US1727470A - Window construction - Google Patents

Description

Sept 10, 1929 G. w. LANCASTER. A 1,727,470

WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed Jan. ll, '1928 n 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 z/ 13 Jip-2,4 L /4 2,7

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WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed Jan. l1 1928 5 Sheets--Sheet 2 fltkez we q Sept. 10, 1929. G, W LANCASTER 1,727,470

WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed Jan. ll, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 @la z/ a Geary@ /Lafzeasa W MM am 61mm,

Sept. 10, 1929. G. w. LANCASTER WINDOW CONSTRUCTION 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Jan. ll

"Hlm 6606137@ WLa/zcasr Sept. l0, 1929. G. w. LANCASTER WNDOW CONSTRCTION Filed Jan. ll, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 alu Patented Sept. 10, 1929.

UNITED gsTATizis PATENT ,oi-Fica GEORGE W. LNGASTR, OF `RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

wiNDoW CONSTRUCTION.

Application led January 11, 1928.y Serial` No. 245,957.

This invention relates to window construccause these Windows are usually neither` coiinterl alaiiced, nor yprovided fwith any means to facilitate the raising and lowering thereof. The failure to counterbalance these Windows heretofore was dueto the very restricted space in which these Windows had to Work, to the ditliculty of assembling the counterbalancing parts in the built-up fraine-4 work of the vehicle, and to the diiiculty of gaining access to ther various parts of the window structure Whenever yitbecame necessary to repair or replace such parts. l

The main object of m y invention is therefore, to provide a Wint oW construction of the class described in which all the objectionable and dangerous features have been eliminated; and to this end I have provided a structure in which the sash, and screen connected thereto7 can be raised or lowered by mere linger pressure, and Will remain in any position to which it may be adjusted without the use of locking devices of any kind Whatsoever. p l y L A further object of the invention, yin the construction particularly adapted foruse in railroad Pullman cars, is to provide the sash With an overhanging sill lip, at the junction of the sash and screen, toserve as a rain shield when the sash is raised part-Way for ventilation. y

Another object of the invention, and of great utility in `Window constructions generally, is to provide the several movable counterbalancing parts with adjustable means to prevent rattle thereof. n i

Still another object of the invention is to provide window yconstructions ofthe stieet car type with shock absorbing mechanism to retard the abrupt descent of their and avoidinjury to the fingers of anyone` lowering the Windows.

`on the line 2 2 ofFigure 1;

.party shown in sashes i Other objects will appear as the detailed description appears.

In the drawings, f

Figure 1 is a fragmentary elevation of vthe preferred foi-in of window construction, with parts of the Window' enclosing structure 55 omitted to disclose details of construction which are normally concealed;

Figure 2 is a vertical transverse section Figure 3 is a top plan View of the window 60 construction shown in Figure l;

, Figure 4 is a horizontal section on the line 4-4of Figure 1;

Figure 5"s` a vertical transverse section` on' the 'line 5-5 of Figure 3; 65

Figure 6 is a perspective view of the preferred form ofi'vindow construction;

Figure 7 is a sectional detail of an anti? rattle adjusting device, shown moreclearlyy in Figure 6 to adiust certain elements of the 70 invention and prevent rattle; n

Figure 8 is a perspective view of part of the adjusting mechanism shown in Figure 7;

Figure 9 is a fragmentary transverse sectional elevation of the sill parts of the Window construction showing the Window in closed position; f i i Figure 10 is an elevation to an enlarged scale of the sash and screen shown in Figure 1; f f i Figure 11 is a vertical transverse section of the kline ll-llof Figure 10; s

Figure 12 is a perspective View of a spring plate used to maintain taut the Wire screeningof the slidahle screen;

Figure 13 isa fragmentary elevation'with section of a modification of a. Window construction adapted for use on street cars, busses, boats'izetc. Figure 14 is a verticaltransverse section 90 on the lines 14-14 of Figure 13;

Figure 15 is a fragmentary transverse vertical section lto an enlarged scaleof a shock absorbing mechanism for the window sashes used in a construction yshown in Figures 13 and f Figure 16'is a view similar to that shown in yFigure 15, but with the parts thereof shown in different positions;

Figure 17 is a horizontal transverse section on the line 17-17 of Figure 13; and,

Figure 18 is a fragmentary perspective view of the Stiles of the window construction shown in Figures 13 and 14.

