US1716191A - Method of treating metallic bodies on one surface - Google Patents

Method of treating metallic bodies on one surface Download PDF

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Publication number
US1716191A
US1716191A US228437A US22843727A US1716191A US 1716191 A US1716191 A US 1716191A US 228437 A US228437 A US 228437A US 22843727 A US22843727 A US 22843727A US 1716191 A US1716191 A US 1716191A
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Prior art keywords
carburizing
pairs
metallic bodies
carburized
drum
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Expired - Lifetime
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US228437A
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Nathan H Schermer
Charles G Heilman
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/60—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C23C8/62—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes only one element being applied
    • C23C8/64—Carburising
    • C23C8/66—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/04—Treatment of selected surface areas, e.g. using masks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S76/00—Metal tools and implements, making
    • Y10S76/02—Case hardening
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4981—Utilizing transitory attached element or associated separate material

Definitions

  • the present invention pertains to a novel method of modifying one surface of a metallic body while retaining the other surface in approximately its original condition. Such a method is useful and desirable in cases where the modifying treatment, if applied throughout the metallic body, would render it unfit for certain of its intended functions or for certain operations subsequently to be performed thereon.
  • A. specific example of such an instance is the case of a brake drum which requires one high .carbon surface, while if the drum is carburized throughout, it will become too brittle for operations which may later be performed thereon.
  • the metallic bodies are carburized en one surface while still in the form of disks or sheets prior to the shaping operations.
  • the disks are arranged face to face in pairs, and these pairs are packed with carburizing material in a container in such a manner that each pair is entirely surrounded by this substance, but the members ⁇ thereof have only their noncontacting surfaces exposed to the hardening material.
  • the container is placed in an oven according to the usual carburizing process and may be lcooled in view of the desired resulting hardness or the nature of the metal under treatment. After the container has been removed from the oven and the metallic bodies are cooled, they are stamped or otherwise treated to take the shape of a brake drum.
  • the carburized surface of the body constitutes the wearing surface of the drum while the uncarburized surface of the metal is disposed on the other surface of the drum where carburizing is not necessary.
  • Fig: 2 is a plan view of the 'container partly broken away;
  • Fig. 3 is a transverse section of-the container showing the bodies embedded in the hardening material
  • Fig. 4 is an edge view of one of the carburized disks, partly broken away fto show the e ⁇ ect of the treatment;
  • Fig. 5 is a plan view of the drum formed from the treated disk, partly broken away to show the nature of the treatment.
  • Fig. 6 is a transverse section of the drum.
  • a brake drum to be formed from a sheet or disk 1 of suitable metal.
  • the disks are arranged in pairs 2 wherein the members of each pair are placed face to face and in marginal coincidence as clearly shown in Figure 3.
  • the pairs of disks are e/mbedded in a suitable carburizing material 3 contained in a receptacle 4, but it is to be noted that the pairs themselves are spaced from one another with the result that only the non-contacting surfaces of the members of each pair are exposed to the carburizing medium.
  • the container is equipped with a cover 5 and placed in an oven where it is heated according to existing processes of carburizing metal. After the completion of this operation, each body is carburized only at the surface which has been exposed to the substance 3 as indicated by the numeral 6 in Figures 4, 5 and 6, and the concealed surface will retain substantially its original character.
  • the bodies l are now shaped, as by stamping for example, into brake drums 7, and this operation is performed in such a manner that the carburized surface 6 will constitute the wear surface of the drum. rlhe retention of the remaining surface 8 in substantially its original condition is beneficial to the shaping operation, and if the body l were carburized throughout, it would be more difficult te shape.
  • the metal may be further hardened by heating and quenching, if desired, although carburizing alone considerably improves the wearing qualities and increases the hardness.
  • a method of hardening one surface of metal blanks suitable for bending consisting in arranging such vuntreated blanks in spaced. pairs, with the members of each pair in juxtaposition relative to each other and in direct contact with each other to conceal one surface of each, whereby when exposed to a hardening medium only one surface of each is hardened.
  • a method of hardening one surface of metal blanks preparatory to bending consisting in arranging such untreated blanks in i spaced pairs, with the members of each pair 1n superposed contacting relation with each other to conceal one surface of each whereby when exposed to a hardening medium only one surface of each is hardened.
  • a method of carburizing one surface of metal blanks suitable for bending consisting in arranging such untreated blanks in spaced pairs, with the members of each pair in juxtaposition relative to each other and in direct contact with each other to conceal v one surface of each whereby when exposed to a carburizing medium only one surface of each blank is carburized.
  • a method of hardening one surface of metal blanks suitable for bending consisting in arranging such untreated blanks in spaced pairs and in embedding such pairs in a .hardening medium with thc .members of each pair in superposed contacting relation' with eachother to conceal one surface of each whereby only onesurface of each is hardened.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Description

