US1715811A - Electric motor - Google Patents

Description

T. R. ARDEN June 4, 1929.

ma azine MOTOR Filed Oct. 17, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 72 15 7/ 6 22 gwmmatov ThoinasRd/irden June 4, 1929. ARDEN 1,715,811

' ELECTRIC MOTOR Filed Oct. 17, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Cit Patented June 4, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS E. ARDEN, OF BALDWIN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR, TO AMERICAN FLYER MANU- FACTURING COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

ELECTRIC MOTOR.

Application filed October 1 7, 1927. Serial No. 226,741.

This invention relates to an electric motor of. low voltage type having special features of construction which provide a simple, practical and reliable device that is not only economical to make, but easy to assemble and install.

' To that end the invention contemplates the provision of a motor including a two-pole revolving armature, a multiple-pole field formed by a steel stamping, and a single circuit revolving armature having single brush commutation;

Another object of the invention is to provide an electric motor of simple and practical design having a revolving armature with intermittent non-reversing polarity.

With the above and other objectsin view which will more readily appear as the nature of the invention is better understood, the same consists in the novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully described, illustrated and claimed.

A preferred and practical embodiment of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure'l isa side elevation of the improved construction.

Figure 2 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 22 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a'vertical sectional view taken 7 onthe line 3-3 of Figure 2.

Figure 1 is vertical cross sectional view taken on the line 4l-4 of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is an enlarged detail view of the commutator.

Figure 6 is a side elevation of the commutator shown in Figure 5.

Similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout the several figures of the drawings.

In carrying the invention into effect it is proposed to provide a motor which may be made as far as possible by the use of stamped parts to not only facilitate the manufacture thereof but also permit of readily assembling the parts rapidly and accurately without special skill, thereby providing an inexpensive practical and reliable motor construction having a wide range of uses.

As will be observed from the drawing the invention includes in its organization, an inert or stationary field member F which is preferably in the form of a body plate 1 having a plurality of laterally offset pole pieces 2. The said body plate may be grounded as indicated at 3 and is provided with a central opening 4 for receiving one end of the armature shaft as will presently appear. The ends of the spaced offset pole pieces 2 may be castellated or otherwise formed as indicated at 5 thereby to interlock with and engage with the key portion 6 of the arm 7 of an insulating plate 8 which provides a face or cover for the armature and commutator elements as will presently appear. The said insulating plate 8 is provided with an opening 9 for permitting contact between the armature and a brush, and is also provided with a central opening 10 for receiving the other end of the armature shaft whereby the latter will be rotatably supported between the metallic plate 1 of the field and the insulating plate 8. Vith the arrangement described it will be apparent that the field member F as well as the insulating plate 8 may be readily formed by machine stamping methods so that these two parts can be readily assembled after they have been properly equipped and designed to render the final assembly of the motor a simple and expeditious operation.

Referring further to the insulating plate 8 it will be observed that the same has fastened thereto, as by the eyelet, rivet or the like 11, a single brush 12 which constitutes one of the motor terminals and supplies current to the armature. The said plate also carries therewith a suitable spring member 13 made of phosphor bronze or the like for providing a suitable ground connection for the armature.

The brush 12 is provided with a knife edge commutator contactldwhich is yieldingly held againstthe commutator G thereby to convey current to the radial arms thereof.

The said commutator C preferably consists of a fiber or other insulating disc 15 carrying therewith a metallic commutator element 16 having a plurality of radial arms 17. And, to insure the proper mounting of the commutator with reference to the armature designated as A, the arms 17 may be extended to carry the cross arms 18 which partially embrace the oppositely disposed coils 19 of the armature A. Insulation 20 may be interposed between the cross arms 18 and the wires forming the coils 19. In that connection, however, it may be pointed out that the insulation 20 may be dispensed with if desired, the primary object of the cross arms 20 commutator are mounted is provided with a central opening 21 to receive the armature shaft 22 as will be readily apparent from the drawings.

