US1715240A

US1715240A - Pitch-coking process

Info

Publication number: US1715240A
Application number: US497373A
Authority: US
Inventors: Koppers Heinrich
Original assignee: KOPPERS DEV CORP
Current assignee: KOPPERS DEV CORP; KOPPERS DEVELOPMENT Corp
Priority date: 1921-08-31
Filing date: 1921-08-31
Publication date: 1929-05-28
Anticipated expiration: 1946-05-28

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet Filed Aug. s1, 192i May 2s, 1929.-`

;Ii.r

Patented -May 28A, 19729,A i

UNITED ASTATI-:s

PATENT OFFICE.

HEINRICH KOPPERS, F ESSEN-EUHR, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO THE KOPPERS DE- VELOPMENT CORPORATION, vOF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A' CORPORATION 0F PENNSYLVANIA.

rrreH-coxme rnocnss.

i Application filed August 31, 1921. Serial No. 497,378.

A The invention relates toa` process of coking pitch, for the production of substantially pure carbon suitable for electrodes and other useful purposes.

The coking of this substance has presented serious difficulties arismg mamlyl from the boiling ,and foaming o f the body of pitch when subjected to the necessary coking heat in the retort, so that it would leak vout past the retort doors or covers and rise up and clog or obstruct the gas passages leading. from the upper part of the retort. Also the introduction of the pitch to be coked in a comparatively large body into the' highly heated retort, as heretofore produced,

caused a chilling of the retort which resulted in the scaling oil' of the surfaces so exposed to heating and cooling, and also caused an undue expansion and contraction of the retort as a whole, the opening of the cracks between the bricks, and the dropping out of thesilica cement, and from one or allof these causes the retorts were rapidly deteriorated and injured, and silica as an objectionable 'impurity became mingled with the resulting coke, rendering the latter unsuitable for the intended uses of the saine. My invention obviates these difficulties by performing theA coking of the pitch continuously, with a corresponding continuous in- -troduction'of the pitch in relatively small quantities at a time into the highly heated retort so that the chilling effect is so small, at any time, compared with the extent of the retort and the high heat. of the same that the described injuries cannot result. Nevertheless thepitch is fed into the retort with suiiicient rapidity so that a body of sub1 stantially pure coke in quantity equal to the 40 capacity of the retort is produced without undue expenditure of time.

A pitch-coking retort ,of relativelyI large horizontal extent in proportionto the depth of the cooler liquid portion of the pitch i which exists in the retort at any time is used for the process, so that an extensive surface of the pitch is exposed to receive thecontinuously incoming additional pitch, and the Yrelatively cool pitch will touch the walls of the retort for a very small depth, so that the chilling effect is negligible. Also there is an extensive horizontal surface of pitch to give iii freely the distillinggases without excit ing bubbling yor foaming or not to any considerable degree.

' In accomplishing these useful results there is employed by preferencev a pitch-coking oven substantiallysuch asis shownlin the accompanying drawing, but this particular construction of oven is ,shown for the purpose of'. illustration and explanation, and is not to limit the invention tothe details of such construction, which may be varied without departure from the invention. In said drawings Figure 1 is a vertical cross section of the pitch-coking oven embodying the invention,

on line I-I of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 isa longitudinal vertical section of the same online II-II of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a front end view of the same, the oven door being removed.

Referring to the drawings, 1 indicates the oven structure, generally, the same being built of suitable material, and the upper parts which are to be subjected to high degrees of heat being composed of refractory `material such. as silica :bricks or the like.

The lower part of thestructure comprises

regenerator chambers

2, 3, 4 and 5 which have the usual air and gas exits upward to the retort and lwhich are to be used in the known alternating manner, so that. the air and gas are heated tothe combustion point.

in thepreviously used regenerator chambers and the products of combustion pass down through and heat the regenerator chambers whichiare next to be used for the incoming air and gas. v

I n the upper part ofthe oven is constructed the retort 6 which is of an arched contour nteriorly and is extended horizontally and sidewise to provide for the above described large superficial4 extent of the gradually introduced pitch. The lining 7 ofV this. retort is made of`si1ca brick andl is highly refractory or suiciently so for the coking heat to be raised.`

After this retort has been heated tol the degree requisite .for coking pitch. the latter is introduced in a small stream through the .pipe 8, which is arranged at one end near the top of the retort, and the stream'of liquid pitch is preferably caused to be of such force that itwill be delivered or fall at a point a/bout midway between the two.. ends of -the retort. The gaseous matter resulting from.

the coking operation passes outward from the retort through the pipe 9.

In performing the said coking with this apparatus the retort is first raised to coking heat and until the limit of expansion has been substantially reached, and the liquid pitch -is introduced as rapidly as may be under the condition that it must be raised to the 'coking temperature without having any injurious chilling effect on the interior surface of the retort. This introduction of the pitch proceeds continuously as also does the coking operation, and the coked pitch accumulates in the retort until the capacity of the same is reached, whereupon the feeding of the pitch is shut ofi. Thereafter'the heating is continuedto complete the coking of all parts of the charge, and further kept at a high heat until the coke is completely calcined, that is, subjected to continuous high heat so that the entire charge is thoroughly coked and in a suitable condition for said uses, thus saving a separate calcining operation.

