US1729794A - Injector ptjmp - Google Patents

Description

. Oct. 1, w29. F. NEWNH'AM ET AL' @97299794 INJECTOR PUMP Filed Aug. 17, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 `Patented Oct. 1, 1929 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FRANK NEWNHAM AND HENRY C. TURNHAM, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA- INJ'ECTOR PUMP Application led August 17, 1926. Serial No. 129,807'.

This invention relates to a means for elevating liquids from deep wells and it has particular reference to the recovery of oil by hydrodynamic means, and to a device for imparting velocity to a moving body of fluid and utilizing the velocity in entraining and carrying fluids from a well.

The prime object of the invention is to provide a simple and efficient device for carry- ]o ing fluids from great depths, a device which is entirely free from any active parts which are dependent entirely upon constant movement or operation; to provide a simple means for removing from deep wells the fluids contained therein by the action of a similar or dissimilar fluid in controllable motion, and to provide an economical means which may be controlled in point of efficiency of production from the ground surface so that a maximum or controllable quantity of fluid may be caused to be removed from a well.

A further object of the invention is to provide a device which may be operable by iiuid pressure to entrain and carry upwardly a body of oil, wherein and whereby the fluid used in the generation of pressure and consequent velocity may and will support the casing and, regardless ofthe exhaustion of oil from the oil sands, prevent any collapse of the casing.

A further object of our invention is to provide a means for entraining and carrying oil out of wells which may be out of plumb and which for this reason impair greatly the eiiiciency of standard pumps now in general use.

A further object of our invention is to provide a device of this character in which a steady, continuous and even flow of oil may be effected through thedischarge pipe, as distinguished from the usual intermittent flow produced by the reciprocating action of the present pumps, and thereby maintaining open the pores of the oil sand.

Another object of our invention is to provide a fluid lifting means which will not be affected by the detrital or sandy portions contained in the oil.

Another object of our invention is to provide a means for entraining fluids from deep wells, that will satisfactorily cope with the water problem in oil wells, especially where the water is in excessive quantities, and prevent the occurrence of water strata in the oil string whereby the oil does not have to travel through the water.

The invention consists broadly of means arranged for disposal in the oil string and constructed to divide a fluid column under exterior pressure into a plurality of velocity j ets which are upwardly directed, whereby the standing or gravity valve commonly used is relieved of any superimposed pressure, and the jetted oil or fluid is caused to move up wardly and away from the valve. By this upward movement of a fluid column under the varying velocities imparted by the etting of the pressure column, and the relief of any gravitational pressure upon the valve, the oil rising from the oil sands is enabled to lift without much power force, the standing valve from its seat and to pass freely in a steady flow into the Zone of the velocity'jets, by which the production oil is entrained and immediately carried upwardly and continuously with the rising column.

The invention is shown in one of its preferred forms in the accompanying drawing which is exemplary only and may be modified in many respects without deviating from the nature of the invention. ln the drawing Fig. l is an elevation of a device embodying our invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view on line 2-2- Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an elevation, partly in section, the section taken on line S-S-Fig 2.

Fig. 4 is a top plan view, and

Fig. 5 is an elevation showing our invention as installed for operation.

Our invention relates generally to the entrainment of oil from a well by a fluid under pressure, and for this purpose is shown to include a pump l for forcing oil or other fluid into a well casing 2, in which is disposed the oil string 3. In operation, the oil string 3, is provided with a. packing 4 immediately above the perforations 5 in the casing 2 to necessitate the travel of oil from the sands through the oil string 8 instead of between the oil y resultant maximum entraining force for the production oil, we have devised our present invention, which is designed to j ,et the pressure column which, owing to the velocity increase bt Ithe lcolumn ascending the voil string, entrains 'and carries with the oil 'risifns from tho E.oil Salido '1T his een@ 1S .elf- :ragod 'to sonoros@ o? Part Lof 'the 0.1.1 Struts lokod oomiorios te@ ports 'oaol Stlzootors ,110W et'ailed.4

l Referring with particularity .to theernbodigrnent'o'ftheinvention shown in 'the drawings,

