US1724574A - Incinerator - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 13, 1929- GRAVER 1,724,574

INCINERA'I'OR Filed March 17, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 va; 8.4M, x4 W MAMM G- M a I Q Gimme.

E. H. GRAVER INCINERATOR Aug.- 1-3, 1929.

Filed March 17, 1926 2:Sh96t$-$h68\ gmzntoz Patented Aug". 13, 1929,

FATS

FTENT EDWIN H. GBAVEB, OF EAST CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR T BELLE B. G-ELL1\TER, TRUSTEE, 0F CLEVELAND, OHIO.

INGINEBATOR.

Application filed March 17, 1926.

This invention is concerned with garbage disposal apparatus and more particularly, with incinerators adaptable for use in apart ment houses, hospitals, etc.

The general object of my invention is to provide an incinerator of the so-called chimney-flue type, which will be compact 1n 1ts structure and efficient in its operation.

A further object of my invention is to provide a garbage incinerator having incorporated therein ventilating features directed to the rapid drying and burning of garbage to be destroyed.

A still further object of my invention is the provision of an incinerator structure which may be combined with a pie-constructed chimney of standard construction whereby the chimney may be used as a garbage chute without any resulting clogging or obstruction of the incinerator or chimney.

Other objects of my invention will hereinafter become apparent from the following description referring to the accompanying drawings illustrating preferred forms thereof. The essential characteristics are summarized in the claims.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a chimney-flue incinerator embodying the features of my invention; Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional elevation taken along the line 22 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional elevation taken through the incinerator structure substantially along line 3-3 of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional detail of one of the drying bars embodied in my incinerator; Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional detail taken substantially along the line 5-5 of Fig. 4:; Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional detail taken along the line 66 of Fig. 1 and Fig. 7

is a modified form of an incinerator construction of a chimney-flue type embodying the features of my invention.

My invention contemplates an incinerator construction which if desired, can be incorporated in the chimney-flue structure of the building to be serviced by the incinerator. Generally speaking, in an incinerator of the chimney-flue type, the garbage and refuse materials to be destroyed by the incinerator are passed into the incinerator by discharging the refuse materials into the chimneyflue from which the materials drop directly into the combustion chamber of the incin- Serial No. 95,246.

erator. As is well known, refuse material such as garbage usually carries an extremely hlgh percentage of moisture which must be removed before the garbage will burn and to effect the drying of the refuse materials preparatory to burning, the garbage is deposited upon some form of shelf or grate above the fire bed of the incinerator. To prevent clogging of the incinerator while effecting the drying of the garbage, various methods have been used and I have not been unmindful of this requirement in developing my present form of incinerator.

With the foregoing essentials in mind, I construct my incinerator in such a manner that it may be associated with the building chimney but architecturally speaking, independently of the chimney flue construction so that, if desired, I may install the incinerator in cooperative association with the chimney flue of a building which had been originally constructed without provision for an incinerator. On the other hand, the preferred characteristics of my incinerator are such that the incinerator may be constructed to comprise the lower portion of the chimney flue of a new building, or be independent of such lower portion.

In Figs. 1, 2 and 3, I show an incinerator installation which structurally comprises an enlargement of the lower portion of the chimney structure. The incinerator proper has side walls 10 and 11 and a front wall 12 offset relative to the corresponding walls of the chimney 13, while the back wall 14: of the incinerator may comprise a continuation of the wall 15 on the chimney structure. Disposed within the incinerator portion of the flue is a fire grate 20, spaced a sufhcient distance above the foundation of the chimney to provide an ash pit 21. This grate may be of a well known dump type operated in any convenient manner exteriorly of the incinerator. The remainder of'the enclosed compartment formed by the incinerator walls comprises a combustion chamber, the actual combustion taking place in the region 22 (see Fig. 2) while the upper portion 23 of the chamber comprises a drying region for the wet garbage. To arrest downward movement of the Wet garbage as it drops from the upper part of the chimney flue and to spread it whereby it may be dried before dropping to the fire grate 20, I provide a bafile means as follows: Disposed intermediate the grate 20 of the discharge end of the chimney flue 24 are a series of tubes or hollow bars 18 and 19, mounted in the side walls 10 and 11 of the incinerator structure. These bars are of sufficient length to extend into the drying and combustion compartment to intercept the downward passage of garbage discharged into the chimney flue through the chimney doorways 20; the doors 20 being disposed at the various floor heights of the building structure. These bars are arranged in the manner shown in Figs. 2 and 3 to extend from opposite side walls in overlapping relation whereby the refuse will be impinged thereon and be distributed throughout the drying chamber before falling to the fire grate 20. As the garbage impinged on the various bars becomes dry, it will shrink or crumple and drop to the fire grate where it is consumed.

