952-07-28 1957-05-07 Harry W Dietert Company Sand controller
US2821079A (en) * 1955-05-16 1958-01-28 Stothert & Pitt Ltd Apparatus for measuring the consistency during mixing of concrete
US2888026A (en) * 1957-09-16 1959-05-26 Reserve Mining Co Automatic material proportioning system
US3463462A (en) * 1967-10-09 1969-08-26 Forest M Sarff Volume and consistency measuring mechanism
US4332158A (en) * 1980-05-09 1982-06-01 Osborne Howard S Slump testing device
US4900154A (en) * 1987-09-24 1990-02-13 Ingrid Hudelmaier Concrete mixer having means for determining the consistency of concrete mixing therein
US20040218462A1 (en) * 2001-05-23 2004-11-04 Stephens Anthony Leon Concrete delivery system
US20110029134A1 (en) * 2008-04-07 2011-02-03 W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Method For Monitoring Thixotropy In Concrete Mixing Drum
EP2296854A2 (de) * 2008-05-28 2011-03-23 Katzeff-Berman, Dully Messung des betonsetzmasses und steuersystem
US8746954B2 (en) * 2007-06-19 2014-06-10 Verifi Llc Method and system for calculating and reporting slump in delivery vehicles
CN104028160A (zh) * 2014-06-20 2014-09-10 张宇涵 一种机械辅助的液体配量装置

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2629790A (en) * 1949-10-07 1953-02-24 Laing & Son Ltd John Apparatus for measuring and/or controlling the consistency of a paste or slurry
US2739797A (en) * 1952-07-24 1956-03-27 Maxwell F Kemper Method of and apparatus for mixing concrete
US2791120A (en) * 1952-07-28 1957-05-07 Harry W Dietert Company Sand controller
US2821079A (en) * 1955-05-16 1958-01-28 Stothert & Pitt Ltd Apparatus for measuring the consistency during mixing of concrete
US2888026A (en) * 1957-09-16 1959-05-26 Reserve Mining Co Automatic material proportioning system
US3463462A (en) * 1967-10-09 1969-08-26 Forest M Sarff Volume and consistency measuring mechanism
US4332158A (en) * 1980-05-09 1982-06-01 Osborne Howard S Slump testing device
US4900154A (en) * 1987-09-24 1990-02-13 Ingrid Hudelmaier Concrete mixer having means for determining the consistency of concrete mixing therein
US20040218462A1 (en) * 2001-05-23 2004-11-04 Stephens Anthony Leon Concrete delivery system
US8746954B2 (en) * 2007-06-19 2014-06-10 Verifi Llc Method and system for calculating and reporting slump in delivery vehicles
US20110029134A1 (en) * 2008-04-07 2011-02-03 W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Method For Monitoring Thixotropy In Concrete Mixing Drum
US8764272B2 (en) 2008-04-07 2014-07-01 W. R. Grace & Co., -Conn. Method for monitoring thixotropy in concrete mixing drum
EP2296854A2 (de) * 2008-05-28 2011-03-23 Katzeff-Berman, Dully Messung des betonsetzmasses und steuersystem
US20110077778A1 (en) * 2008-05-28 2011-03-31 Dully Katzeff-Berman Concrete slump measurement and control system
EP2296854A4 (de) * 2008-05-28 2012-02-08 Katzeff Berman Dully Messung des betonsetzmasses und steuersystem
US8858061B2 (en) * 2008-05-28 2014-10-14 Dully Katzeff-Berman Concrete slump measurement and control system
CN104028160A (zh) * 2014-06-20 2014-09-10 张宇涵 一种机械辅助的液体配量装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE501766C (de) 1930-07-09

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US1730893A (en) Method of and apparatus for determining the consistency of concrete
US2709843A (en) Device for supplying to a foundry sand mixer water and sand in automatically predetermined proportions according to sand temperature
US2263797A (en) Timer for sand mixers
NO841955L (no) Fremgangsmaate og system for styring av betongblanding
US2854714A (en) Apparatus for measuring and controlling moisture content of material
US2273750A (en) Means for determining the consistency of concrete mixtures
US4332158A (en) Slump testing device
US3263971A (en) Automatic sampling means for asphalt plants
GB1584587A (en) Method of controlling the properties of a mixer
CN112341097A (zh) 一种用于超深基础的高抛免振混凝土的制备方法
US2527147A (en) Master batcher
US2044017A (en) Apparatus for proportioning and weighing batch weights
US3092882A (en) Apparatus for measuring and controlling moisture content of materials
US1898890A (en) Concrete mixometer
US2958107A (en) Method for automatic moisture control in foundry sand supplies
USRE21169E (en) Weighing apparatus
US2066012A (en) Weighing apparatus
US3151368A (en) Rotary screen moldability controller
US2658731A (en) Recording device for concrete mixing drums
US3117640A (en) Apparatus for mixing concrete
US1923151A (en) Automatic central mixing plant
US2509692A (en) Automatic vicat control of mold
US2930569A (en) Apparatus for measuring charges of comminuted material
US1470806A (en) Gelatin tester
US2629790A (en) Apparatus for measuring and/or controlling the consistency of a paste or slurry