'.6 ,oro 7 toorootirly designato Slootioas which compose the essential `parts of cylinder or shell, ,these two parts being conjoined by an Ainterior hollow cylindrical coupling `8, which associat'es .the sections6I and? `by threaded engagement, and which .provided with gnideyvays 9 for a gravity valve 10, ,that 1s ,arranged to .fit upon .on ooeolor .Seat ,1l lo tho section `and to be moved by the passage of ,oil from .the oil sand therethrough. 'This valve 10also prevents the b acklow of Lany oil intoithe oil sands. The sections ,6 and re- .,Spectiyelly .are threaded for coupl; g or c on- `nection with the oil string `above t e packing said section 6 of the cylinder and immediately abovesaid coupling 8 is tightly `'open ended cylindrical chamber 12,

provided at or near the bottom thereoil with a horizontal rib `13 liavino a passaogewayv 13 enteriding longitudinally tjherethroiigh. The

respective inlet ends of v saidi V,pas sageway taper-.inwardly are arranged in register iyith tapering Vp orts li p reovided .tho olloll .or .Cylinder 16-1 A loon@ .1li is provided centrally in said passageway and Vis secured manydesirable manner in said' vrib 13, ,this cone functioning as a vdeflector for the fluid .otroemo .nftovins through ,tho porto Mood passageway 1 3; The said cylindricalchalnber 12 is provided with a transverse web 17 rhioh airports a plurality of .Surooosoot vertically alined converging and diverging tubes 18, 19 and 20, the tubes being relatively spacedand the divergent portions of the tubes communicating with openings 21 and 22 vided ,in .the web 17 of said ycylindrical chamber'. `Eachof the ytubes 18,19 and 20 has the shape common yto Venturi tubes, that is, ,they comprise two truncated conesv joined in their smallest diameter by a throat. *Eachot the l superlirnposed tubes varies `si'e 'from' the bottom tube 1.8 to thel top tube 120. seep in Fig. 2, th convergentl portion '18of the ,ver

lower tube 18 communicates directly with the passageway 13 in the rib 13 and is disposed immediately above the cones 16, which diverts the fluid inliowing through the ports 14 into said divergent portions 18', the fluid then continuing to travel upwardly from tube to tube with cumulated velocity, and eventually escaping from the divergent portion 20 of the upper tube 20, ent-raining with it the increment oi oil or fluid rising trom the oil sands under the normal well pressure aiigmented by the suctional force engendered by the jetting action initiated by the tubes. Thisy discharge ofthe Huid trom the upper tube 2D .Occurs in `the'convergent portion 23 of a Venturi tube 23, which is disposed cenof yshell ,and which isfconnectd by' a membrane 24 with the ,cylindrical body 24, that is tightly fitted within the shell ,6. fue, ,alle oe .provided wie nepote; ses into which the web 17 iS-@arranged t@ el, as

vShown in Fig. 2, thereby tp peyem rotan@ movement .of ,Said tube: It is formed with e .Clivorsont portion 28 Whioll'o' conjoined in tho nar13owosilliametor with a short thro at 235 and ,if Supported fflzooly and ooiitrally [of the shell 6, by the lin (,llflbrane A24 as leiqnlained. The Vftub ,e"2" is surrounded by upwardly tapering nozzle 2,5 ldiametrically y larger than the tube 23 and terminating shortfoffthe yend thereof. 7 2S ai d taper nozzleV 2 5 'isI providedy on thefoutside thereof with a'pluralityi of wide, but lshallow longitudinal grofoves '25 taper ing in depths upwardly, and the lower p ortions of sail grooves registering with p or'ts 26 providedinv the shell GL VThe tube 23, the