The window construction illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 is the preferred form adapted' for use for Pullman railroad cars. As is wellknown in this art, the raising and llowering of the sashesv of Pullman windows requires the exercise of a great deal of brute strength, with the constant liability of the windows falling from raised positipn and injuring passengers, and of breaking the glass. To obviate this objection, I have provided a construction in which the sash and all other sliding elements connected thereto are `counterbalanced so as to avoid the necessity for using various kinds of spring catches which more often jamior fail to catch than `perform the function for which they are intended to be K used.

My construction comprises a glass sash 1, slidably mounted on opposite sides in weatherstrips 2 mounted in a 'circular recess 3 formed in the metallic jambs 4. The recess 3 is substantially circular and the weatherstrip 2 isyformed of light springy metal kshaped somewhat diierent from the recess 3 so that parts 5 thereof contact with a curved part 6 of the recess 3 to cause the curved end 7 ofthe weatherstrip 2 to bind yieldingly against the sides of slide strips 8 which are suitably secured to, or formed integral (as shown-in this case) with the Vchanneled members 9 in which the glass 10 is secured in any suitablermanner.

The sash 1 lhas an eyelet 11 secured to the center of the toprail .thereof and a chain 12 extends from this eyelet over a pulley 13 dey pending froma cross-member 14 (see Figure6) to be secured at its other end to a counterbalance weight l which is slidably mounted on rods 16r and 17.

The rods 16 and 17 are secured at their bottom ends to the soliit 18 of the window opening 19, and have their top ends suitably secured to the ends of rods 20, which are pivotally supported at one of their ends on a strap 21'eXtending betweenthe stiles 22r and 23 ofthe windowframe. In order to adjust the rods 16and 17, to prevent rat` tle of the weight 15, I have provided plates 24 and 25 secured to the top 'of posts 26 and,

27, respectively, by a slot and screw connection, whereby the plates24 and 25 may be adjusted to cause their lips 28 and 29 (see F igures7 and 8), to engage the rods 2O and move them in either direction toward or fromthe window jambs to move the rods 16 and 17 into such position as will prevent the rattling of the weights 15. Y

The weights 15 may be supplemented in their counterbalancing electby'weights 30 which has its and 31 (see Figures 3, 4, and 5, and particularly Figure 5), slidably mounted on rods 32 and 33 respectively in pockets 34 and 35 formed between the' window jambs and the supporting weatherstrip recess 3 is provided with a slot 36 throughout part of its length to accommodate an eyelet v37 (see Figure 5) which has oneend of a chain 38 secured thereto. The chain 38 extends around a pulley 39 rotatably mounted on an angle bracket 40 secured to the posts 26 or 27, as the case maybe, and has its other end secured to an eyelet 41 screwed into the upper end of the weight 30. The rods 32 on which the weight 30 slides are secured at their lower ends to crossplates 42 suitably secured in the pockets 34 and 35.

To the llower rail, and on the inside of the sash 1, there is suitably secured a spacer member 43, through which screws 44 pass to secure a screen 45 and a Weather-lip 46 to the bottom rail of the sash 1. The screen 45 is slidably mounted by its opposite Stiles in recesses 46 formed*A in the window jambs and moves up and down in these recesses along with the sash 1 and has its upper rail provided with a sash lip 47 to etfectthis up and down movement.