The air for supporting combustion and for furthering the drying of the wet garbage is passed into the combustion chamber by three separate arrangements. Some of the air to support combustion passes into the ash pit 21 through shutter openings 30, formed in an ash door 31, built into the front wall 12 of the incinerator and additional air is supplied to support combustion through passageways 32, formed in the side walls 10 and 11 of the incinerator immediately above the top surface of the fire grate 20. The effective area of these passageways may be controlled in any desired manner. Some of the air for drying the garbage may pass through shutter openings 84;, formed in a door 35, positioned in the front wall 12 a substantial distance above the fire grate 20 to eflecta more even distribution of the drying air. However, to assist combustion of some of the gases passing upwardly from the fire bed, I form the hollow bars 18 and 19 (see Fig. 4) somewhat after the structure of mixing tubes of gas burners with suitable shutters 40 controlling the inlet openings formed in the exteriorly disposed portion of the bars. These bars, as stated, may be hollow throughout and may also have a number of downwardly extending openings 41 and 12, formed along the underside thereof to effect an even distribution of the incoming air.

If desired, these drying bars may be mounted in the side walls of the incinerator in such manner that they may be agitated in the event any dried garbage fails to drop to the fire grate and to thereby dislodge the garbage. Such a mounting, as shown in Fig. i, may be in the nature of a ball and socket arrangement, whereby the bar may be swung in several directions in an agitating motion. Accordingly each bar may be pro- Vided with a ball rest l5 through which it slidably extends. The ball rest 45 may bear in a socket member 46, built into the wall structure of the incinerator in any suitable manner.

In order that the bars may be normally positioned horizontally, I provide a loose connection between the ball rest 45 and the bar proper in the form of a key member 47 which engages the ball rest in a slot 48 and a key member 50 which engages a slot 51 formed in the socket member. 'The slot 51 has a right angle branch 52 (see Fig. 6) whereby the bar and ball 45 may be turned to bring the key member 50 into this branch slot, thus conditioning the bar to support a lead on its inner end which is disposed within the drying and combustion chamber of the incinerator structure. It will be seen that this bar arrangement is also effective in preventing a clogging of the combustion chamber for if an over load is charged into the incinerator sufiicient air will pass through each bar to support a local combustion around each bar.

In Fig. 7, I show a form of incinerator which may be associated with a chimney structure originally built without provision for its use in combination with an incinerator. In this form of my invention, the chimney structure has built adjacent thereto an incinerator structure such as I have hereinbefore described and like parts have been designated with like numerals. In this installation, however, I form a pas sageway 61 in one Wall of the chimney structure to establish communication between the upper part of the drying chamber 23 of the incinerator. Then I provide a chute in the form of partition plate 62 to intercept the downward movement of garbage discharged into the chimney flue 24 through the doorway 28. This plate 62 is so disposed relative to the passageway 61, that the refuse striking thereon will pass through the passageway to the incinerator chamber. I provide a doorway 63 in the chimney wall immediately above the plate 62 whereby any inadvertent accumulation of refuse and garbage tending to clog the passageway 61 may be dispatched into the incinerator.

In this form of my invention, I provide a sub-flue for the escape of gases from the incinerator chamber in the event the passageway 61 becomes clogged. Such a flue may comprise a metallic fitting 65, extending upwardly from an opening formed in the top wall of the incinerator to a passageway 66 formed in the wall of the chimney at a point above the top wall of the incinerator. This passageway may be provided with a screen or baffle 68 to prevent the garbage passing through the flue fitting 65.