direct communication with ,thet onvergent tho/Shell .6 andalso over tho' ond of .the nozzle 25, the@ oonoroiotrls With 'the errer .ond .olif the grooves 25 to form equally spaced utlotS through vhoh tho pressure or ,operaties oil or iuid enters into the convergent portion 27 of the t u be 28.l Said tube28 is .provideid 0,11 the oLLfSiolov tlioroof'wh fa llilalitv not equally. opao'ofl grooves. 29; the' lower' oncle ,of whichare in clommitini'cation withports 3,0 provided inthe shell 6, and throiiglrvvhich ports the operating fluid iscaused to travel rpval'fly ,through .tho grooves 2 9. This ,tube 28 is'provided with a shoulder` 431f ofr engage* ment `.with a 's liroiulder 32 providedin the 4shell yor cylinder 6. The uppe'rpart of I the shell l'6,

which surrounds the .tubo QSSQQEQDrofGS Wit-.h

ried upwardly with the pressure oil used. Forthis purpose, as has been `pointed out, oil is forced downwardly into the casing 2, which is provided at a suitable point above the perforations in the casing with a packing 1,v which prevents the pressure or operating oil passing into the oil sands. The oil free from sand and grit isintroduced into the casing under pressure and isv relieved and escapes through the device disclosed, dividing the oil into a number of j ets `of increasing ve* locities. lVhen the casing is fully supplied with oil, the injector device and the oil string are also filled with the fluid. Now, as pre sure is exerted upon thefoperating fluid entraining column, the fluid, which is preferably oil or a fluid similar to the one which it is desired to entrain, is set in motion in an upward direction, the initial upward movement being directed by the cone 16, in the passageway 13', into which the pressure fluid enters through the ports 14 in the casing 6. The fluid directed upwardly by the cone 16 enters into the reduced portion of the gradually expanding frustrum of the cone 18, and

discharges at the larger end as much fluid as is received at the smaller end but with increased velocity. The discharge of the fluid from the tube 18 occurs in a space 21, in the web 17, and in direct line with another tube 19, from which again the fluir discharges at increased velocity and from the last named tube 19 the fluid passes upwardly into the space 22 in the web 17 and into another tube 20 which is disposed in direct line with the discharge end of the tube 19. Since the upward discharge of fluid from each of the superposed tubes 18, 19 and 20 is attended by increasing velocities, dependent in intensity upon the pressure exerted by the operating column, the fluid within and filling the cylinder 12 is also carried upwardly by the velocity jets issuing` from the tubes 18, 19 and 20, thereby continuously removing the fluid from the stand valve 10 and permitting the oil from the oil sands to pass up freely into the injector pump. The upward movement of the oil column under pressure and under the velocity initiated by tubes 18, 19 and 20, produces a suctional force which inducts and as` sists in lifting the oil from the oil sand, and causes it to be entrained with the velocity oil. The velocity oil, or fluid, which we term the introduced oil or fluid, after leaving the cylindrical chamber 12 and the upper tube 20, passes into the enlarged vertically disposed tube 23 by which again the upward moving oil is so to speak boosted by the velocity engendered in passing through the Venturi tube 23. Part of the oil or fluid which is in the nozzle 25 is entrained or drawn into said tube by the oil passing therethrough, but the major portion is caused to move upwardly by the oil escaping from the tube and by that oil which enters into the tube 28, through the grooves 25 in the outside of said nozzle 25 and ports 26 in the shell 6. From the tube 23 the oil or fluid discharges into vthe enlarged Venturi tube 28, and from there, under increased velocity into the oil string 3, being assisted and augmented in the velocity of its travel by the plurality of jets which are caused to pass through the ports 30 in the easing, and through the grooves 29 and outlets 29 provided on the outside of said tube 28. Thus is provided a plurality of nozzles of varying diameters, capacities and sizes for j etting the pressure fluid and thereby causing an increment of oil from the oil sands to be entrained and Carried upwardly, in a continuous and uninterrupted stream.