The screen is of special construction and is shown in greater detail in Figures 10 and 11. vThe wire' screening is provided around its edges with a bead 48 (see Figure 11) and the framework in which this screening is secured is formed of channeled rails 49, each of which has an inturned iange 50 adapted to receive onel edge of a spring blade 51 other; edge provided with a flange 52 adapted to seat against the bead 48 and press the screening outwardly toward the several rails 49. The spring blades 51 are normally straight but, when seated in the rail 49 as shown in Figure 11, become bowed in a yielding action on the screening 53 to keep it taut in all directions.` The upper rail of the screen 45 has the spring seated therein in several ysections in order to provide forthe passage of the screws 44 therethrough which secure the top rail of the screen to the lower rail and spacer 43 of the sash 1. v

It will be understood, of course, that the yseveral rails of the screen 45 may be detachably secured to each other in any suitable mannerk to provide for their assembling or disassembling when it becomes necessary to repair or replace thescreen therein.

The sash 1 has its lower rail 55 formed with a'weatlier-l-ip 56 adapted to fit against a corresponding recess 57 in the window sill 58. The lower rail is deeplyfchanneled to receive a block of rubber or `other suitable material 59, adapted to form a seat for the -glass`60 and through which the screws 61 may Vpass to secure the spacer strip 43 to the posts 26 and 27. The

lower rail 55. The upper rail 62 of the sash mayl be made in two parts adapted to be screwed together and one of which is detachable from the other to provide for the removal of and insertion of theglassff) in the sash. Any suitable putty or similar filler may be used to secure the glass properly in its `sash 1.

A shade 63 of the usual spring roller type is mounted on the spring roller 64 (see Figure 2) which is rotatably mounted in angle brackets 65 secured to the removable plates 66 which forms a cover for the window operating mechanism of this structure. The shade 63 has a lower stiiiening rod 67, provided at its opposite ends with detachable inturned slide members 68 adapted to slide in recesses 69 formed in the window jamb; each member 68 has one end thereof screwed to the stiifening rodl 67 and has its other end 70 inturned to ride in a beadlike depression 71 formed in the recess 69. By this construetion, the rod 67 is prevented from being' pulled away from the window jambs, and the members 68 can be readily unscrewed from the stiffening rods 67 whenever it becomes necessary to remove the shade from the window.

ln order to provide for the ready assembling and disassembling of the window construction it is necessary to form the whole frame structure in two longitudinal vertical sections, which can be readily secured to each other. This arrangement is shown in Figure 18 in which the window Jamb 1s shown as comprising two parts 72 and 73, the part 72 being provided with a lip 74 and a part 7 3 being provided with a lip 7 5. adapted to overlap the lip 74 and to be secured thereto by bolts or screws 74 countersunk into the lip 75 so as to present a iiush surface for the several sliding members of the window construction. The lips 74 and 75 are so arranged that when they are secured together the outer surface of the lip 75 will lie flush with the other parts of the window j amb.

lit will be understood, of course, that the various horizontal members of the window construction will be welded or otherwise suitably secured to these detachably connected stiles so that the parts of the window frame will be integrally connected and may be assembled by merely bringing the separate vertical parts together on opposite sides Ot supporting posts 26 and 27 and screwing up their securing elements 7 4. When the parts are thus assembled on the posts 26 and 27 the outer finishing plates 66, 76, 77 and 78 may be secured to the supporting posts 26 and 27 to cover all the rough construction work underneath.

Particular attention is directed to the weather-lip member 46 shown in Figures 2 and 9. It will be noted that this is a rather wide metallic plate shaped to conform to the shape of the baseplate or sill 79. lVhen in raised position, as shown in Figure 2, the weatherplate 46 forms a rain guard to prevent the ingress of rain through the screen 45 whenthe window is raised sufficiently to provide for slight ventilation of the interior of the car.

It will be apparent Jfrom the description so far, that I have provided a windowconstruction admirably adapted for use in Pullman cars, whereby the window and shade and screen may be very readily assembled and disassembled and may be adjusted into any desired position by mere finger pressure on the sash lip 47, and that when the sash is slightly raised, as is customary in the sleeping compartments of Pullman cars, the weatherplate 46 forms a very effective shield de vice for preventing rain or snow from being blown into the compartment 'through the screen.