From the foregoing description of my invention, it will be seen that I provide a compact incinerator structure that may be incorporated in the chimney flue structure of a building being constructed or in the event the building is already constructed, the incinerator may be associated with the chimney flue whereby the fine may be used for charging the garbage into the incinerator and that the cooperative elements thereof are compactly arranged and have such characteristics that the convenience of its use and the efficiency of its operation is assured. Furthermore it will be apparent that the type of drying means which also serves to overcome a clogged condition of the combustion chamber is applicable to any type of incinerator. Also the modified form of my invention shown in Fig. 7 wherein the chimney structure is independent of the walls of the incinerator structure has the additional advantage that the top of the incinerator structure is not subjected to load stresses due to chimney weight.

I claim:

1. An incinerator having in combination a structure provided with a combustion chamber, and a series of hollow bars projecting into said chamber, said bars serving to suspend the refuse and each bar being arranged to be independently movable.

2. An incinerator having in combination a structure provided with a combustion chamber, and a series of hollow independently movable bars projecting into said chamrately movable bars projecting into the combustion chamber, the bars being positioned relative to the flue passageway to impinge garbage discharged into the flue.

4. In a chimney incinerator, the combination of a sub-structure forming the incinerator and a chimney, a fire grate disposed in the lower part of the incinerator structure, and a series of hollow, separately movable bars extending into the combustion chamber of the incinerator proper from opposite walls of the incinerator structure to interrupt the passage of garbage to the fire grate.

5. In a chimney incinerator, the combination of a sub-structure and a chimney structure, a fire grate disposed in the lower part of the sub-structure, and a series of hollow bars extending into the sub-structure from opposite walls thereof, said bars being separately movable whereby refuse material impinged thereon may be shaken downwardly structure having a combustion chamber, a

fire grate arranged in the lower part thereof, a series of independently movable bars extending through the walls of the incinerator into the combustion chamber, said bars being hollow to comprise air passageways leading into the combustion chamber and means built into the incinerator walls for movably supporting the bars.

7. In an incinerator of the character described, the combination of an incinerator structure, a chimney structure extending alongside of the incinerator structure, said incinerator having a fire grate disposed therein in the lower part thereof, said chimney flue having a passageway extending into the top part of the incinerator structure, means disposed in the chimney flue adjacent said passageway for guiding garbage discharged into the flue to the incinerator, a series of hollow bars disposed within the combustion chamber of the incinerator between the fire grate thereof and said flue passageway upon which the garbage may impinge, said bars having air vents and means establishing flue communication between the chimney flue and the top part of the incinerator structure, at a point above the first named passageway.

8. In an incinerator of the character described, the combination of an incinerator structure, a chimney structure extending alongside of the incinerator structure, said incinerator having a fire grate disposed therein in the lower part thereof, said chimney structure having an inclined passageway extending into the top part of the in cinerator structure, an air supplying means disposed within the combustion chamber of the incinerator between the fire grate thereof and the inclined passageway, for arresting the downward movement of the garbage to the fire grate, and means establishing a flue communication between the chimney fine and the top part of the incinerator structure, said last named flue means being arranged independently of the inclined garbage passageway extending between the chimney flue and the incinerator structure.

9. In an incinerator of the character described, the combination of an incinerator structure, a chimney structure extending alongside of the incinerator structure, said incinerator having a fire grate disposed therein in the lower part thereof, said chimney flue having an independent passageway extending into the top part of the incinerator structure, an inclined means disposed in the chimney flue adjacent said passageway for guiding garbage discharged into the flue to the incinerator, a series of drying grate bars disposed Within the combustion chamber of the incinerator between the fire grate thereof and said flue passageway upon which the garbage may impinge, and means establishing fiue communication. between the chimney flue and the top part of the ineinera'tor structure, at a point above the first named passageway.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto affix my signature.

EDWIN H. GRAVER.

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