The said armature A includes in addition to the shaft 22, the coils 19 previously referred to whichsurround a common soft iron core 23. It will be noted from Figure 2 that the said core 23 is preferably diametrically drilled to receive the armature shaft 22 so that the magnets composed by the coils 19 and core 23 are rigidly mounted on the armature shaft 22. As will be seen from Figures 2 and 4: the end of one of the coils 19 is connected to one-of the radial arms 17 of the armature while the other end of the coil is connected as indicated at 19 withthe opposite coil whose free end 19 is connected to the metallic armature shaft 22 which is journaled in the metallic plate 1 of the field F and also in the insulating plate 8, as previously explained. It will therefore be apparent that the armature A includes the armature shaft 22 with the soft iron core 23 securely mounted thereto and the said core carrying the coils 19. The operation of the device may be briefly described as follows :Assume that the current is supplied to the brush 12 and the brush contact 14 is engaged with one of the commutator arms 17, current will pass from the brush 12 to the commutator plate to the coils 19, and thence to ground on armature shaft 22 which is in contact with the spring 13. Thus the current returns to the source through brush 12. This causes the end 23 of the pole piece of the magnets to be charged with a magnetic field, pulling the ends 23 from the position they occupy at the time the circuit is closed over tothe next pair of pole pieces 2 at which time contact 14 has completely passed over commutator arm 17 and bears on the insulation intervening between the arms, relying on the momentum of the armature A to carry the contact 14 to the next arm 17. Vihen 1e and 17 again cont-act the operation above described again takes place,

that is, the magnets are again energized and then the circuit is broken when 14 bears on the I insulating disc While the momentum of the armature then completes the circuit and so on, thereby giving a continuous rotating movement to the armature. Since the armature is securely fastened to the shaft 22 the same iscaused to turn, and therefore from this shaft power can be obtained to operate the devices for which the motor is designed.

'VVithout further description it is thought that the features and advantages of the invention willbe readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and it Will of course be understood that changes in the form, proportionand minor details of construction may be resorted to, without departing from the spirit of the' invention and scope of the appended claims.

I claim V a 1. An electric motor comprising an inert stator having a plurality of spaced polepiec-es, an armature rotatably mounted in said stator, and a commutator carried by and insulatedfrom said armature, an electrical connection between said commutator and the coils of the armature, a brushfor engaging With the metallic portions of said commutator and means carried by said commutator for positively positioning the same with respect to the armature.

2. An electric motor including a metallic field member comprising a metallic body plate having a plurality of offset pole pieces, an insulating plate carried by said pole pieces, an armature including a. shaft journaled respectively in said field member and the insulating plate, coils carried by said armature, a commutator including an insulating disk mounted on said shaft in a fixed position with reference to said coils, a metallic member on said disk having spaced arms, an electric connection between said member and one of the coils, a singlebrush member carried by the insulating plate and adapted'to' alternately engage with said arms and the insulating disk, and a contact member carried by the insulating plate and engaging with said armature shaft.

3. An electric motor including a metallic field member formed from a steel stamping and comprising a body plate and a plurality of offset spaced pole-pieces, an insulating plate carried by the ends of said pole-pieces, and a two or more pole revolving armature of intermittent non-reversing polarity including a shaft ournaled respectively in the body of the field member and said insulating plate.-

4. An electric motor including afield member comprising a metallic steel plate having a body provided with spaced pole-pieces, an insulating plate carried by said pole pieces, and a combined armature and commutator unit arranged between said insulating plate and the body of the field member and including a shaft, said armature having two poles of intermittent non-reversing polarity, and a single brush carried by the insulating plate and adapted for engagement with the commutator.

5. An electric motor comprising a housing formed of a metallic plate having laterally offset portions and an insulating plate fitted .to the end of said portions, and a rotating unit journaled in said housing and including a two or more pole revolving armature of intermittent non-reversing polarity and a revolving armature, and a single brush carried by said housing for engagingwith said commutator.

6. An electricmotor including a housing formed from a metallic plate having a plurality of laterally offset spaced pole pieces and an insulating plate fitted to the ends of said pole-pieces, and a rotor unit mounted Within the housing and comprising an armature shaft journaled in said housing, a soft iron core carried by said shaft, coils connected in series carried by opposite ends of, said core, a commutator including an insulating disk fitted to said shaft, a metallic plate having a plurality of spaced arms carried by said disk, an electrical connection between said commutator plate and one of the coils and the other of said coils being grounded to the armature shaft, and a brush mounted on said insulating plate and adapted to engage and disengage with said commutator arms.

7. An electric motor including an inert stator having a plurality of spaced offset pole-pieces, an insulating plate carried by said pole-pieces, an armature shaft journalled between said stator and plate, an armature carried by said shaft, coils carried by said armature, a commutator carried by and insulated from said armature, an electrical connection between said commutator and said coils, a brush for engaging said commutator, and positioning clips carried by said commutator adapted to engage said coils to positively position the commutator With respect to the armature.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my signature.

' THOMAS R. ARDEN.

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