June 4, 1929.
METHOD OF TREATING METALLIC BODIES ON ONE SURFACE N. H. SCHERMER El' AL Filed Oct. 24, 1927 I attoznui Patented dans 4, i929.,
miami NATHAN E. SCHERMER AND CHARLES Gr. HEILMAN, OF HIGHLAND TABLE, MICHIGAN.
METHODy 0F TREATING METALLIC BODIES ON ONE SURFACE.
Application led October 24, 1927. Serial N0. 228,437.
The present invention pertains to a novel method of modifying one surface of a metallic body while retaining the other surface in approximately its original condition. Such a method is useful and desirable in cases where the modifying treatment, if applied throughout the metallic body, would render it unfit for certain of its intended functions or for certain operations subsequently to be performed thereon. A. specific example of such an instance is the case of a brake drum which requires one high .carbon surface, while if the drum is carburized throughout, it will become too brittle for operations which may later be performed thereon.
Considering this example further, the metallic bodies are carburized en one surface while still in the form of disks or sheets prior to the shaping operations. The disks are arranged face to face in pairs, and these pairs are packed with carburizing material in a container in such a manner that each pair is entirely surrounded by this substance, but the members `thereof have only their noncontacting surfaces exposed to the hardening material. The container is placed in an oven according to the usual carburizing process and may be lcooled in view of the desired resulting hardness or the nature of the metal under treatment. After the container has been removed from the oven and the metallic bodies are cooled, they are stamped or otherwise treated to take the shape of a brake drum. The carburized surface of the body constitutes the wearing surface of the drum while the uncarburized surface of the metal is disposed on the other surface of the drum where carburizing is not necessary.
The invention is fully disclosed by way of example in the following description and in the accompanying drawing, in whichy Figure l shows a plan View and an edge view of the disk to be treated;
Fig: 2 is a plan view of the 'container partly broken away;
Fig. 3 is a transverse section of-the container showing the bodies embedded in the hardening material;
Fig. 4 is an edge view of one of the carburized disks, partly broken away fto show the e`ect of the treatment;
Fig. 5 is a plan view of the drum formed from the treated disk, partly broken away to show the nature of the treatment; and
Fig. 6 is a transverse section of the drum.
Reference to these views will now be made by use of like characters which are employed to designate corresponding parts throughout.
As an example of the applicability of this process, we have chosen a brake drum to be formed from a sheet or disk 1 of suitable metal. As already indicated, it is desired to carburize only one surface of the disk and to leave the other surface unmodied. lilith this object in view, the disks are arranged in pairs 2 wherein the members of each pair are placed face to face and in marginal coincidence as clearly shown in Figure 3. In this condition-the pairs of disks are e/mbedded in a suitable carburizing material 3 contained in a receptacle 4, but it is to be noted that the pairs themselves are spaced from one another with the result that only the non-contacting surfaces of the members of each pair are exposed to the carburizing medium. 'There maybe some iiow of gas to the contacting faces, particularly at the edges-but not suficient to produce any appreciable carburizing.
The container is equipped with a cover 5 and placed in an oven where it is heated according to existing processes of carburizing metal. After the completion of this operation, each body is carburized only at the surface which has been exposed to the substance 3 as indicated by the numeral 6 in Figures 4, 5 and 6, and the concealed surface will retain substantially its original character.
The bodies l are now shaped, as by stamping for example, into brake drums 7, and this operation is performed in such a manner that the carburized surface 6 will constitute the wear surface of the drum. rlhe retention of the remaining surface 8 in substantially its original condition is beneficial to the shaping operation, and if the body l were carburized throughout, it would be more difficult te shape.
After this operation the metal may be further hardened by heating and quenching, if desired, although carburizing alone considerably improves the wearing qualities and increases the hardness.
Although the invention has been illustrated and described in connection with a brake drum, this disclosure of the invention is only illustrative, and it will be understood that the invention is applicable generally to the treatment of one surface of a body te the exclusion of the other surface, by methods other than carburizing, and that departure from the present disclosure may be made in accordance with the scope of the invention as indicated by the appended claims.
lVhat we claim is:
l. A method of hardening one surface of metal blanks suitable for bending, consisting in arranging such vuntreated blanks in spaced. pairs, with the members of each pair in juxtaposition relative to each other and in direct contact with each other to conceal one surface of each, whereby when exposed to a hardening medium only one surface of each is hardened.
2. A method of hardening one surface of metal blanks preparatory to bending, consisting in arranging such untreated blanks in i spaced pairs, with the members of each pair 1n superposed contacting relation with each other to conceal one surface of each whereby when exposed to a hardening medium only one surface of each is hardened.
Y 3. A method of carburizing one surface of metal blanks suitable for bending, consisting in arranging such untreated blanks in spaced pairs, with the members of each pair in juxtaposition relative to each other and in direct contact with each other to conceal v one surface of each whereby when exposed to a carburizing medium only one surface of each blank is carburized.
4. A method of hardening one surface of metal blanks suitable for bending, consisting in arranging such untreated blanks in spaced pairs and in embedding such pairs in a .hardening medium with thc .members of each pair in superposed contacting relation' with eachother to conceal one surface of each whereby only onesurface of each is hardened.
In testimony whereof we affix our slgnatures.
NATHAN H. SCHERMER. CHARLES G. HEILMAN.
US228437A 1927-10-24 1927-10-24 Method of treating metallic bodies on one surface Expired - Lifetime US1716191A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2520334A (en) * 1947-09-11 1950-08-29 Borg Warner Method of selective carburization
US2821494A (en) * 1953-07-03 1958-01-28 Angus M Miller Method for controlling carburization

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2520334A (en) * 1947-09-11 1950-08-29 Borg Warner Method of selective carburization
US2821494A (en) * 1953-07-03 1958-01-28 Angus M Miller Method for controlling carburization

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