The modification vshown in Figures 13 to 17 inclusive, is designed particularly for use in street cars, busses, boats, etc., where the windows are adapted to be lowered rather than raised, and where the space for screens above the window opening is too limited to permit the use of a sliding screen.

In Figures 13 and 14, the sash 80 is slidably arranged in weathstrips 81 mounted in the channel member 82 similar to the construction shown in Figures 1, 3, and 4, and the screen 85 has the bot-tom thereof secured to the top of sash with a spacing strip 84 arranged between a stiiiening plate of the screen and the top rail of the sash 80. A weatherplate 86 is secured to the plate 85 to form a lip adapted to seat over a corresponding recess 87 in the sill 88 of the window construction. The screen 83 is mounted on the spring roller 89, which in turn is rotatably mountedl in angle brackets 90 suitably seeured to the window framework 91. The stiffening plate 85 is mounted to slide in the recesses 92 formed in the window jambs.

The shade 93 is also mounted on a spring roller 94 having its ends pivoted in brackets 95 suitably secured to the wall plate 91 of the structural framework. The bottom of the shade has a stiilening rod similar in every respect to that shown in Figures 1 and 2 and the parts thereof are designated by similar reference characters in Figure 17.

The window sash 80 and the screen 83 are counterbalanced to a great extent by the springs of the roller 89, and this spring coupled Awith the frictional resistance of the weatherstrip is suiiicient to retain the window and screen in any position to which they may be adjusted. In order to prevent injury to the hand of an operator in lowering the sash of this construction, l have rovided a spring shock absorber 96 below t e window sill 88. This shock absorber comprises a rod 9T mounted at its opposite ends in brackets 98 and 99 secured to theinside of the channel member 82. A coil spring 100 surrounds the lower part of the rod 97 and has one end- Vcontact face of a spring 102 secured in the channel 90 in such position as to hold the 'window 80 yieldingly in its lowermost position and against the compression of the spring 100. The sash is shown in raised position in Figure 15 and in lowered position 1n Figure 16 with the spring 102 engaging the sleeve 101 to hold the sash lowered.

The objectof the last named construction is to prevent injury to the hand of the operator by sudden lowering of the sash as it will be apparent that the spring contacting with the sleeve 101 will prevent any violent contact between the. hands of the operator and the sill 8S of the window opening.

What l claim is:

1. A Window frame comprising a slotted head, a slotted sill, a pair of stiles, the slots of said head and said sill being offset laterally from each other, a sash slidable through the slot of said head, a second sash slidable through the slot of said sill, the top rail of the second sash being xed to the bottom rail of the first sash, and means connected to the top rail of the first sash to counterbalance both sashes.

2. A window frame comprising a pair of 'Stiles provided with parallel pairs of grooves, a head having a slot alined with one of said pairs of grooves, a sill having a slot alined with another pair of said grooves, a pair of sashes each of a size adapted to close the opening in said frame and having the bottom rail of one fixed to the top rail of the other, and means for Guiding the upper sash in-one of said pair of grooves andthrou h the slot in said head, means for guiding t ie `other sash in the other pair of grooves and through the slot in said sill, and means connected to the to sash for counterbalancing both of said sas ies.

3. A window frame having the slotl through the head thereof, and a casing above saidhead, a sash slidable in said frame and through said slot intosaid casinga rodsupported in said casing, a couterbalance weight slidably mounted on saidirod and means connecting said wei ht to said sash.

4. A wlndow rame having a slot through the .head thereof, and a casing above said head, a sash slidable in said frame through said slot into and out of said casing, a rod in said casing fixed at one end to the head of said frame and Pivoted at the other end to said casing, a counterbalance weight slidably mounted on said rod, means for connecting said weight to said sash, and means for moving the pivoted end of said rod to prevent rattle of the weight thereon.