Thereafter the coke is removed in the usual manner, without interrupting the con- I ually accumulating a body of pi-tch and simultaneously coking it and grad-ually and continuously increasing the depth of the coking body of pitch by the addition of pitch in liquid form to t e top surface of said body, and at the same time proceedingvwith the coking operation.

2. A process of cokin'g pitch, which comprises during the coking operation progressively introducing a`coking charge by gradually accumulatin a body of itch and simultaneously coking it and gra ually and -continuously increasing the depth of the coking body of pitch by the addition of pitch in liquid form tothe top surfacefof said body, and at the same time proceeding with the coking operation, and'then .shutting off the supply of pitch and completing the colti-ng of said body.

3. Ay process'of coking pitch, which comprises during the cokingoperation progressively introducing a coking charge by gradually accumulating .a Abody of' itch andv simultaneously cokin it and gra ually and continuously increaslng the depth of the coking-f o pitch in fl uid form4 to the top surface of .1 said bodyfand .ali-the Sametime proceeding with the @king eration, and then shutting Aoff the supply o pitch and completing the f pitch by the addition of coking of said body, and thereafter continuing lthe heating of said body until the coke is calcined.

4. A process of coking pitch, which comprises progressively introducing a coking charge by gradually accumulating a body of. pitchand simultaneously coking it and continuing the introducing of liquid pitch into a highly heated coking retort gradually,

in relatively small-quantityat a time, and continuously, and at the same time proceeding with the coking operation.

5. A process of coking pitch, which comprises progressively introducing a coking charge'by gradually accumulating a body of pitch and simultaneously coking it andcon'- i tinuing the introducing of 'liquid pitch into a highly heated coking retort gradually, in relatively small quantity at a time, andcon` tinuously, and 4at the same time proceeding tinuing and completing the coking of' saidv pitch. .A 7. A process of coking pitch, which 'comprises progressively -introducing a `coking pitch and simultaneously coking it, and while the same is being coked applying thereon successive quantities'of fluid pitch of relatively small depth, and continuing and completing the coking of all of said pitch.

8. A process of making pitch coke from pitch in a coking chamber of a coking retort oven having heating walls on two opposite sides` of said chamber provided with combustion flues and havin regenerators below said coking chamber an heating walls communicably' connected with' said combustionj flues, comprising: introducing pitch into said coking chamber while said chamber is being highly heated; accumulating said pitch in a shallow bod on the bottom of said chamber and simu taneously coking said body while thereon; adually increasing the dept-h .of said sha low body by gradual addition of further pitch to the top surface 'of said body and at the same time proceeding with the coking operation.

9. A process of making pitch coke from pitch in a coking chamber of a coking retort oven having heating walls on two opposite vsides of said chamber provided with combustion filles and having regenerators below said `coking chamber and heating walls communicably connected with said combustion flues,

.charge by gradually accumulating` a body of 85 with the coking operation, and then shutting A comprising: introducing pitch into said coking chamber while said chamber is being highly heated; accumulating sa'id pitch in a. shallow body on the bottom of said chamber and sinmltaneously coking said body While thereon; gradually increasing the depth of said shallow bod)v by gradual addition of further pitch to the top surface of said body and at the same time proceeding with the coking operation; then discontinuing the addition of furl her pitch to said body and completing the coking ot said body.

' l0. A process ol" making pitch coke -from pitchy material in a coking chamber of a coking retort oven having heating walls on (u-o opposite sides of' said chamber provided with combustion fines and having regencralors below said coking chamber and heating walls communicably connected with said combustion tlucs, comprising: introducing pilchy n'iaterial into said coking chamber while said chamber is being highly heated; :weumulating said pitchy material in a shallow body on the bottom of said chamber and simultaneously coking said body while thcre' on; gradually increasing the depth of said shallow body by gradual addition ot 'further pitchy material to the top surface of said A body and at the same time proceeding with the coking operation.

11. A process ot' making pitch coke from 'pitchy material in a coking chamber of a coking retort oven having heating walls on two opposite sides of said chamber provided with combustion llucs and having regenerators below said coking vchamber and heating vwalls connnunicably connected with said ccmbustion lines, comprising: introducingr pitchy material into said `coking chamber while said chamber is being highly heated; accumulating said pitchy material in a shallow body on the bottom of said chamber and simultaneously coking said body while thereon; gradually increasing the depth of said shallow body bygradual addition of further pitchy material to the top surface of said body and at the same time proceeding with the 'coking operation; then discontinuing the addition of further pitchy material to said body and completing the eoking of said body.

12. A process ot' making pitch coke from pitchy material in a coking chamber of a coking retort oven, comprising: introducing pitchy material into said coking chamber while said chamber is being highly heated; :accumulating said pitchy material in a shallow body on the bottom oi said chamber and simultaneously coking said body whilev therelon; gradually increasingthe depth of said shallow body by gradual addition of further pin-hy material to the .top surface of said body and at the'sanie time proceeding with the' coking operation.

13. A process of making pitch coke 'from pitchy material in a coking chamber of a coki ng retort oven, comprising: introducing pilchy material into said coking chamber while said chamber is being highly heated; accunmlating said pitchy material in a shallow body on the bottom of said chamber and simultaneously coking said body while thereon; g 'adually increasing the depth of said shallow body by gradual addition ot' :furthery pitchy material to the top surface ot' said body and at the same time proceeding with the coking operation; then discontinuing the addition of 'further pitchy material to said body and completing the coking of said body.

HEINRICH KoPPERs.