`What we claim, is:

1. A device for elevating liquids from wells comprising, in combination with a casing, a

hollow body formed at the respective ends thereof with means for attachment to a pipe string and provided interiorly thereof with a plurality of superposed Venturi tubes of progressively increasing diameters, said body having ports leading into said Venturi tubes and ports communicating with the inside of said body and outside the upper Venturi tube, means to supply a fluid under pressure to within said casing and outside said body to cause the fluid to enter therespective ports and travel upwardly through said Venturi tubes, means to seal the pressure fluid within said casing, and a valve in said body to permit the upward flow of fluid from a well with the pressure fluid, and prevent the downward flow of the pressure fluid.

2. A device of the character described comprising a hollow body formed at the respective ends thereof with means for attachment to an oil string, a chamber within said body and provided with a plurality of superposed Venturi tubes, said body having ports near the bottom thereof and said chamber having a passageway communicating with said tubes and ports, a plurality of diamet-rically larger tubes above said first named Venturi tubes, and a nozzle within said body and surround ing one of said larger tubes, said body having ports through which fluid is conveyed on the outside of said nozzle to within said larger tubes.

3. In a device of the character described, the combination with a hollow body arranged for connection with an oil string, provided near the respective ends thereof with ports, and with a seat near one end of said body, a valve on said seat, a chamber in said body provided with a plurality of centrally supported, vertically alined Venturi tubes of varying diameters, and having a transverse passageway above said valve and in communication with the ports near the lower end of said body, said passageway also in communication with the bottom Venturi tubes, a diametrically larger tube in the upper lli) part of said body, a nozzle surrounding 'said larger tube andA provided with exterior grooves communicating with ports in the upper part of the body, and a tube diametrically larger than said last named tube fitted within said body, said tube having a plurality of longitudinal grooves which communicate at the bottom withv other ports `providedin the upper part of the body.

4. A device of the character described comprising a cylindrical body formed for connection with an oil string, and provided in the bottom thereof withv a, valve seat, a valve on said seat, `said body having ports near the bottom and top thereof, a plu'-l rality of centrally disposed diametrically increasing Venturi tubes within said body, the lower `of whichV communicates` with the ports near the bottom of said body, and a nozzle withink the upper part of said body surrounding one of said Venturi tubes, and provided with longitudinal grooves, which communicate at the bottom `thereof with ports in the upper part' of said body. p

5. A device of the character described comprising a hollow cylindrical body having tapering ports near the bottom thereof and upwardly inclining ports near the top thereof, an open ended chamber fitting within said body and formed' with a horizontal passage way `which communicates with said tapering ports, a plurality of' superposed, vertically alined Venturi vtubes centrally ysupported within said chamber, the bottom tube being in open communication with said horizontal passageway, a centrally supported Venturi tube within said body and in line with the top of said superposed tubes, a nozzle surroundl ing and spaced from said Venturi tube and provided with longitudinal grooves which communicate at the bottomy with certainI of said upwardly inclining ports insaid body and a Venturi' tube fitting over said nozzle.

6. A device for elevating liquids comprising in combination with a casing for receiving a pressure fiuid',a hollow body having a plurality of ports near the bottom thereof to receive a portion of thepressure fluid, aplu rality of superposed Venturi tubesL ofprogressively increasing diameter centrally supported within said body, the bottom Venturi hands.

FRANK NEW NHAM HENRY C. TURNHAM.

` llO tube communicating with the ports near-'the bottom of saidf body, a seat formed in said body, a valve on said seat to permit the upward How of fluid from a welll and prevent the downward flow of the pressure fluid, and a nozzle withinV said body andl surrounding the upper Venturi tube, said? body having ports for leading about said nozzle the pressure fluid.

7 A device for removing fluids from wells comprising a cylindrical body having a seat near the bottom end thereof, a valve on said seat to prevent the flow downward? of any fluidwithin said body, saidbody havingfponts

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