5. A window frame having a slot through the head thereof and a casing above said head, a sash slidable in said frame and through said slot into and out of said casing, a pair of rods fixed at one end to the head of said frame and pivotally connected at their other ends to said casing, a weight slidable on said pair of rods and having a recess at the center thereof between said rods, a pulley fixed to the head of said casing, a cable passing over said pulley and having one end thereofl connected to the top of said sash and its other end connected to said weight at the center of its recess, and means for adjustlng the tops of said rods to prevent rattle of the weight thereon.

6. A window frame having a slot through the head thereof and a casing above said head, a sash slidable in said frame and through said slot into and out of said casing, a pair of rods fixed at one of their ends to the head of said frame and vertically arranged in said casing, a weight slidable on said pair of rods, a pulley fixed to head of said casing, a cable passing over said pulley and having one end thereof connected to top of said sash and its other end connected with said weight, said weight being provided with a recess to receive said pulley at the upper position of the Weight on said rod.

7. A Window frame having a slot through the head thereof and a casing above said head, a. sash slidable in said frame through said slot into and out of said casing, a pair of rods fixed to head of said frame and ar ranged vertically in said casing, a counterbalance weight slidably mounted on said rods, means connecting said Weight to the top of said sash, a pair of weights slidably mounted in said casing on opposite sides of the path of movement of said sash, and means connecting said pair of weights to the Sides of said sash near the top thereof, all of said weights co-acting to counterbalance said sash.

8. A window frame having a slot throughthe top ends of said rods to prevent rattle oi2 said weights on said rods. a pair of weights slidahly mounted in said casing on opposite sides el? said sash, and means connecting said pair of weights to the sides of said sash near the top thereof, all of said weights co-acting to counterbalance said sash.

9. A window frame having a sash slidably mounted therein, a weather-lip projeeting laterally from the bottom rail of said sash and having a down-turned flange on its outer edge to lap over the outer edge of the sill of said frame.

v10. A window frame having a slotted head,

a slotted sill and a pair of stiles connected to said head and sill, a casing above said head, a sash slidahly mounted in said frame to slide throughthe slot into said easing, a spring controlled shade mounted in said casing and having a stil-lening rod at the free end thereof, and means connecting the opposite ends of said rod to the stiles of said frame to prevent removal of said rod from said frame.

11. A window frame having a slotted head, and having grooves in the stiles thereof alined with the slot in said head, a casing on top of said head, a window shade mounted in said casing above said head and having the free end thereof provided with a stiltening rod, angle plates detachably secured to the opposite ends of said rod the upturned ends of said plates engaging recesses formed in a side of each of said grooves to hold the ends of said rod in slidable engagement with said groove.

12. A window frame having a slotted head and a slotted sill, a easing above the slotted head, a casing below the slotted sill, a glazed sash slidable through the slot of said sill and a spring controlled roller screen mounted in the irst named easing and connected to the top of said sash to counterbalance the sash in said frame.

13. A window frame having a slotted head and a slotted sill, a easing above a slotted head, a casing below the slotted sill, a sash slidable through the slot of said sill, a spring controlled roller spring mounted in the first named casing and connected to the top of said sash to eounterbalanee the sash in said frame` a spring in the lower casing arranged in the path of movement of said sash, and means in the lower casing adapted t o engage said sash and hold it yieldingly positioned in said easing against the pressure of said spring.

14. A Window frame having a slotted head and a slotted sill, a sash slidable through the slot of said sill, a spring controlled roller screen mounted in the first named casing and connected to the top of said sash to eounterbalance the sash in said frame, a coil spring in the lower casing mounted in the path of movement of said sash, a rod around which said spring is wound, a sleeve connected to said sash and slidable along said rod, and a spring cam plate adapted to engage said sleeve when the sash is forced into the lower casing' against the compression of said coil spring and to hold the sash yieldingly positioned in said lower casing against the compression of said coil spring.

In testimony whereof I allix my signature.

GEORGE WV. LANCASTER.

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