US1727514A - Art of teeming ferrous metals - Google Patents

Description

ART OF TEEMING- FERROUS IETALS Filed Nov. 8, 1927 Patented Sept. 10, 1929.,

UNITED. STATES KARL V. MCCAUSLAND, F BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

ART OF TEEMING I ERROUS METALS.

Application filed November 8, 1927. Serial No. 231,918.

ing and tight closing of the nozzle during the teeming operation. Another object of the inventlon is to posiln tion a deoxidizing substance within the teem ing ladle in a manner such that it is useful for the dual purpose of preventing skull and deoxidizing.

A further object of the invention is to provide the substance in a form and relation such that it will be retained in position during its action.

In connection with the casting of ingots, the usual practice is to run the molten metal into the ladle and then teem it from the bottom of the ladle to the ingot mold. It IS well established in such practice that the best results are obtained when the temperature of the metal is as low as possible consistent with a free running condition. With this in mind, it will be readily appreciated that when the metal is tapped into the ladle, thefirst mass of metal coming into contact with the comparatively cold surface of the ladle bottom is very apt to be chilled sufliciently to reduce its temperature to the freezing mt and thus form a skull around the teemmg nozzle and the end of the stopper. Such formation seriously interferes with theproper manipulation of the'stopper, and quite often prevents the end of the stopper from seating tightly into nozzle orifice so that the flow of metal cannot be shut off. This condition highly objectionable inasmuch as it obviously prevents clean casting, increases scrap and is extremely dangerous .to the Workers.

I have discovered that the skull formation in the immediate vicinity of the nozzle may be eliminated, together with its attendant objections, by securinga substance .open or close the nozzle.

diameter of the ring being large enough or element around the nozzle, prior to the tapping operation, which will be quickly melted by the molten metal when it is tapped into the ladle. The substance to which I refer, may be aluminum, magnesium an al-- 5 loy thereof, or any other equivalent substance havinga comparatively low melting oint and wh ch, upon melting, will react wit the oxygen in the metal to generate heat.

An embodiment of my invention is illuse trated in the accompanying drawings where- 1n 1 Figure 1 is a vertical cross sectional view of the ladle with the substance in position around the nozzle of the stopper.

.F1gure 2 is a perspective view of the rin In order to practice my invention, utllize the usual type of teeming ladle as indicated at 1, having a nozzle 2, a stopper 3, and -an actuating handle 4, by means of which the stopper is raised and lowered to Before tapping any metal into the ladle, the aluminum or other substance 5 is placed adjacent the nozzle and securely held there so that it will not float upwardly upon the surface of the metal when the latter is tapped. In the preferred embodiment of my invention, I constructthe element 5 in the form of a ring which may be placed around the end of the stopper 3 the to fit over the stopper but small enough to prevent it from rising upwardly along the stripper viously as the molten metal is tapped into the ladle it will completel cover the ring. Due to the comparatively ibw meltin point of the ring and the comparatively hig temperature of the metal, the ring will be melted in a very short space of time. The fluid aluminum thus produced will mix with the surrounding metal, and the resulting mixture will have a freezin point lowerthan that of the metal alone. ilence, by lowering its freezing point in this manner, it is caused to remain in a free running condition. This condition is further insured by the reaction between the aluminum and the oxygen of the metal, inasmuch as such reaction gencrates heat and thereby actually causes a rise fore related;

The insertion of aluminum into teeming.

'ladles for the purpose of deoxidizing the molten metal which is contained or tap ed therein, is, of course, well known in t is art. In such practice however, no attem t heretofore, has been made to retain t e aluminum near the nozzle while it melted. As a result it has always floated on the sur-- face ofthe metal, and its melting had little or no effect u n the skull formation at the bottom of the adle. Obviously, however, my ring will form a part of the weight of aluminum usuall added for deoxidizi'ng purposes and, there ore, will fulfill the dual purpose of deoxidizing and preventing freezing as be- From the fore oing descri tion, it will be apparent that I ave devi a particularly simple and also'an efiicient means for preventing the freezing of metal around the stoppers of teeming ladles and one which can be usedupon, any standard type of ladle without necessitating the. alteration of its construction or. adding materially to the cost of manufacture either through extra labor or materials. Although I have illustrated and.

described a preferred embodiment of niy mvention, it is to 'be understood that can substitute any other equivalent substance in place of aluminum or magnesium. It is also to-be understood that various changes in the construction of my particular substance and the retaining means therefore can be made without departing from the spirit of my invention or the scope of the. appended claims.

- I claim as my invention:

1. In the art of teeming'metal a method of preparing a teeming ladle having a stopper controlled dischargenozzle for the teeming operation consisting in placing a metallic reducing substance having a-comparatively low melting point in the vicinity of the nozzle prior to tapping the metal to be teemed, into the ladle.

2. In the art of teeming-ferrous metals, a method of preparing a teeming ladle having a stopper controlled discharge nozzle for the teeming operation consisting in placing a metallic reducing substance having a'oomparatively'low melting point in the vicinity of the nozzle prior to tapping the ferrous metal into the ladle, and relatively maintaining the position of the substance until melted by said metal.

3. In the art of teemingv ferrous metals,

a method of preparing a teeming ladle having a stopper controlled discharge nozzle for the teemlng operation consisting in-placlng a metallic deoxidizin substance having a comparatively low me ting point in the vicinity of the nozzle prior to tapping the ferrous metal into the ladle.

4. In the art of teeming ferrous metals, a

method of preparing a teeming ladle havinga stopper controlled discharge nozzle for the teemm operation consisting in placin a body 0 aluminum around the nozzle en of the stopper prior to tapping the ferrous metal into the ladle.

5 In the art of teeming ferrous metals, a method of preparing a teeming ladle having a stopper controlled discharge nozzle for the teemm operation consisting in placing a body 0 aluminum around the nozzle end of the stopper prior to tapp' the ferrous metal into the ladle, and relatively maintaining the position of said body until melted by said metal.

6. In the art of teeming ferrous metals, a method of preparing a teeming ladle having a stopper controlled discharge nozzle for the teemm operation consisting in placing a ring 0 aluminum around the nozzle en of the stopper prior to tapping .the ferrous metal into the ladle, the internal diameter of said ring being small enough-to prevent it from rising upwardly along the stopper.

7. Teeming apparatus com' rising a ladel having a nozzle, a sto perf dr said nozzle and a ring stopper, sai ring bein composed of a metallic reducing substance aving a comparativelaced/on t e nozzle end of said i 8. Teeming apparatus comprisin a ladle hair? a stop r controlled no e and a lip tted on t e nozzle end of said stopper, sai ring being com osed of a metallic deoxidizin substance aving a comparatively low melting point with respect to the metal to be teemed.

9. A method of teeming metal consisting in placing and maintaining adjacent the sto ping controlled teeming opening, a met 'c reducm substance having a melting point lower tan that of the metal to be teemed and thereaftertapping and teeming the metal.

Intestimon whereofI afiixm si 'ature.

. kARL v. MoCA sLiim.

Images